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Journal Article

EU carbon prices signal high policy credibility and farsighted actors

Authors

/persons/resource/joanna.sitarz

Sitarz, Joanna
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Michael.Pahle

Pahle, Michael
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Sebastian.Osorio

Osorio, Sebastian
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Gunnar.Luderer

Luderer, Gunnar
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

/persons/resource/Robert.Pietzcker

Pietzcker, Robert C.
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;
Submitting Corresponding Author, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research;

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Citation

Sitarz, J., Pahle, M., Osorio, S., Luderer, G., Pietzcker, R. C. (2024): EU carbon prices signal high policy credibility and farsighted actors. - Nature Energy, 9, 691-702.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01505-x

Cite as: https://publications.pik-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_29958

Abstract

Carbon prices in the EU emissions trading system are a key instrument driving Europe’s decarbonization. Between 2017 and 2021, they surged tenfold, exceeding €80 tCO2−1 and reshaping investment decisions across the electricity and industry sectors. What has driven this increase is an open question. While it coincided with two significant reforms tightening the cap (‘MSR reform’ and ‘Fit for 55’), we argue that a reduced supply of allowances alone cannot fully explain the price rise. A further crucial aspect is that actors must have become more farsighted as the reform signalled policymakers’ credible long-term commitment to climate targets. This is consistent with model results that show historic prices can be better explained with myopic actors, whereas explaining prices after the reforms requires actors to be farsighted. To underline the role of credibility, we test what would happen if a crisis undermines policy credibility such that actors become myopic again, demonstrating that carbon prices could plummet and endanger the energy transition.