Isotopen van lanthaan
Het chemisch element lanthaan (La), met een atoommassa van 138,90547(7) u, bezit 1 stabiele isotoop: 139La, met een abundant van 99,9%. Het overige in de natuur voorkomende isotoop is de radio-isotoop 138La. De 38 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halveringstijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van lanthaan is 117La, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 23,5 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 138La, met een halfwaardetijd van 102 miljard jaar. Deze isotoop is een radioactief primordiaal nuclide dat in kleine hoeveelheden op Aarde voorkomt (0,09%). Het vervalt voor 66,4% door β+-verval tot de stabiele isotoop barium-138 en voor 33,6% door β−-verval tot de stabiele isotoop cerium-138:[1]
Overzicht
bewerken| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
| 117La | 57 | 60 | 116,95007(43) | 23,5(26) ms | β+ | 117Ba | (3/2+, 3/2−) | ||
| p | 116Ba | ||||||||
| 117mLa | 151(12) keV | 10(5) ms | (9/2+) | ||||||
| 118La | 57 | 61 | 117,94673(32) | 200 ms | β+ | 118Ba | |||
| 119La | 57 | 62 | 118,94099(43) | 1 s | β+ | 119Ba | 11/2− | ||
| 120La | 57 | 63 | 119,93807(54) | 2,8(2) s | β+ | 120Ba | |||
| β+, p | 119Cs | ||||||||
| 121La | 57 | 64 | 120,93301(54) | 5,3(2) s | β+ | 121Ba | 11/2− | ||
| β+, p | 120Cs | ||||||||
| 122La | 57 | 65 | 121,93071(32) | 8,6(5) s | β+ | 122Ba | |||
| β+, p | 121Cs | ||||||||
| 123La | 57 | 66 | 122,92624(21) | 17(3) s | β+ | 123Ba | 11/2− | ||
| 124La | 57 | 67 | 123,92457(6) | 29,21(17) s | β+ | 124Ba | (7−, 8−) | ||
| 124mLa | 100(100) keV | 21(4) s | |||||||
| 125La | 57 | 68 | 124,920816(28) | 64,8(12) s | β+ | 125Ba | (11/2−) | ||
| 125mLa | 107,0(10) keV | 390(40) ms | (3/2+) | ||||||
| 126La | 57 | 69 | 125,91951(10) | 54(2) s | β+ | 126Ba | (5+) | ||
| 126mLa | 210(410) keV | 20(20) s | (0−, 1−, 2−) | ||||||
| 127La | 57 | 70 | 126,916375(28) | 5,1(1) min | β+ | 127Ba | (11/2−) | ||
| 127mLa | 14,8(12) keV | 3,7(4) min | β+ | 127Ba | (3/2+) | ||||
| IT | 127La | ||||||||
| 128La | 57 | 71 | 127,91559(6) | 5,18(14) min | β+ | 128Ba | (5+) | ||
| 128mLa | 100(100) keV | < 1,4 min | IT | 128La | (1+, 2−) | ||||
| 129La | 57 | 72 | 128,912693(22) | 11,6(2) min | β+ | 129Ba | 3/2+ | ||
| 129mLa | 172,1(4) keV | 560(50) ms | IT | 129La | 11/2− | ||||
| 130La | 57 | 73 | 129,912369(28) | 8,7(1) min | β+ | 130Ba | 3+ | ||
| 131La | 57 | 74 | 130,91007(3) | 59(2) min | β+ | 131Ba | 3/2+ | ||
| 131mLa | 304,52(24) keV | 170(10) µs | 11/2− | ||||||
| 132La | 57 | 75 | 131,91010(4) | 4,8(2) uur | β+ | 132Ba | 2− | ||
| 132mLa | 188,18(11) keV | 24,3(5) min | IT (76%) | 132La | 6− | ||||
| β+ (24%) | 132Ba | ||||||||
| 133La | 57 | 76 | 132,90822(3) | 3,912(8) uur | β+ | 133Ba | 5/2+ | ||
| 134La | 57 | 77 | 133,908514(21) | 6,45(16) min | β+ | 134Ba | 1+ | ||
| 135La | 57 | 78 | 134,906977(11) | 19,5(2) uur | β+ | 135Ba | 5/2+ | ||
| 136La | 57 | 79 | 135,90764(6) | 9,87(3) min | β+ | 136Ba | 1+ | ||
| 136mLa | 255(9) keV | 114(3) ms | IT | 136La | (8−) | ||||
| 137La | 57 | 80 | 136,906494(14) | 6(2)E × 104 jaar | EV | 137Ba | 7/2+ | ||
| 138La | 57 | 81 | 137,907112(4) | 1,02(1) × 1011 jaar | β+ (66,4%) | 138Ba | 5+ | 9,0(1) × 10−4 | |
| β− (33,6%) | 138Ce | ||||||||
| 138mLa | 72,57(3) keV | 116(5) ns | 3+ | ||||||
| 139La | 57 | 82 | 138,9063533(26) | stabiel | 7/2+ | 0,99910(1) | |||
| 140La | 57 | 83 | 139,9094776(26) | 1,6781(3) dagen | β− | 140Ce | 3− | ||
| 141La | 57 | 84 | 140,910962(5) | 3,92(3) uur | β− | 141Ce | (7/2+) | ||
| 142La | 57 | 85 | 141,914079(6) | 91,1(5) min | β− | 142Ce | 2− | ||
| 143La | 57 | 86 | 142,916063(17) | 14,2(1) min | β− | 143Ce | 7/2+ | ||
| 144La | 57 | 87 | 143,91960(5) | 40,8(4) s | β− | 144Ce | (3−) | ||
| 145La | 57 | 88 | 144,92165(10) | 24,8(20) s | β− | 145Ce | (5/2+) | ||
| 146La | 57 | 89 | 145,92579(8) | 6,27(10) s | β− (99,99%) | 146Ce | 2− | ||
| β−, n (0,007%) | 145Ce | ||||||||
| 146mLa | 130(130) keV | 10,0(1) s | β− | 146Ce | (6−) | ||||
| 147La | 57 | 90 | 146,92824(5) | 4,015(8) s | β− (99,96%) | 147Ce | (5/2+) | ||
| β−, n (0,04%) | 146Ce | ||||||||
| 148La | 57 | 91 | 147,93223(6) | 1,26(8) s | β− (99,85%) | 148Ce | (2−) | ||
| β−, n (0,15%) | 147Ce | ||||||||
| 149La | 57 | 92 | 148,93473(34) | 1,05(3) s | β− (98,6%) | 149Ce | 5/2+ | ||
| β−, n (1,4%) | 148Ce | ||||||||
| 150La | 57 | 93 | 149,93877(43) | 510(30) ms | β− (97,3%) | 150Ce | (3+) | ||
| β−, n (2,7%) | 149Ce | ||||||||
| 151La | 57 | 94 | 150,94172(43) | 300 ms | β− | 151Ce | 5/2+ | ||
| 152La | 57 | 95 | 151,94625(43) | 200 ms | β− | 152Ce | |||
| 153La | 57 | 96 | 152,94962(64) | 150 ms | β− | 153Ce | 5/2+ | ||
| 154La | 57 | 97 | 153,95450(64) | 100 ms | β− | 154Ce | |||
| 155La | 57 | 98 | 154,95835(86) | 60 ms | β− | 155Ce | 5/2+ | ||
Overzicht van isotopen per element
bewerken| 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
| 2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
| 3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
| 4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| 5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
| 6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
| 7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
| Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
- ↑ (en) WolframAlpha