Partidul Whig, SUA
Partidul Whig a fost un partid politic american in timpul perioadei cunoscută ca Democrația Jackson. A funcționat între anii 1833 și 1856 si a fost fondat pentru a lupta împotriva politicii duse de președintele Andrew Jackson și Partidul Democrat.
Partidul Whig a susținut supremația Congresului peste ramura executivă și a favorizat programul pentru modernizare și protecționism economic. Numele partidului lor este un tribut adus celor cunoscuți ca American Whigs care au luptat pentru independență în 1776.
Din Partidul Whig făceau parte politicieni precum au fost Daniel Webster, William Henry Harrison, Henry Clay (liderul partidului), dar și eroi de război precum generalul Zachary Taylor și Winfield Scott. Abraham Lincoln a fost liderul Whig leader din Illinois.
Patru dintre președinții Statelor Unite ale Americii au fost membri ai Partidului Whig: William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, Zachary Taylor și Millard Fillmore.
Vezi și
modificareBibliografie
modificare- Alexander, Thomas B. "Persistent Whiggery in the Confederate South, 1860-1877," Journal of Southern History, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Aug., 1961), pp. 305–329 online at JSTOR
- Atkins, Jonathan M.; "The Whig Party versus the "spoilsmen" of Tennessee," The Historian, Vol. 57, 1994 online version
- Beveridge, Albert J. (). Abraham Lincoln, 1809–1858, vol. 1, ch. 4–8. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în .
- Brown, Thomas (). Politics and Statesmanship: Essays on the American Whig Party.
- Cole, Arthur Charles (). The Whig Party in the South. online version
- Foner, Eric (). Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War.
- Formisano, Ronald P. (). „Political Character, Antipartyism, and the Second Party System”. American Quarterly. 21: 683–709. doi:10.2307/2711603. Online through JSTOR
- Formisano, Ronald P. (). „Deferential-Participant Politics: The Early Republic's Political Culture, 1789–1840”. American Political Science Review. 68: 473–87. doi:10.2307/1959497. Online through JSTOR
- Formisano, Ronald P. (). The Transformation of Political Culture: Massachusetts Parties, 1790s–1840s.
- Hammond, Bray. Banks and Politics in America from the Revolution to the Civil War (1960), Pulitzer prize; the standard history. Pro-Bank
- Holt, Michael F. (). Political Parties and American Political Development: From the Age of Jackson to the Age of Lincoln.
- Holt, Michael F. (). The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-505544-6. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în .
- Howe, Daniel Walker (). The American Whigs: An Anthology.
- Howe, Daniel Walker (). The Political Culture of the American Whigs.
- Howe, Daniel Walker (). „The Evangelical Movement and Political Culture during the Second Party System”. Journal of American History. 77: 1216–39. doi:10.2307/2078260. Online through JSTOR
- Howe, Daniel Walker (). What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848.
- Kruman, Marc W. (). „The Second Party System and the Transformation of Revolutionary Republicanism”. Journal of the Early Republic. 12: 509–37. doi:10.2307/3123876. Online through JSTOR
- Marshall, Lynn. (). „The Strange Stillbirth of the Whig Party”. American Historical Review. 72: 445–68. doi:10.2307/1859236. Online through JSTOR
- McCormick, Richard P. (). The Second American Party System: Party Formation in the Jacksonian Era.
- Mueller, Henry R.; The Whig Party in Pennsylvania, (1922) online version
- Nevins, Allan. The Ordeal of the Union (1947) vol 1: Fruits of Manifest Destiny, 1847-1852; vol 2. A House Dividing, 1852-1857. highly detailed narrative of national politics
- Poage, George Rawlings. Henry Clay and the Whig Party (1936)
- Remini, Robert V. (). Henry Clay: Statesman for the Union. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 0-393-31088-4.
- Remini, Robert V. (). Daniel Webster.
- Riddle, Donald W. (). Lincoln Runs for Congress.
- Schlesinger, Arthur Meier, Jr. ed. History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–2000 (various multivolume editions, latest is 2001). For each election includes good scholarly history and selection of primary documents. Essays on the most important elections are reprinted in Schlesinger, The Coming to Power: Critical presidential elections in American history (1972)
- Schurz, Carl (). Life of Henry Clay: American Statesmen. vol. 2.
- Shade, William G. (). „The Second Party System”. În Paul Kleppner, et al. (contributors). Evolution of American Electoral Systems.
- Sharp, James Roger. The Jacksonians Versus the Banks: Politics in the States after the Panic of 1837 (1970)
- Silbey, Joel H. (). The American Political Nation, 1838–1893.
- Smith, Craig R. "Daniel Webster's Epideictic Speaking: A Study in Emerging Whig Virtues" online
- Van Deusen, Glyndon G. (). Horace Greeley, Nineteenth-Century Crusader.
- Van Deusen, Glyndon (). „The Whig Party”. În Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. (ed.). History of U.S. Political Parties. Chelsea House Publications. pp. 1:331–63. ISBN 0-7910-5731-3.
- Van Deusen, Glyndon G. Thurlow Weed, Wizard of the Lobby (1947)
- Wilentz, Sean (). The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln.
- Wilson, Major L. Space, Time, and Freedom: The Quest for Nationality and the Irrepressible Conflict, 1815-1861 (1974) intellectual history of Whigs and Democrats
Note
modificare- ^aAlthough Tyler was elected vice president as a Whig, his policies soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda, and he was officially expelled from the party in 1841, a few months after taking office.
Legături externe
modificare- Web site-ul oficial al partidului Whig modern (Modern Whig Party) Arhivat în , la Wayback Machine.
- The American Presidency Project, contains the text of the national platforms that were adopted by the national conventions (1844-1856)
- Grand Valley State University digital collections Arhivat în , la Wayback Machine.- Papers of Whig political appointee Nathan Sargent, 1832-1874
| Partidele politice ale Statelor Unite ale Americii | |
|---|---|
| Partide politice majore | |
| Alte partide politice | Constituției Verde Libertarian Reformist |
| Partide politice mici | Comunist Pace și Libertate NSM Socialist Muncitorilor Socialiști Progresiv VT |
| Partide politice istorice | Anti-Masonic Democratic-Republican Know Nothing Federalist Progressive Whig |
| Vedeți Listă a partidelor politice din SUA pentru o listă completă. | |