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a(n) ~ 2^(2*n-2) / (sqrt(Pi) * n^(3/2)). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 11 2019
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Table[Sum[MoebiusMu[n/d]*CatalanNumber[d-1], {d, Divisors[n]}], {n, 1, 30}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 10 2019 *)
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G.f. = x + x^3 + 4*x^4 + 13*x^5 + 40*x^6 + 131*x^7 + 424*x^8 + 1428*x^9 + ...
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G.f. A(x) satisfies: Sum_{n>=1} A((x-x^2)^n) = x+x^2. - Paul D. Hanna, Jan 04 2015
a(n) = Sum_{d|n} Moebius(n/d) * binomial(2*(d-1), d-1)/d. - Paul D. Hanna, Jan 04 2015
(PARI) /* G.f. satisfies: Sum_{n>=1} A((x-x^2)^n) = x+x^2. : */
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({a(n) = sumdiv(n, d, moebius(n/d) * binomial(2*(d-1), d-1)/d)}
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