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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2011‒11‒07
eight papers chosen by Laura Stefanescu European Research Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration |
| By: | James Bessen; Alessandro Nuvolari |
| Abstract: | This chapter documents instances from past centuries where inventors freely shared knowledge of their innovations with other inventors. It is widely believed that such knowledge sharing is a recent development, as in Open Source Software. Our survey shows, instead, that innovators have long practiced ?collective invention? at times, including in such key technologies as steam engines, iron, steel, and textiles. Generally, innovator behavior was substantially richer than the heroic portrayal often found in textbooks and museums. Knowledge sharing sometimes coexisted with patenting, at other times, not, suggesting the importance of policy that accommodates knowledge sharing to foster cumulative innovation. |
| Keywords: | technological change, knowledge sharing, collective invention, patents |
| JEL: | N70 O33 O34 |
| Date: | 2011–10–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2011/21&r=knm |
| By: | Kuroiwa, Ikuo; Nabeshima, Kaoru; Tanaka, Kiyoyasu |
| Abstract: | The growing importance of innovation in economic growth has encouraged the development of innovation capabilities in East Asia, within which China, Japan, and Korea are most important in terms of technological capabilities. Using Japanese patent data, we examine how knowledge networks have developed among these countries. We find that Japan's technological specialization saw little change, but those of Korea and China changed rapidly since 1970s. By the year 2009, technology specialization has become similar across three countries in the sense that the common field of prominent technology is "electronic circuits and communication technologies". Patent citations suggest that technology flows were largest in the electronic technology, pointing to the deepening of innovation networks in these countries. |
| Keywords: | East Asia, China, South Korea, Japan, Technological innovations, Industrial technology, Patents, Technology transfer, Electronics, Telecommunication, Innovation network, Patent statistics |
| JEL: | L6 L63 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2011–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper285&r=knm |
| By: | Lööf , Hans (CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology); Johansson, Börje (CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the contribution to productivity of firms’ internal innovation efforts and spatially-specific factors. A dynamic GMM-estimator is applied to a panel of close to 3,000 firms located in 81 Swedish regions and observed over a 10-year period. The magnitude of benefits from the knowledge milieu of an agglomeration is sizeable, but varies between firms depending on their particular R&D-strategy and location within a metropolitan region. |
| Keywords: | R&D; innovation-strategy; productivity; metropolitan; externalities |
| JEL: | C23 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2011–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0260&r=knm |
| By: | Uchikawa, Shuji |
| Abstract: | In India, as the production of passenger cars increased, many local small and medium enterprises (SMEs) entered the parts and components manufacturing sector. The sources of knowledge for large enterprises and SMEs are different. Naturally, spillover effects among large enterprises and between large enterprises and SMEs are different. This paper focuses on knowledge spillover among large enterprises and from large enterprises to SMEs. Subcontractor can absorb relation-specific skills through repeated interaction with parent company. The results of field survey emphasizes that relation-specific skills are a determinant factor of spillover effects from assemblers and large auto component manufacturers to SMEs. Econometric analysis shows that spillover effects among medium and large automobile units and from medium and large automobile units to small units went beyond boundary of cluster. |
| Keywords: | India, Automobile industry, Industrial technology, Automobile, Technology, Spillover, Small and medium enterprises |
| JEL: | L62 O33 O53 |
| Date: | 2011–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper303&r=knm |
| By: | DAVID KUPFER; Ana Paula Avellar |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anp:en2009:151&r=knm |
| By: | NAGAOKA, Sadao; IGAMI, Masatsura; WALSH, John P.; IJICHI, Tomohiro |
| Date: | 2011–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:iirwps:11-09&r=knm |
| By: | Ramana Nanda (Harvard Business School, Entrepreneurial Management Unit); Matthew Rhodes-Kropf (Harvard Business School, Entrepreneurial Management Unit) |
| Abstract: | We find that VC-backed firms receiving their initial investment in hot markets are less likely to IPO, but conditional on going public are valued higher on the day of their IPO, have more patents and have more citations to their patents. Our results suggest that VCs invest in riskier and more innovative startups in hot markets (rather than just worse firms). This is true even for the most experienced VCs. Furthermore, our results suggest that the flood of capital in hot markets also plays a causal role in shifting investments to more novel startups - by lowering the cost of experimentation for early stage investors and allowing them to make riskier, more novel, investments. |
| Keywords: | Venture Capital, Innovation, Market Cycles, Financing Risk |
| JEL: | G24 G32 |
| Date: | 2011–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hbs:wpaper:12-032&r=knm |
| By: | Joelle Forest (EVS - Environnement Ville Société - CNRS : UMR5600 - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne - Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon - École Normale Supérieure de Lyon); Marianne Chouteau (EVS - Environnement Ville Société - CNRS : UMR5600 - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne - Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon - École Normale Supérieure de Lyon); Céline Nguyen (EVS - Environnement Ville Société - CNRS : UMR5600 - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Université Lumière - Lyon II - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne - Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon - École Normale Supérieure de Lyon) |
| Abstract: | Les écoles d'ingénieurs ont vu évoluer leur programme de formation au fil du temps. L'objet de la présente contribution est de montrer comment la prise en compte du rôle clé de la conception dans l'innovation s'est substituée à la vision de l'innovation comme application des sciences et comment ce changement de paradigme conduit à repenser le modèle de formation des ingénieurs. Ce faisant, nous étudierons les conséquences que cela a eu pour les enseignements de sciences humaines et sociales au sein de ladite formation. |
| Keywords: | conception, innovation, formation des ingénieurs, enseignement en sciences humaines et sociales |
| Date: | 2011–07–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00631385&r=knm |