Empirical encounters with computational irreducibility and unpredictability

H Zenil, F Soler-Toscano, JJ Joosten - Minds and Machines, 2012 - Springer
Minds and Machines, 2012Springer
The paper presents an exploration of conceptual issues that have arisen in the course of
investigating speed-up and slowdown phenomena in small Turing machines, in particular
results of a test that may spur experimental approaches to the notion of computational
irreducibility. The test involves a systematic attempt to outrun the computation of a large
number of small Turing machines (3 and 4 state, 2 symbol) by means of integer sequence
prediction using a specialized function for that purpose. The experiment prompts an …
Abstract
The paper presents an exploration of conceptual issues that have arisen in the course of investigating speed-up and slowdown phenomena in small Turing machines, in particular results of a test that may spur experimental approaches to the notion of computational irreducibility. The test involves a systematic attempt to outrun the computation of a large number of small Turing machines (3 and 4 state, 2 symbol) by means of integer sequence prediction using a specialized function for that purpose. The experiment prompts an investigation into rates of convergence of decision procedures and the decidability of sets in addition to a discussion of the (un)predictability of deterministic computing systems in practice. We think this investigation constitutes a novel approach to the discussion of an epistemological question in the context of a computer simulation, and thus represents an interesting exploration at the boundary between philosophical concerns and computational experiments.
Springer