Isotopen van rodium
Het chemisch element rodium (Rh), met een atoommassa van 102,90550(2) u, bezit 1 stabiele isotoop: 103Rh, dat theoretisch gezien in staat is om spontane splijting te ondergaan. Het is tevens de enige in de natuur voorkomende isotoop van dit element, waardoor het valt onder de mononuclidische elementen. De 32 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halveringstijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van rodium is 89Rh, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 10 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 101Rh, met een halfwaardetijd van 3,17 jaar.
Overzicht
bewerken| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
| 89Rh | 45 | 44 | 88,94884(48) | 10 ms | β+ | 89Ru | 7/2+ | ||
| 90Rh | 45 | 45 | 89,94287(54) | 15(7) ms | β+ | 90Ru | 0+ | ||
| 90mRh | 0(500) keV | 1,1(3) s | 9+ | ||||||
| 91Rh | 45 | 46 | 90,93655(43) | 1,74(14) s | β+ | 91Ru | 7/2+ | ||
| 91mRh | 1,46(11) s | (1/2−) | |||||||
| 92Rh | 45 | 47 | 91,93198(43) | 4,3(13) s | β+ | 92Ru | (6+) | ||
| 92mRh | 4,66(25) s | (> 6+) | |||||||
| 93Rh | 45 | 48 | 92,92574(43) | 11,9(7) s | β+ | 93Ru | 9/2+ | ||
| 94Rh | 45 | 49 | 93,92170(48) | 70,6(6) s | β+ (98,2%) | 94Ru | (2+, 4+) | ||
| β+, p (1,79%) | 93Tc | ||||||||
| 94mRh | 300(200) keV | 25,8(2) s | β+ | 94Ru | (8+) | ||||
| 95Rh | 45 | 50 | 94,91590(16) | 5,02(10) min | β+ | 95Ru | 9/2+ | ||
| 95mRh | 543,3(3) keV | 1,96(4) min | IT (88%) | 95Rh | 1/2− | ||||
| β+ (12%) | 95Ru | ||||||||
| 96Rh | 45 | 51 | 95,914461(14) | 9,90(10) min | β+ | 96Ru | (6+) | ||
| 96mRh | 52,0(1) keV | 1,51(2) min | IT (60%) | 96Rh | (3+) | ||||
| β+ (40%) | 96Ru | ||||||||
| 97Rh | 45 | 52 | 96,91134(4) | 30,7(6) min | β+ | 97Ru | 9/2+ | ||
| 97mRh | 258,85(17) keV | 46,2(16) min | β+ (94,4%) | 97Ru | 1/2− | ||||
| IT (5,6%) | 97Rh | ||||||||
| 98Rh | 45 | 53 | 97,910708(13) | 8,72(12) min | β+ | 98Ru | 2+ | ||
| 98mRh | 60(50) keV | 3,6(2) min | IT | 98Rh | (5+) | ||||
| β+ | 98Ru | ||||||||
| 99Rh | 45 | 54 | 98,908132(8) | 16,1(2) dagen | β+ | 99Ru | 1/2− | ||
| 99mRh | 64,3(4) keV | 4,7(1) uur | β+ (99,83%) | 99Ru | 9/2+ | ||||
| IT (0,16%) | 99Rh | ||||||||
| 100Rh | 45 | 55 | 99,908122(20) | 20,8(1) uur | β+ | 100Ru | 1− | ||
| 100m1Rh | 107,6(2) keV | 4,6(2) min | IT (98,3%) | 100Rh | (5+) | ||||
| β+ (1,7%) | 100Ru | ||||||||
| 100m2Rh | 74,78(2) keV | 214,0(20) ns | 2+ | ||||||
| 100m3Rh | 112,0+X keV | 130(10) ns | (7+) | ||||||
| 101Rh | 45 | 56 | 100,906164(18) | 3,17 jaar | EV | 101Ru | 1/2− | ||
| 101mRh | 157,32(4) keV | 4,34(1) dagen | EV (93,6%) | 101Ru | 9/2+ | ||||
| IT (6,4%) | |||||||||
| 102Rh | 45 | 57 | 101,906843(5) | 207,0(15) dagen | β+ (80%) | 102Ru | (1−, 2−) | ||
| β− (20%) | 102Pd | ||||||||
| 102mRh | 140,75(8) keV | 3,742(10) jaar | β+ (99,77%) | 102Ru | 6+ | ||||
| IT (0,23%) | 102Rh | ||||||||
| 103Rh | 45 | 58 | 102,905504(3) | stabiel | 1/2− | 1,0000 | |||
| 103mRh | 39,756(6) keV | 56,114(9) min | IT | 103Rh | 7/2+ | ||||
| 104Rh | 45 | 59 | 103,906656(3) | 42,3(4) s | β− (99,55%) | 104Pd | 1+ | ||
| β+ (0,449%) | 104Ru | ||||||||
| 104mRh | 128,967(4) keV | 4,34(3) min | 5+ | ||||||
| 105Rh | 45 | 60 | 104,905694(4) | 35,36(6) uur | β− | 105Pd | 7/2+ | ||
| 105mRh | 129,781(4) keV | 42,9(3) s | IT | 105Rh | 1/2− | ||||
| β− | 105Pd | ||||||||
| 106Rh | 45 | 61 | 105,907287(8) | 29,80(8) s | β− | 106Pd | 1+ | ||
| 106mRh | 136(12) keV | 131(2) min | β− | 106Pd | 6+ | ||||
| 107Rh | 45 | 62 | 106,906748(13) | 21,7(4) min | β− | 107Pd | 7/2+ | ||
| 107mRh | 268,36(4) keV | > 10 µs | 1/2− | ||||||
| 108Rh | 45 | 63 | 107,90873(11) | 16,8(5) s | β− | 108Pd | 1+ | ||
| 108mRh | −60(110) keV | 6,0(3) min | β− | 108Pd | (5+) | ||||
| 109Rh | 45 | 64 | 108,908737(13) | 80(2) s | β− | 109Pd | 7/2+ | ||
| 110Rh | 45 | 65 | 109,91114(5) | 28,5(15) s | β− | 110Pd | (> 3)+ | ||
| 110mRh | −60(50) keV | 3,2(2) s | β− | 110Pd | 1+ | ||||
| 111Rh | 45 | 66 | 110,91159(3) | 11(1) s | β− | 111Pd | (7/2+) | ||
| 112Rh | 45 | 67 | 111,91439(6) | 3,45(37) s | β− | 112Pd | 1+ | ||
| 112mRh | 330(70) keV | 6,73(15) s | β− | 112Pd | (4, 5, 6) | ||||
| 113Rh | 45 | 68 | 112,91553(5) | 2,80(12) s | β− | 113Pd | (7/2+) | ||
| 114Rh | 45 | 69 | 113,91881(12) | 1,85(5) s | β− (> 99,9%) | 114Pd | 1+ | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 113Pd | ||||||||
| 114mRh | 200(150) keV | 1,85(5) s | β− | 114Pd | (4, 5) | ||||
| 115Rh | 45 | 70 | 114,92033(9) | 0,99(5) s | β− | 115Pd | (7/2+) | ||
| 116Rh | 45 | 71 | 115,92406(15) | 0,68(6) s | β− (> 99,9%) | 116Pd | 1+ | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 115Pd | ||||||||
| 116mRh | 200(150) keV | 570(50) ms | β− | 116Pd | (6−) | ||||
| 117Rh | 45 | 72 | 116,92598(54) | 0,44(4) s | β− | 117Pd | (7/2+) | ||
| 118Rh | 45 | 73 | 117,93007(54) | 310(30) ms | β− | 118Pd | (4-10)+ | ||
| 119Rh | 45 | 74 | 118,93211(64) | 300 ms | β− | 119Pd | 7/2+ | ||
| 120Rh | 45 | 75 | 119,93641(64) | 200 ms | β− | 120Pd | |||
| 121Rh | 45 | 76 | 120,93872(97) | 100 ms | β− | 121Pd | 7/2+ | ||
| 122Rh | 45 | 77 | 121,94321(75) | 50 ms | |||||
Overzicht van isotopen per element
bewerken| 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
| 2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
| 3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
| 4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| 5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
| 6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
| 7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
| Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859