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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Laurence Scialom; Gaëtan Le Quang; Thomas Lagoarde Segot |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the implications of ecosystemic macroprudential regulations on sustainability in an ecological PK-SFC framework. We first discuss the link between banks and global warming; and present the case for connecting prudential regulation with planetary boundaries. We then report a set of simulations suggesting that in the short run, such ecosystemic prudential regulations could effectively green banks’ balance sheets, credit flows, and curtail brown investment, at the cost, however, of significant short-run losses. In the longer run, the induced green transition appears to set the economy on a more sustainable pathway, to decrease inflationary pressures, and to maintain real GDP at the baseline level, with distributional effects favourable to wage-earners. These results highlight the relevance of ecosystemic prudential regulation to tackle climate change and call for adopting a holistic approach to sustainability policies. |
| Keywords: | ecological finance, SFC modelling |
| JEL: | G00 G28 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2024-28 |
| By: | George Halkos; Panagiotis Stavros Aslanidis; Angelos Plataniotis; Phoebe Koundouri |
| Abstract: | Protection of marine ecosystems is vital for biodiversity conservation as it ensures the health of our oceans and seas, moreover it supports the livelihoods of millions who rely on them. Nevertheless, there are global issues that put at risk biodiversity levels, inter alia, climate change, invasive species, eutrophication, waste, and pollution. This study provides novel policy insights into Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 14 by reviewing and comparing willingness-to-pay (WTP) levels for marine ecosystem protection and conservation across different locations worldwide. The analysis covered 220 valuation studies conducted between 2000 and 2023, sourced from the Environmental Valuation Reference Inventory (EVRI) and Ecosystem Services Valuation Database (ESVD). WTP levels are presented from both national and sea/ocean perspectives, offering a holistic approach to understanding the non-market values of biodiversity and marine ecosystem protection. Socioeconomic parameters such as age, gender, education, and income were also analyzed, revealing their influence on individuals' WTP for marine conservation initiatives. The findings suggest that WTP levels can serve as a powerful tool for policymakers and demonstrate core policy implications regarding the achievement of SDG 14 |
| Keywords: | SDG 14, marine protection, marine conservation, valuation studies, climate change, sustainable development |
| JEL: | Q01 Q51 Q57 |
| Date: | 2024–10–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2416 |
| By: | George Halkos; Panagiotis Stavros Aslanidis; Conrad Landis; Lydia Papadaki; Phoebe Koundouri |
| Abstract: | The present review examines the primary (heatwaves and air pollution) and cascading (population density, traffic and noise, health issues, and biodiversity loss) hazards in urban settlements. The motivation is to understand the interaction between hazards in urban areas to develop a novel holistic approach that enhances urban sustainability. Three objectives are (i) to monitor valuation studies that reveal willingness to pay (WTP) for major urban-related challenges, (ii) to assess non-marketed valuation studies, and (iii) to examine the interactions between the hazards and their impacts on people and the environment. Based on Environmental Valuation Reference Inventory and Ecosystem Services Valuation Database, from 5329 studies, 80 were retrieved that focus solely on the economic measures of 220 WTP values for different ecological and recreational issues during the period 2000-2023. The findings show that regarding the mean WTP (MWTP) values, the valuation studies reveal a MWTP of 142€ for heatwaves mitigation, whereas for air pollution 76€. Moreover, in terms of cascading hazards, the highest MWTP was for population density (298€), followed by biodiversity loss (96€), health issues (63€), and lastly by traffic and noise with 42€. However, biodiversity loss is the most significant stressor for all target groups (citizens, workers, and flora and fauna), therefore, policymakers should invest in green and blue infrastructure, energy-saving technologies, and transportation alternatives in order to improve urban resilience, safeguarding both human health and the natural environment. |
| Keywords: | climate change, heatwaves, air pollution, biodiversity loss, population density, WTP, valuation studies |
| Date: | 2024–10–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aue:wpaper:2415 |
| By: | Tibi Didier Zoungrana (UTS - Université Thomas Sankara); Aguima Aimé Bernard Lompo (CERDI - Centre d'Études et de Recherches sur le Développement International - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UCA - Université Clermont Auvergne); Daouda Lawa Tan Toé (UTS - Université Thomas Sankara) |
| Abstract: | Climate finance is an increasingly sought-after instrument for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by financing adaptation and mitigation measures. There is a global commitment to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly with regard to tackling climate change. The mobilization and use of climate finance could influence environmental quality. This paper focuses on analyzing the impact of climate finance on environmental quality in 111 countries worldwide over the period 2000-2019. This study uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) in panel data. The main results indicate a positive effect of climate finance on environmental quality, reflecting the theory of financial ecology. More specifically, climate finance targeting climate change mitigation measures has a significant effect on environmental quality. Member countries of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and private sector actors should implement strategies to monetize climate finance and invest heavily in mitigation and adaptation measures to improve environmental quality. |
| Keywords: | Climate finance, CO2 emissions, ecological footprint, GMM, World |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04691240 |
| By: | Aatishya Mohanty; Nattavudh Powdthavee; Cheng Keat Tang; Andrew J. Oswald |
| Abstract: | This paper studies natural disasters and the psychological costs of climate change. It presents what we believe to be the first evidence that higher temperature variability and not a higher level of temperature is what predicts natural disasters. This conclusion holds whether or not we control for the (incorrectly signed) impact of temperature. The analysis draws upon long-differences regression equations using GDIS data from 1960-2018 for 176 countries and the contiguous states of the USA. Results are checked on FEMA data. Wellbeing impact losses are calculated. To our knowledge, the paper's results are unknown to natural and social scientists. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2409.14936 |
| By: | W. Lasarov (Audencia Business School); S. Hoffmann; R. Mai; J. Schleich |
| Abstract: | Innovative information technology such as a Carbon Footprint Tracking App can contribute to achieve global climate targets like the 2°C target of the Paris Agreement. This is particularly relevant for countries with strong socio-economic development, which often have high individual carbon footprints but also possess the technological advancements to help mitigate these emissions. This paper explores how carbon footprint feedback and goal-oriented appeals affect consumers' carbon emissions. Focusing on interventions in the food and mobility domains, this research distinguishes the impact of self-related and society-related goals across these focal domains and examines spillover effects on heating and other household activities. Using a Carbon Footprint Tracking App in a longitudinal experimental study with 210 participants over three waves, the following key findings emerge. First, goal activation affects carbon emissions differently across consumption domains. Second, while the obtained evidence points to spillover across domains, the appeals' effectiveness within the same domain is contingent on individual goal prioritization. In particular, behavioral interventions need to target specific goals within each domain, particularly normative and moral goals in the food domain, and hedonic and cost-related goals in the mobility domain. |
| Abstract: | Innovative information technology such as a Carbon Footprint Tracking App can contribute to achieve global climate targets like the 2 ◦C target of the Paris Agreement. This is particularly relevant for countries with strong socio-economic development, which often have high individual carbon footprints but also possess the technological advancements to help mitigate these emissions. This paper explores how carbon footprint feedback and goal-oriented appeals affect consumers' carbon emissions. Focusing on interventions in the food and mobility domains, this research distinguishes the impact of self-related and society-related goals across these focal domains and examines spillover effects on heating and other household activities. Using a Carbon Footprint Tracking App in a longitudinal experimental study with 210 participants over three waves, the following key findings emerge. First, goal activation affects carbon emissions differently across consumption domains. Second, while the obtained evidence points to spillover across domains, the appeals' effectiveness within the same domain is contingent on individual goal prioritization. In particular, behavioral interventions need to target specific goals within each domain, particularly normative and moral goals in the food domain, and hedonic and cost-related goals in the mobility domain. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable consumption, carbon footprint, self-tracking, goal framing, spillover effects |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04689730 |
| By: | Koundouri, Phoebe; Dellis, Konstantinos; Miziaki, Olympia |
| Abstract: | The broad economic notion of Ecosystem Services (ES) refers to the benefits that humans derive, directly or indirectly, from ecosystem functions. ES are directly related with Water Resources Management (WRM), as any catchment’s degradation is in fact a degradation of ES, and the opposite. The concept initially had a pedagogical purpose, later it started being measured with economic methods, and has policy extensions, such as markets and payment schemes. ES’s valuation is an essential process for achieving environmental, economic and sustainability goals, The Total Economic Value (TEV) of ecosystems includes market values (priced) and mainly non-market values (not explicit in any market), hence the different valuation methods for their explicit valuation. This process involves also human preferences regarding the perception of the nature’s contribution to the economy, services, or production processes. ES concept and relevant policies have been criticised on the technical weaknesses of valuation methods, the description of the human behaviour, the interdisciplinary conflicts (e.g. ecological vs economic perception of value), and ethical aspects on the limits of the economic science, nature’s commodification, and the purpose of the policy extents. Since valuation affects the policies (markets and payment schemes), it is important to understand the way that humans decide and develop preferences under uncertainty. Those preferences are changing, our behaviour is unpredictable under deep uncertainty (i.e. unknown policies, impacts, unknown probabilistic events, and under climate change) particularly over longer-term important WRM decisions. Behavioural Economics attempt to understand human behavior and psychology, and in a way model our valuation system, under uncertainty. The purpose and use of concept must be based on solid principles, aiming to the development of policies that will improve our ecosystems and lives, achieved by scientific and stakeholder collaboration. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural Productivity, FABLE, Green Innovation, AFOLU, GHG Emissions |
| JEL: | Q14 Q16 Q18 Q19 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:121430 |
| By: | Catherine Leining (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); Sasha Maher (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research); Hannah Kotula (Motu Economic and Public Policy Research) |
| Abstract: | Cooperation between countries is key to avoiding the most severe impacts of climate change. Under current policies, the world will face temperatures of 3oC above pre-industrial levels by 2100. Developing countries hold three quarters of the cost-effective mitigation needed in 2030 under 1.5oC pathways, but currently lack the capability to make it happen and historically have contributed least to the problem. If higher- and lower-income countries fail to work together to unlock that mitigation, the world will lock in dangerous climate change. Providing conventional climate finance to lower-income countries is crucial but is not the only option – nor has it been sufficient so far. |
| Keywords: | Climate change; emissions trading; carbon markets; Paris Agreement; New Zealand; Article 6; cooperation |
| JEL: | Q54 Q56 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mtu:wpaper:24_54 |
| By: | Rabah Arezki (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The volume is aimed at fostering our understanding of the shifting environment for resource rich countries impacted by radical transformations linked to climate change, technology and geopolitics. On the climate change front, efforts by the international community to achieve net zero emissions have launched an ambitious but uneven energy transition away from fossil fuels leading to both potential losers and winners. Among the potential winners are the resource rich countries endowed with minerals critical for the energy transition. On the technology front, in addition the decarbonization process, digitalization will also raise the demand for critical minerals and (hopefully cleaner) energy in extraordinary ways. On the geopolitical front, the race between superpowers to access critical materials and energy resources to power the technological transformations is not only driving demand for these resources but also potential (geo-)political realignment of resource rich countries vis-à-vis super-powers. The volume also explores ways in which policies can avoid a repeat of past mistakes in the management of natural resources which contributed to the coining of the phrase "resource curse' to describe the paradox that resource dependent countries were performing poorer than others. The new boom in resources should this time serve to promote both an ethical, sustainable and inclusive development. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, Natural resource, Geopolitics |
| Date: | 2024–09–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04703672 |
| By: | Hillebrand, Elmar; Hillebrand, Marten |
| JEL: | E62 H21 H23 Q25 Q32 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc24:302343 |
| By: | Mohanty, Aatishya (University of Aberdeen); Powdthavee, Nattavudh (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore & IZA Institute, Bonn); Tang, CK (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore); Oswald, Adrew J. (University of Warwick, IZA Institute, Bonn & CAGE Research Centre) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies natural disasters and the psychological costs of climate change. It presents what we believe to be the first evidence that higher temperature variability and not a higher level of temperature is what predicts natural disasters. This conclusion holds whether or not we control for the (incorrectly signed) impact of temperature. The analysis draws upon longdifferences regression equations using GDIS data from 1960-2018 for 176 countries and the contiguous states of the USA. Results are checked on FEMA data. Wellbeing impact losses are calculated. To our knowledge, the paper’s results are unknown to natural and social scientists. |
| Keywords: | Global warming ; temperature standard deviation ; human wellbeing ; happiness ; disasters ; BRFSS ; WVS JEL Codes: Q54 ; I31 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wrk:warwec:1519 |
| By: | Arlette Simo Fotso (INED - Institut national d'études démographiques, CEPED - Centre Population et Développement - INED - Institut national d'études démographiques - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5); Géraldine Duthé (INED - Institut national d'études démographiques); Grace Kathryn |
| Abstract: | Understanding the vulnerabilities of people with disabilities in the context of climate change is of vital importance for developing people-centered climate change mitigation efforts. People with disabilities face unique risks in response to both rapid- and slow-onset climate-related events because they may require different types of early warning information to accommodate their needs when responding to climate-related hazards. However, the needs of disabled populations are often not considered alongside climate hazards and mitigation planning. In this project, we take a significant step towards documenting and mapping the risks that people with disabilities face in the context of climate change. We use an innovative dataset—the Senegal General Census of Population and Housing, Agriculture, and Livestock (RGPH) conducted in 2013, which measures disability using the recommended questionnaire of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. We combine this data with satellite and gridded datasets that provide key climate measures related to temperature, rainfall, and other climate disasters, as well as land cover, population density, and infrastructure. This approach allows us to identify areas where climate hazard hotspots intersect with disabled populations, taking into account exposure and additional vulnerability factors. The project will produce disability-climate risk indicators for each type of functional limitation. These indicators will highlight the risks that disabled people face in the context of climate change and provide the necessary evidence to support mitigation and planning efforts. |
| Date: | 2024–06–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04699131 |
| By: | Marwil J. Dávila-Fernández; Christian Proaño; Serena Sordi |
| Abstract: | The ongoing transformation of the social base supporting political choices in highincome countries is happening in the context of raising demand for more significant efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Our research question lies in the intersection between these two major themes. We develop a heterogeneous agents behavioural macro model that differentiates between left- and right-wing voting preferences in two main political dimensions: economic-distributive and socio-cultural. A continuous-time version of the discrete-choice approach describes the composition of the population over time. The model is compatible with the emergence of “left-left”, “left-right”, “rightleft”, and “right-right” coalitions, each associated with a skill premium and carbon taxes or subsidies. Human capital accumulation results in a wage differential that influences production and feedback on inequality. Through induced technical change, taxing emissions influences the development of carbon-neutral production techniques, impacting output and ultimately feeding political attitudes. We numerically study the implications of secularisation and the asymmetric effects of carbon taxes on low/highskilled workers to green transition. It is shown that achieving absolute decoupling is a two-part problem. Reaching a consensus for implementing a carbon tax is only the first step. A sufficiently strong element of induced technical change favouring carbonneutral production techniques is also necessary to avoid reducing living standards |
| Keywords: | Political cleavages; Climate change; Inequality; Human capital; Carbon tax |
| JEL: | C62 D72 Q01 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:909 |
| By: | Naomi-Rose Alexander; Mauro Cazzaniga; Ms. Stefania Fabrizio; Ms. Florence Jaumotte; Longji Li; Dr. Jorge Mondragon; Sahar Priano; Ms. Marina Mendes Tavares |
| Abstract: | The transition to a sustainable and green economy requires workers to move out of carbon-intensive jobs and workers to move into green jobs. The pace and effectiveness of the transition hinge not only on climate policies but also on the skills and adaptability of workers. Evidence suggests that economies with a robust supply of STEM-educated workers and a more equal treatment of women are better placed to transition faster and at a lower cost to a green economy, even after controlling for other country characteristics, because these economies generate more green innovation and face lower bottlenecks in expanding the green workforce. Altogether, climate policies, particularly energy taxes, in these economies are associated with emission reductions that are 2 to 4 percentage points larger than in economies with a less inclusive and educated workforce. While green jobs have been growing worldwide, men currently hold close to two-thirds of these positions and women only one-third. Green jobs are associated with a 7 percent premium for men and an even higher premium of 12 percent for women, suggesting that men’s and women’s labor supply may not meet demand. These findings highlight the critical need for educational and labor policies that promote skill enhancement and gender inclusivity, to ensure a sufficient supply of workers for the green economy and that all workers can benefit from the green transition. Finally, AI could be beneficial for workers in green jobs. |
| Keywords: | Labor Market Transition; Climate Change; Employment; Gender Equality; gender green employment gap decomposition; employment share; green wage premium; worker occupation; women employment; green jobs workers' characteristic; Gender inequality; Women; Labor markets; Global |
| Date: | 2024–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfsdn:2024/003 |
| By: | Flörchinger, Daniela; Perino, Grischa; Frondel, Manuel; Jarke-Neuert, Johannes |
| JEL: | C93 D02 D83 D91 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc24:302395 |
| By: | Vaiknoras, Kate; Kiker, Greg; Nkonya, Ephraim; Morgan, Savannah; Beckman, Jayson; Johnson, Michael E.; Ivanic, Maros |
| Abstract: | Climate change may affect livestock production—particularly cattle—by changing the available herbaceous biomass (nonwoody plants such as grasses that are consumed by livestock) on rangelands. This report uses G-Range (a global, gridded rangeland model) to simulate the spatial and temporal effects of changes in temperature and rainfall as projected by a climate change scenario of high greenhouse gas concentration known as Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5. We find that, on average, global herbaceous biomass declines by 4 percent, with wide regional variation. Some regions experience increases in herbaceous biomass, particularly those with cooler climates where warmer temperatures may benefit plant growth, such as Northern Europe. Other regions may experience losses, such as West Africa, which more than offset gains elsewhere. This report also estimates how these changes may affect cattle production globally and by region. Rangeland beef and milk production could increase in some regions, particularly in North America, while falling in others, leading to negligible change on a global level for beef production and a 1-percent reduction in milk production. If herbaceous plants respond positively to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, losses to herbaceous biomass would be mitigated, leading to a 12-percent gain in beef production and an 11-percent gain in milk production. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Dairy Farming, Livestock Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:uersrr:347200 |
| By: | Rabi Mohtar |
| Abstract: | The agricultural sector is responsible for 72% of global water withdrawals, and is the biggest employer of the world’s most vulnerable and poor populations. Still, close to 84% of smallholder farms in low- and middle-income economies are located in water-scarce regions, with less than one third of them having access to irrigation (UN, 2024). These small-scale farmers also bear the heavy weight of land degradation and climate crisis. It is estimated that food production will need to increase by 50% by 2050 to meet the requirements of the growing world population (FAO, 2020). The agriculture sector amounts to 35% of total African GDP, yet a mere 4% of total government expenditure went into this sector (Hodder and Migwala, 2023). It is imperative to increase system resilience by reducing water-energy-food interdependencies through improved multisectoral policies, technologies, and adapted management. With the impacts of climate-related extreme events and the vulnerability of rural populations, an integrated approach to water management is the only way to close the water gap. Moving forward towards achieving global sustainable goals, rural communities must be empowered to ensure that they are the drivers of the expected socio-economic development through water development and management. This policy brief explores sustainable development in Africa through investment in rural development as the foundation for economic growth and community development. It provides a case study exploring the interrelationships of the resource nexus in Morocco, and the need to promote water as a catalyst for development and for development of policy coherence with related sectors. |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:ppaper:pb34-24 |
| By: | König, Christian (WZB Berlin Social Science Center); Salomo, Katja; Helbig, Marcel |
| Abstract: | Exposure to environmental burdens, such air and noise pollution or the lack of available green spaces, has been linked to a multitude of detrimental outcomes. Previous evidence indicates that poor residents and foreign minorities in European cities are disproportionately exposed to environmental burdens. However, there are substantial but ill-understood differences between European countries and between cities within countries. To address this limitation, we utilise fine-grained 1km-by-1km neighbourhood grid data on objective air and noise pollution as well as green space availability, enriched with administrative data on poverty rates and foreign minority shares from all German cities with at least 100, 000 inhabitants in 2017. We examine whether poor residents and foreign minorities are more often affected by environmental burdens, how their exposure to environmental burdens differs between cities, and what city-specific contextual factors contribute to these between-city differences. We find evidence that foreign minorities are more likely to be exposed to environmental burdens, but poor residents are predominantly not. However, there is considerable variation between cities. The strongest explanatory factor for this variation is the extent to which disadvantaged groups live in central neighbourhoods, less so residential segregation of poor and foreign residents, or the scarcity of ‘clean and healthy’ neighbourhoods in a city. Against these results, we further explore empirically how the current wave of inner-city gentrification might ease environmental inequality in German cities. |
| Date: | 2024–09–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:j4tf2 |
| By: | Carmen Sillero Illanes (European Commission - JRC); Rosa Gallardo Cobos; Pietro Moncada Paterno' Castello (European Commission - JRC); Karel Haegeman (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | To enhance EU competitiveness and foster the transition to sustainability, the Draghi Report underscores the necessity of enhanced policy coordination across EU Member States and European institutions. This paper advocates a systemic approach that integrates subnational governance to expedite sustainability transitions, applying the concept of climate neutrality to the European aviation system. In 2023, Europe’s top 40 airports handled 10.2 million flights and 1.19 billion passengers, driving mobility, tourism, and economic growth. However, aviation is classified by the IPCC as a ‘hard-to-abate’ sector, contributing 2% of global energy-related CO2 emissions in 2022, with a total warming impact 2.6 times that of CO2 alone. With an expected annual passenger increase of 4.7%, emissions could triple in coming decades, threatening net-zero goals by 2050. Following a systematic literature review on sustainable aviation, policy initiatives at European, national, and regional levels are mapped and classified according to transition intervention points. Gaps and barriers are identified, and a place-based dimension of the sociotechnical transition is introduced using smart specialisation strategies. The paper argues that effective sustainability transition pathways require a deep understanding of problems and solutions from the perspective of those directly affected, suggesting a place-based approach to align territorial policies with European initiatives. The conclusions emphasize the need for systemic, transformative, and place-based policies to achieve aviation climate neutrality. Coordinating efforts across local, regional, national, and European levels is vital. The paper illustrates that considering place-based dimensions early in EU policies can enhance sustainability transitions for competitiveness. |
| Keywords: | aviation, Net Zero Industry Act, sustainability, transition, multilevel perspective, transformative innovation, competitiveness |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:trater:202401 |
| By: | Antonia Settle (School of Social Sciences, Monash University); Federico Zilio (Melbourne Institute: Applied Economic & Social Research, The University of Melbourne); Usha Nattala (Melbourne Data Analytics Platform, The University of Melbourne); Meladel Mistica (Melbourne Data Analytics Platform, The University of Melbourne) |
| Abstract: | As climate change generates more damaging weather-related events more often, the question of who bears intensifying disaster risk becomes increasingly pertinent. Drawing on disaster sociology and quantitative studies of disaster impacts in real estate markets, this paper contributes to research efforts to explore distributional questions of climate risk. We examine an actual flood event in an area of Australia that is increasingly recognized as vulnerable to rising flood risk. Our analysis combines geospatial analysis of flooding in residential areas, household level socio-economic data and data on house prices to identify socio-economic patterns in the impacts of a flooding disaster that indicate broader patterns in flood risk exposure and resilience, with implications for longer term dynamics of climate-related inequality. Our results show not only that risk exposure was greatest amongst the most disadvantaged communities but also that the most disadvantaged incurred substantially greater losses in comparison to equally flooded locations in wealthier areas, indicating exacerbated balance sheet losses on the part of disadvantaged households who are pushed into acute financial distress as a result of the floods. Variation in both risk exposure and impacts reflect that the costs borne as a result of climate-related disasters play out distinctly amongst different socio-economic groups. Our analysis of key data sources at a high level of granularity contributes to much needed empirical research on the socio-economic distribution of unfolding climate-related risks outside of heavily studied US locations. |
| Keywords: | climate risk, natural disasters, socio-economic distribution, housing prices |
| JEL: | I32 Q54 R11 R23 R31 |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iae:iaewps:wp2024n12 |
| By: | Moleka, Pitshou Basikabio |
| Abstract: | As humanity confronts the existential threats of climate change, biodiversity loss, and growing socioeconomic inequalities, the need for transformative, systemic change has never been more urgent. Conventional innovation approaches, often focused on technological solutionism and market imperatives, have consistently fallen short in delivering the comprehensive, equitable, and sustainable solutions required to navigate these interconnected crises. This pioneering article explores the profound intersection between speculative fiction, sustainable innovation, and the burgeoning field of innovationology. By harnessing the transformative power of imaginative narratives, the integrated praxis of innovationology and sustainability science can challenge existing mental models, spark collective imagination, and foster agency to co-create sustainable futures. Through a rigorous examination of cutting-edge research, empirical evidence, and case studies, this article positions speculative fiction as a critical lever for catalyzing the systemic changes required for a more just, regenerative, and resilient future. |
| Date: | 2024–10–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:wjepk |
| By: | François Bareille (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Raja Chakir (UMR PSAE - Paris-Saclay Applied Economics - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Charles Regnacq (UR - Université de Rennes) |
| Abstract: | This paper improves our understanding of how rainwater impacts economic growth by investigating the effects of overlooked properties of the water cycle. First, we consider the natural separation of rainwater into flows of blue water (i.e., the water that runs off towards rivers) and green water (i.e., that remaining in the soil). Second, we account for the presence of surface and groundwater stocks. These considerations allow us to comprehensively address the whole partition of rainwater, which, upon reaching the ground, splits into distinct water resources that determine water availability inland. Our analyses on a global panel coupling sub-national economic and hydrological data show that rainwater does increase growth, but do so differently depending on its partition. Specifically, blue water leads to more economic growth than green water at the margin, but, because two thirds of terrestrial water is green, the latter contributes more to growth in total. By missing this crucial partition, we find that commonly used rainwater measurements overstate rainwater's contribution to growth (by about two). Our analyses further indicate that, although groundwater reserves always mitigate the impacts of rainwater reduction on growth, surface water reserves sometimes amplify regional dependence to rainwater (depending on sector, income and reserve types). |
| Abstract: | Cet article améliore notre compréhension de l'impact de l'eau de pluie sur la croissance économique en étudiant les effets des propriétés négligées du cycle de l'eau. Tout d'abord, nous considérons la séparation naturelle de l'eau de pluie en flux d'eau bleue (c'est-à-dire l'eau qui s'écoule vers les rivières) et d'eau verte (c'est-à-dire l'eau qui reste dans le sol). Deuxièmement, nous tenons compte de la présence de stocks d'eau de surface et d'eau souterraine. Ces considérations nous permettent d'aborder de manière exhaustive l'ensemble de la partition de l'eau de pluie qui, lorsqu'elle atteint le sol, se divise en ressources hydriques distinctes qui déterminent la disponibilité de l'eau à l'intérieur des terres. Nos analyses sur un panel mondial couplant des données économiques et hydrologiques infranationales montrent que l'eau de pluie augmente effectivement la croissance, mais différemment en fonction de sa partition. Plus précisément, l'eau bleue entraîne plus de croissance économique que l'eau verte à la marge, mais comme les deux tiers de l'eau terrestre sont verts, cette dernière contribue davantage à la croissance totale. En omettant cette partition cruciale, nous constatons que les mesures de l'eau de pluie couramment utilisées surestiment la contribution de l'eau de pluie à la croissance (d'environ deux fois). Nos analyses indiquent en outre que, bien que les réserves d'eau souterraine atténuent toujours les effets de la réduction de l'eau de pluie sur la croissance, les réserves d'eau de surface amplifient parfois la dépendance régionale à l'égard de l'eau de pluie (en fonction du secteur, du revenu et des types de réserves). |
| Keywords: | Dams, Weather |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04698458 |
| By: | Mario W. Dávila-Dávila; Marwil J. Dávila-Fernández |
| Abstract: | Public perceptions of the urgency of fighting climate change differ between countries and have fluctuated over time. Heterogeneity in ecological thinking poses a problem because limiting global warming requires cohesion and coordination among the socioeconomic system’s leading players in developed and developing countries. Most studies in the field have wrongly treated advanced and emerging economies as similar systems in different positions of a linear development path. Developing economies are structurally different as they are populated by a large informal sector that accounts for up to half of economic activity. The role of the informal sector in economic development remains controversial, let alone the implications of its existence to a successful green transition. We present a macrodynamic model to study the interplay between informality and heterogeneity in ecological thinking. The model explains the endogenous emergence of four stable equilibria. Two have minor informality but significant differences in green attitudes. We refer to them as the US vs Europe cases in the Global North. In the other two, informality prevails, while we observe sharp differences in general support for mitigation policies, resembling an Asia vs Latin America scenario. Studying the basins of attraction allows us to provide policymakers with additional insights into the political economy of climate change in the Global South |
| Keywords: | Climate change; Informality; Green attitudes, Global South; Development. |
| JEL: | Q01 Q56 O11 O44 |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:914 |
| By: | Alienor Cameron; Maria Garrone |
| Abstract: | To reach its 2050 objective of carbon neutrality, the European Union (EU) must continue to step up its climate efforts, while ensuring the competitiveness of its industries is not harmed. The EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) is at the core of the bloc's industrial decarbonization efforts. This paper explores this topic by digging into whether there is a causal relationship between industrial firms' emission intensity and their economic and financial performance. We construct a dataset covering around 1, 200 industrial firms covered by the EU ETS' third phase and estimate a novel indicator of volume-based emission intensities for these firms. Applying an IV approach to a within-firm panel model, we find that firms' emission intensity is negatively related to their corporate performance, and that this does not depend on the competitive environment they operate in. |
| Keywords: | EU ETS, heavy industry, emission intensity, corporate performance. |
| JEL: | D22 H23 L51 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2024-26 |
| By: | Michael Barnett |
| Abstract: | I study the dynamic, general equilibrium implications of climate-change-linked transition risk on macroeconomic outcomes and asset prices. Climate-change-linked expectations of fossil fuel restrictions can produce a ``run on fossil fuels'' with accelerated production and decreasing spot prices, or a ``reverse run'' with restrained production and increased spot prices. The response depends on the expected economic consequences of the anticipated transition shock, and existing climate policies. Fossil fuel firm prices decrease in each case. I use a novel empirical measure of innovations in climate-related transition risk likelihood to show that dynamic empirical responses are consistent with a ``run on fossil fuel.'' |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2410.00902 |
| By: | Chekir, Hamouda; Kessler, Martin; Albinet, Charles |
| Abstract: | Amidst growing liquidity challenges and mounting debt burdens, governments have to forego some of their priorities, especially when they represent long-term commitments, such as sustainability investment. Debt-To-Sustainability Swaps (D2S) have become a popular tool to address this dual tension. Yet, their limitations are also well known: they are fit for purpose in a limited number of cases, and tend to be complex arrangements. When are D2S useful? How much can they reduce debt? What are the conditions for a meaningful sustainability impact? This paper describes when and where swaps are useful, and goes beyond these considerations by proposing a practical guide on the economics, impact and governance of such transactions. |
| Keywords: | Sovereign Debt, Liquidity Challenges, Debt Burdens, Governments, Green Finance, Climate Finance, Sustainable Finance, Debt-To-Sustainability Swaps (D2S), Economics, Governance |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpm:notfdl:2404 |
| By: | Teng Liu |
| Abstract: | The agricultural sector is particularly susceptible to the impact of climate change. In this paper, I investigate how vulnerability to climate change affects U.S. farms' credit access, and demonstrates that such impact is unequally distributed across farms. I first construct a theoretical framework of bank lending to farms faced with climate risks, and the model helps discipline ensuing empirical analyses that use novel panel datasets at county and at bank levels. I find that higher exposure to climate change, measured by temperature anomaly, reduces bank lending to farms. Such impact is persistent, nonlinear, and heterogeneous. Small and medium farms almost always experience loss of loan access. In comparison, large farms see less severe credit contraction, and in some cases may even see improvement in funding. While small banks carry the burden of continuing to lend to small farms, their limited market share cannot compensate for the reduction of lending from medium and large banks. These results suggest that factors such as farm size and bank type can amplify the financial impact of climate change. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2409.19463 |
| By: | Lakhan, Calvin |
| Abstract: | Illegal dumping, the unauthorized disposal of waste in public spaces, poses significant environmental, social, and economic challenges, particularly in Ontario, Canada. This study investigates the drivers behind illegal dumping, with a focus on rural and urban communities in Ontario. Using a mixed-methods approach, including household surveys and interviews, we examine self-reported instances of dumping, attitudes towards waste management, and perceived barriers to legal waste disposal. The results reveal that inadequate waste collection infrastructure, particularly in rural areas, and high disposal costs are primary motivators for illegal dumping. Additionally, a lack of awareness regarding proper disposal methods exacerbates the issue. While most respondents recognize the immorality of illegal dumping, rural participants show less guilt and are more likely to engage in the behavior. The study provides actionable insights for policymakers, including the need for improved waste infrastructure, targeted educational campaigns, and increased enforcement efforts. By addressing these key factors, Ontario can mitigate the environmental and public health risks posed by illegal dumping, while fostering a culture of responsible waste disposal. |
| Date: | 2024–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:hetz3 |
| By: | Gianluigi Nico; Thanh Hai Nguyen; Annabelle Bladon; Anna Ducros; Nga Thi Nguyen |
| Abstract: | Vietnam’s fisheries sector faces complex challenges, requiring a multifaceted approach for resolution. Fishing capacity in coastal, inland, and offshore fisheries should be reduced to rebuild fish stocks. Additionally, measures are needed to address the vulnerabilities of workers, such as income instability and health risks due to climate impacts and regulations. This necessitates coordinated efforts across various government levels and ministries. Social assistance, social insurance, and active labor market programs can enable and incentivize households to engage in more sustainable practices and more resilient livelihoods. Leveraging digitalization can improve data sharing and registration processes, thereby facilitating the extension of social protection to informal workers who present majority among fishery households. Furthermore, this integration of databases can enhance fisheries management through better-informed decision-making which is vital for sustainable development in Vietnam’s fisheries industry. |
| Date: | 2024–06–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:hdnspu:193886 |
| By: | Sandra Eickmeier; Luba Petersen |
| Abstract: | Central banks, including the European Central Bank (ECB), are increasingly involved in climate-related initiatives. This study uses a June 2023 survey of German households to gauge public support for the ECB’s climate engagement. Our findings reveal that 69% of households report increased trust in the ECB due to its climate actions, with most noting a mild boost in trust. These households primarily value the ECB’s broader scope and concern. A minority, comprising 17% and 20% respectively of all households, express concerns about potential compromises to price stability or independence. In contrast, a larger group (23% of all households) believes that the ECB’s climate efforts help the institution better achieve its core objectives. Additionally, our analysis of an information intervention reveals that the ECB’s climate actions have minimal effect on overall household inflation expectations. Finally, an internal survey of central bankers reveals that while they accurately gauge the ECB’s climate activities’ effect on households’ trust, they tend to overestimate their impact on inflation expectations. In sum, our results indicate public endorsement of the ECB’s climate-related endeavors. |
| Keywords: | central bank trust, central bank credibility, inflation expectations, cli-mate change, green policies, survey, central bank communication, uncertainty |
| JEL: | E7 E59 C93 D84 |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:een:camaaa:2024-62 |
| By: | Prem, Chand; Kumara TM, Kiran; Pal, Suresh; Naik, Kalu |
| Abstract: | Sustainable development of agriculture is essential to achieve the multiple goals of improving food and nutrition security, improving farmers’ income, and reducing poverty, especially in developing countries like India where agriculture is the main source of livelihood for millions of small-scale producers. Hence, understanding the dimensions and indicators of sustainability is important for targeting technologies and policies for ensuring inter-general equity in agriculture. Considering several dimensions and indicators related to soil health, water management, ecology, and socioeconomic conditions this study has constructed composite indices of agricultural sustainability for major states of India. These indices will aid policymakers to identify weak linkages in agricultural development at a spatial scale, and accordingly take corrective actions. |
| Keywords: | Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, Production Economics, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Sustainability |
| Date: | 2024–01–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:icar24:344993 |
| By: | Pelli , Martino (Asian Development Bank); Tschopp , Jeanne (University of Bern) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores how school-age exposure to storms impacts the education and primary activity status of young adults in India. Using a cross-sectional cohort study based on wind exposure histories, we find evidence of a significant deskilling of areas vulnerable to climate change-related risks. Specifically, our results show a 2.4 percentage point increase in the probability of accruing educational delays, a 2 percentage point decline in post-secondary education achievement, and a 1.6 percentage point reduction in obtaining regular salaried jobs. Additionally, our study provides evidence that degraded school infrastructure and declining household income contribute to these findings. |
| Keywords: | climate change; storms; education; human capital |
| JEL: | I25 O12 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024–10–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0743 |
| By: | Jesús Fernández-Villaverde (University of Pennsylvania, CEPR and NBER); Kenneth T. Gillingham (Yale University and NBER); Simon Scheidegger (University of Lausanne and E4S) |
| Abstract: | There is a rapidly advancing literature on the macroeconomics of climate change. This review focuses on developments in the construction and solution of structural integrated assessment models (IAMs), highlighting the marriage of state-of-the-art natural science with general equilibrium theory. We discuss challenges in solving dynamic stochastic IAMs with sharp nonlinearities, multiple regions, and multiple sources of risk. Key innovations in deep learning and other machine learning approaches overcome many computational challenges and enhance the accuracy and relevance of policy findings. We conclude with an overview of recent applications of IAMs and key policy insights. |
| Keywords: | Climate change, integrated assessment model, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium |
| JEL: | C61 E27 Q5 Q51 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024–09–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pen:papers:24-024 |
| By: | Akinsete, Ebun; Guittard, Alice; Koundouri, Phoebe; Papadaki, Lydia |
| Abstract: | This paper captures an ongoing joint initiative which spans three EU-funded projects active within the Black Sea region, each utilising living labs to support the overall development of the Blue Economy in a sustainable manner. The Black Sea is a complex resource-rich socio-ecological ecosystem nestled within a dynamic geo-political space, thus providing both fundamental challenges and great opportunities within the Blue Economy sectors. Each of the projects adopts diverse yet complimentary focii in terms of stakeholder groups, geographic location, thematic focus and level of governance. The paper outlines the overarching methodology of Systems Innovation implemented by the initiative, before presenting each project and the activities undertaken therein. The paper concludes on the potential implications held by emerging findings, both methodological and thematic, on the sustainable development of the Blue Economy and related policy in the region. |
| Keywords: | Living Labs, Co-creation, Blue Economy, Black Sea, Systems Approaches |
| JEL: | P4 Z1 |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122010 |
| By: | Birthal, Pratap S.; Hazrana, Jaweriah; Saxena, Raka |
| Abstract: | Since 2011-12, India’s livestock sector has experienced an unparalleled growth of about 8%, contributing more than 50% to agricultural growth. Given the concentration of livestock resources among smallholders, and the high-income elasticity of demand for animal-source foods, the faster growth in the livestock sector may contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of zero hunger, no poverty, and improved nutritional security. Nevertheless, there is apprehension regarding the sustainability of the recent growth in the livestock sector in the absence of appropriate policy and institutional support. The growth may come under a confluence of pressures, including scarcity of feeds, fodders and water, climate change, and poor delivery of livestock services and information. To an extent, these constraints can be lessened by the timely provision of the right kind of information on animal health, nutrition, breeding, and management, which, in turn, can improve animal productivity by about 15%, indicate findings of this study. Livestock extension in India remains underdeveloped to meet the diverse information needs of livestock farmers. Extension activities account for hardly 2% of the total spending on livestock sector. In this context, it is imperative to enhance the outreach of the public extension system, and strengthen institutional arrangements for the effective delivery of information and services, capitalizing on the existing cooperative network of dairy cooperatives and public-private partnership. |
| Keywords: | Livestock Production/Industries, Productivity Analysis |
| Date: | 2023–03–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:icar24:344985 |
| By: | Francesca Checchinato (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Vladi Finotto (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Christine Mauracher (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Monica Plechero (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice) |
| Abstract: | Many voices in the policy debate concur on the need to accelerate the green and digital transitions of businesses to build sustainable and competitive regional economies. Academic research on the topic is still in its early stages and the twin transition remains ill-defined. Using novel data on the food sector in an Italian region, the paper provides insights into the barriers that a twin transition perspective may encounter at both the firm and systemic levels to become a means to support new sustainable development trajectories. The analysis highlights that a weak twin transition evolution is due to the peculiarities of how green and digital perspectives are normally addressed and operationalized within Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and along their network of local support. We maintain that triggering an effective and more impactful twin transition regional path requires aligning more strategically the green and digital initiatives within the companies. Moreover, we maintain that surrounding systems of stakeholders and policymakers need to develop supporting strategies and initiatives informed by a thorough understanding of local SMEs characteristics, sectoral specificities, and peculiar problems of misalignment. |
| Keywords: | twin transition; misalignment; Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, food industry; regional development |
| JEL: | R11 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vnm:wpdman:213 |
| By: | Thi Ngoc Nguyen; Felix Muesgens |
| Abstract: | The continued transition towards electric mobility will decrease energy tax revenues worldwide, which has substantial implications for government funds. At the same time, demand for transportation is ever increasing, which in turn increases congestion problems. Combining both challenges, this paper assesses the effectiveness of congestion pricing as a sustainable revenue stream to offset fuel tax loss in 2030 while simultaneously enhancing efficiency in the transport sector. A congestion-based toll that is road-and-time-variant is simulated for the greater Berlin area in Germany using the multi-agent transport simulation (MATSim) software. Through the simulation results, this paper quantifies the impacts of the toll on the governmental revenue, traffic management, environment, social welfare, and the distribution effects. We find that the revenue from congestion tolls in a metropolitan area can compensate the reduction in passenger car fuel tax. Furthermore, a remarkable welfare surplus is observed. The toll also successfully incentivises transport users to adjust their travel behaviour, which reduces traffic delay time by 28%. CO2 emissions as a key metric for decarbonisation of the transport sector decrease by more than 5%. The analysis of the distribution effects suggests that a redistribution plan with a focus on the middle-low-income residents and the outer boroughs could help the policy gain more public acceptance. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2409.20033 |
| By: | Pierre Jacquemot (Fondation Jean Jaurès) |
| Abstract: | Africa faces depletion of its marine fisheries resources. The role of the fisheries sector in feeding the African continent is considerable: 22% of available animal protein comes from marine and freshwater products, and more than 50% in some African countries, particularly in North and West Africa. Fisheries and related activities not only provide food, but also jobs for 12 million people, and generate income for governments and communities alike. But the outlook is pessimistic. Overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, and the poorly controlled exploitation of fish stocks by export-oriented meal and oil industries are leaving heavy consequences in their wake. How can we reverse these trends? By adopting a sovereign and sustainable fisheries policy that addresses two main concerns: 1/ respecting a level of catches at sea that is compatible with the reproductive needs of fish stocks; 2/ imposing sufficient landings for processing to ensure the best possible local and regional food supply. |
| Abstract: | L'Afrique face à l'épuisement de ses ressources de la pêche maritime. Le rôle du secteur halieutique dans l'alimentation du continent africain est considérable : 22 % des protéines animales disponibles viennent des produits de la mer et des eaux douces et plus de 50 % dans certains pays africains, en particulier en Afrique du Nord et de l'Ouest. Les pêches et leurs activités connexes fournissent non seulement de la nourriture, mais aussi des emplois à 12 millions de personnes, et génèrent des revenus pour les États comme pour les communautés. Mais les perspectives sont pessimistes. La surpêche, la pêche illégale, non déclarée et non réglementée et l'exploitation mal contrôlée des stocks de poissons par des industries de farine et d'huile tournées vers l'exportation laissent de lourdes conséquences dans leur sillage. Comment opérer un retournement de ces tendances ? En adoptant une politique souveraine et durable de la pêche répondant à deux préoccupations principales : 1/ respecter un niveau des captures en mer compatible avec les besoins de reproduction du potentiel halieutique ; 2/ imposer des débarquements à terre destinés à la transformation suffisants pour assurer la meilleure couverture alimentaire locale et régionale. |
| Keywords: | Afrique, Pêche, Ressources maritime, Accords de pêche |
| Date: | 2024–09–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04703863 |
| By: | Lécureur, Clairelou |
| Abstract: | Ce premier numéro des Enseignements du Lab apporte une lecture transversale des résultats de quatre projets collectifs liés à la transition écologique dans les quartiers populaires. Il se concentre sur la dimension sociologique de la crise climatique, et plus particulièrement sur les inégalités environnementales. Le lien entre enjeux environnementaux et inégalités n’est pas nouveau, mais il est de plus en plus étudié, notamment à travers le prisme des quartiers populaires. En effet, on observe une fragilité accrue des habitants des zones de concentration urbaine de populations à bas revenus aux conséquences du dérèglement climatique. Et ce, alors qu’ils y contribuent, par leur consommation, le moins. Après avoir présenté le contexte spécifique et le potentiel des quartiers populaires pour contribuer à la transition sociale et écologique, cette publication répond à la question suivante : quelles actions sont envisageables dans les quartiers populaires pour faire face aux inégalités environnementales et aller vers plus de justice environnementale ? |
| Date: | 2024–09–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:4jqy7 |
| By: | Losert, Jakob; Paetzold, Jörg; Liebensteiner, Mario; Necker, Sarah; Neumeier, Florian; Wichert, Sebastian |
| JEL: | R12 R41 R42 R48 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc24:302337 |
| By: | Salvatore Russo (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice) |
| Abstract: | Context. Public healthcare organizations (PHOs) have recently been involved in measures to promote sustainability and bear witness to their work. Hence, accounting has become a handy tool for reporting and informing stakeholders. Aims. From a theoretical perspective, the paper focuses on the analysis of sustainability factors in public healthcare organizations. Considering the current gap in the literature on the application of sustainability measures in the health sector, the paper aims to offer an advancement in this field and to put forward a proposal for the construction of a possible sustainability reporting model capable of reporting on the public value created. In particular, it investigates how sustainability practices can influence the accounting aspects and are declined through actions aimed at balancing different levels ranging from governance to social and environmental factors. Methodology. The paper consists of two parts, one on a theoretical basis and the other on an empirical basis. The theoretical basis includes a literature review for constructing a framework related to sustainability advancement in healthcare. The second part is devoted to a case study of building a sustainability report in a public hospital. Results. A sustainability report, with its stakeholder-centred approach and materiality analysis, can help to understand the needs and improve communication with patients, their families, employees, society and institutions. This is even more accurate for the hospitals that integrate research and teaching into the assistance activity and, consequently, must also interface with the needs of prominent stakeholders such as universities. Sustainability reporting also allows for better management of environmental, social, and governance risks, granting a deeper understanding of the impact of its internal processes and strategies and creating a corporate culture intended as a “real” emancipatory change in thinking and performing activities. |
| Keywords: | Sustainability Reporting, Healthcare, Accountability |
| JEL: | M41 H75 H83 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vnm:wpdman:209 |
| By: | Michele Andrea Tagliavini (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice) |
| Abstract: | This study explores the topic of entrepreneurial ecosystems for coastal regeneration by combining an analysis of relevant literature with the experiences lived within the European project Bauhaus of the Seas Sails, in particular relating to the development of a key framework called "Territorial Identity Card”, a tool designed to capture the essence of each coastal territory. By identifying ten key parameters common to the seven cities involved, this tool serves to guide the development of future strategies. Although the overall goal of the research is to define a sound strategy to promote sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems in coastal regions, this paper focuses primarily on the preliminary phase of the research, laying the groundwork for subsequent in-depth analysis. This working paper serves as a compass, charting the course for future research efforts to translate key insights into actionable strategies. |
| Keywords: | Urban and territorial regeneration, entrepreneurial ecosystems, innovation, sustainability, inclusion, coastal areas, replication |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vnm:wpdman:210 |
| By: | Marc-Antoine Dolet (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Caroline Paire (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Foued Cheriet (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, IHEV Institut des hautes études de la vigne et du vin - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier); Oliver Geffroy (PPGV - Physiologie, Pathologie et Génétique Végétales - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse); Yves Y. Le Fur (CSGA - Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] - UB - Université de Bourgogne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Dijon - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Hervé Hannin (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, IHEV Institut des hautes études de la vigne et du vin - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier); Alain Samsom (PECH ROUGE - Unité Expérimentale de Pech-Rouge - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, SPO - Sciences Pour l'Oenologie - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Soline Caillé (SPO - Sciences Pour l'Oenologie - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Sylvain Nougarède (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Valérie Olivier-Salvagnac (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Christian Chervin (LRSV - Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT - Université de Toulouse - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse) |
| Abstract: | This article investigates the beginning of the adoption of a new generation of "resistant" grapevine varieties (RVs) in France, in a European context in which varietal innovation has become more and more dynamic over the last thirty years. Today, there is a growing interest in this plant material, because it constitutes a lever for adaptation to the combined impacts of climate change and fungal diseases in vineyards. Based on data from the French digital vineyard register (CVI: "casier viticole informatisé"), this paper provides RV maps of leading regions, as well as less involved ones, which show the implantation of these varieties. |
| Keywords: | grape variety, disease-resistant hybrid, wine |
| Date: | 2024–09–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04709331 |
| By: | Nanna Fukushima; Stephanie von Hinke; Emil N. S{\o}rensen |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the effects of the staggered roll-out of a pollution reduction programme introduced in the UK in the 1950s. The policy allowed local authorities to introduce so-called Smoke Control Areas (SCAs) which banned smoke emissions. We start by digitizing historical pollution data to show that the policy led to an immediate reduction in black smoke concentrations. We then merge data on the exact location, boundary and month of introduction of SCAs to individual-level outcomes in older age using individuals' year-month and location of birth. We show that exposure to the programme increased individuals' birth weights as well as height in adulthood. We find no impact on their years of education or fluid intelligence. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2409.11839 |
| By: | Béatrice Siadou-Martin (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier); Fatiha Fort (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Gilles Séré de Lanauze (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier) |
| Keywords: | consommation, marketing, alimentation, consommateur, label, emballage, transition écologique, consommation durable |
| Date: | 2024–09–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04699712 |
| By: | Evaluator 2 |
| Abstract: | Evaluation of "Water Treatment and Child Mortality: A Meta-analysis and Cost-effectiveness Analysis" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:e2watertreatment |
| By: | Abdel Ghany, Jasmin; Wilde, Joshua K.; Dimitrova, Anna; Kashyap, Ridhi; Muttarak, Raya |
| Abstract: | Human sex ratios at birth (SRBs) shape population composition and are closely linked to maternal health and gender discrimination. In the context of climate change, SRBs may theoretically be skewed by physiological or behavioral responses to exposure to global warming. However, evidence for this is limited. In this study, we estimate the effect of prenatal exposure to temperature on birth sex by linking survey data on 5 million live births in 33 sub-Saharan African countries and India with high-resolution temperature data. To distinguish between spontaneous and induced abortions, we exploit sociodemographic differentials, exposure timing, and regional differences in son preference. We find that days with a maximum temperature above 20°C are negatively associated with male births in both regions. In sub-Saharan Africa, we observe fewer male births after high first trimester temperature exposure, consistent with increased spontaneous abortions from maternal heat stress. This is particularly true for births by mothers in rural areas, with little formal education, and for higher birth orders. By contrast, in India we find second trimester temperature exposure is associated with fewer male births, consistent with reductions in induced sex-selective abortions against girls. As expected, these reductions are concentrated in higher birth orders and older mothers. We also find large reductions in male births by sonless mothers in northern Indian states, where son preference is greater. These findings demonstrate that climate change harms maternal health, increases prenatal mortality, and reduces engagement with the health system, leading to a complex effect on sex ratios at birth. |
| Date: | 2024–09–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:wj7ke |
| By: | Evaluator 1 |
| Abstract: | Evaluation of "Biodiversity Risk" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:e1biodiversityrisk |
| By: | Evaluator 2 |
| Abstract: | Evaluation of "Biodiversity Risk" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:e2biodiversityrisk |
| By: | Edoardo Masset; Hugh Sharma Waddington |
| Abstract: | Evaluation of "Water Treatment and Child Mortality: A Meta-analysis and Cost-effectiveness Analysis" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:e1watertreatment |
| By: | Franck Aggeri (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Google has seen its CO2 emissions jump by 48% in 5 years with its development of AI. While innovation is constantly celebrated, and the illusion of "green" growth based on high-tech perpetuates economic dogma, how can we innovate differently? Two avenues can be explored: projective responsibility, such as integrating ecological and human capital into financial accounting; and, at the same time, deepening the path of sufficiency. |
| Abstract: | Google a vu ses émissions de CO2 bondir de 48 % en 5 ans avec son développement de l'IA. Alors que l'innovation est constamment célébrée, que l'illusion de croissance « verte » fondée sur le high-tech perpétue le dogme économique, comment innover autrement ? Deux pistes : responsabilisation projective, comme intégrer les capitaux écologiques et humains dans la comptabilité financière ; et parallèlement approfondir la voie de la sobriété. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, Innovation responsable, innovation projective, croissance verte, sobriété |
| Date: | 2024–08–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04703009 |
| By: | Viktor Zinchenko (Institute of Higher Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv-city, Ukraine); Mykhailo Boichenko (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv) |
| Abstract: | Ecological approach gives new meaning to the original concept of economic rationality that was created by representatives of the Ukrainian school of physical economy – Serhii Podolinskyi (1850-1891), Volodymyr Vernadskyi (1863-1945) and Mykola Rudenko (1920-2004). It propose a theory of the sustainable development of mankind, which included an original version of thermodynamics, in which labor energy is the result of the transformation of solar energy. Humanity is gradually taking control of the changes in the balance of energy exchange between humanity and the rest of nature, and physical economics is a tool for discovering the limits of such control. The cycles of global energy transformation include cosmic, biological, social and spiritual stages, and the economy acts as the material basis and the place of concentration of these transformations. The threat of technogenic self-destruction of humanity actualizes the need to establish a dynamic and harmonious self-reproduction by humanity of these cycles. |
| Keywords: | Ukrainian philosophy of physical economy, Ecological approach, Global energy transformation, Energy balance in the economy, Economic rationality |
| Date: | 2024–09–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04698733 |
| By: | Franck Aggeri (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Promoted as a sustainable alternative to the linear economy, the circular economy is generating a lot of enthusiasm. Yet its results are disappointing. Unless there is strong circularity, based on the principles of sobriety, longer product lifetimes and the design of industrial and agro-ecological systems inspired by natural symbioses. |
| Abstract: | Promue comme alternative durable à l'économie linéaire, l'économie circulaire suscite un vif engouement. Ses résultats se révèlent pourtant décevants. À moins d'une circularité forte, fondée sur des principes de sobriété, d'allongement de la durée de vie des produits et de conception de systèmes industriels et agroécologiques inspirés des symbioses naturelles. |
| Keywords: | économie circulaire, Circularité, économie circulaire forte, sobriété |
| Date: | 2024–09–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04703000 |
| By: | Edoardo Masset; Hugh Sharma Waddington; Ryan Briggs; Evaluator 2 |
| Abstract: | Evaluation Summary and Metrics: "Water Treatment and Child Mortality: A Meta-analysis and Cost-effectiveness Analysis" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:evalsumwatertreatment |
| By: | Caroline Paire (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement); Marc-Antoine Dolet (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, LRSV - Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT - Université de Toulouse - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse); Hervé Hannin (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, IHEV Institut des hautes études de la vigne et du vin - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier); Alain Samsom (PECH ROUGE - Unité Expérimentale de Pech-Rouge - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, SPO - Sciences Pour l'Oenologie - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement - UM - Université de Montpellier); Valérie Olivier-Salvagnac (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, LRSV - Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT - Université de Toulouse - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse); Christian Chervin (AGIR - AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, LRSV - Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales - UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT - Université de Toulouse - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse); Oliver Geffroy (PPGV - Physiologie, Pathologie et Génétique Végétales - INP - PURPAN - Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan - Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) - UT - Université de Toulouse); Foued Cheriet (UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, IHEV Institut des hautes études de la vigne et du vin - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier) |
| Abstract: | Fungus tolerant grape varieties (RVs) are emerging as a promising solution in a viticultural context characterised by growing societal, environmental, and regulatory tensions. Since the 1930s, several countries have launched research programmes that aim at developing disease-resistant hybrids. Today, 66 resistant grape varieties are registered in at least one of the European catalogues. The historical overview and dynamic integration of RV have not been the subject of a large number of scientific articles. This makes it necessary to explore grey literature such as Vitisphère (www.vitisphere.com), a French daily online magazine created in 2000 specialised in wine industry. Through a press review, this article provides historical background to European breeding programmes and an overview of their perception in France and Occitanie, gathering over 543 articles on the topic of RVs published between 2009 and end June 2024. |
| Keywords: | grape variety, Disease-resistant hybrid, European breeding programme, wine |
| Date: | 2024–09–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04699298 |
| By: | Ben Balmford; Evaluator 1; Evaluator 2 |
| Abstract: | Evaluation Summary and Metrics: "Biodiversity Risk" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:evalsumbiodiversityrisk |
| By: | Anis Shami (Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France) |
| Keywords: | Non-financial Reporting Double Materiality Corporate Reporting External Sustainability Performance Assessment Ratings, Non-financial Reporting, Double Materiality, Corporate Reporting, External Sustainability Performance Assessment, Ratings |
| Date: | 2024–09–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04704651 |
| By: | Qu, Chunzi (Dept. of Business and Management Science, Norwegian School of Economics); Bang, Rasmus Noss (SNF - Centre for Applied Research at NHH); Sandal, Leif K. (Dept. of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven) |
| Abstract: | Europe is currently in the process of executing a strategy to increase the share of renewable energy in its electricity mix. However, concerns about energy system instability, higher transmission costs, and energy security have sparked discussions about the potential integration of alternative technologies, such as small modular nuclear reactors (SMR), which offer stable output and high flexibility. In view of the ongoing debate and the uncertainty surrounding the cost estimations of SMR, this study first attempts to establish a reference range for SMR that would ensure its economic viability for inclusion in the energy system. We then perform a comparison of European energy systems, with and without SMR, to explore how the inclu sion of SMR can impact the energy system. Lastly, we delve into learning effects to assess the potential for increased competitiveness in the future. Our results show that if the construction cost of SMR remains below 7392 euros/kw and operational cost does not exceed 230 euros/kw, SMR could become competitive and reduce overall energy system costs. This potential cost reduction arises from SMR’s ability to replace traditional large-scale nuclear power plants, which have high upfront and operating expenses, and to compete with variable renewable energy sources by lowering transmission cost. Furthermore, learning effects could enhance the competitiveness of SMR in the future, even if they currently lack a cost-related advantage. |
| Keywords: | European energy system; Small modular nuclear reactor (SMR); Optimization model; Generation mix; Transmission grid planning |
| JEL: | Q40 Q50 |
| Date: | 2024–09–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhhfms:2024_009 |
| By: | Riccardo Priore (Patlib Centre - Area Science Park, Trieste (Italy)); Marco Compagnoni (University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan (Italy)); Marinella Favot (Area Science Park, Trieste (Italy)) |
| Abstract: | The rare earth elements (REE) are currently essential enablers of the digital and decarbonization transitions. Nonetheless, their supply chain is highly concentrated and their extraction has high environmental impacts. Circular economy solutions could provide a twofold benefit, reducing the supply risk for import-dependent countries and mitigating REE mining impacts. This article focuses on REE recycling, providing a comprehensive, global overview of innovation dynamics in that sector by means of patent data. We propose a two-steps patent search methodology for the identification of REE recycling patents, based on OECD ENV-TECH classification for green technologies and keywords occurrence. Hence, we develop a series of quantitative and qualitative metrics to explore innovation dynamics at the country, applicant and technology type level. China clearly emerges as the most attractive market for REE recycling patents and Chinese universities as the most active applicants globally. Conversely, patent applications in all other countries registered stagnating trends over the last decade. In Europe, in particular, a lower number of patents are both filed and developed with respect to the US and Japan. However, patent quality indicators present a quite different picture, with US and Japanese applicants that seem to be at the technological forefront, receiving more citations and being more oriented to protect their inventions internationally. Therefore, our analysis underlines the importance of considering both quantitative and qualitative patent metrics when exploring innovation trends in REE recycling. We discuss the determinants of these observed phenomena and provide policy implications, particularly for countries dependent on REE imports. |
| Keywords: | innovation, patents, critical raw materials, rare earths, recycling, circular economy |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:srt:wpaper:0424 |
| By: | Gilles Paché (CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon) |
| Abstract: | Since October 2023, the Middle East has once again experienced a dramatic episode in its history, with an Israeli-Palestinian conflict following a bloody terrorist attack on Israeli territory by 3, 000 Hamas assailants. At the end of 2023, the Gaza Strip, at the heart of violent fighting, was experiencing a catastrophic situation for its population, leading many NGOs to speak of a major humanitarian crisis. While this is an essential issue, it should not conceal the possibility of a logistical and environmental crisis. This research note highlights the potential impacts of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, pointing out that they are most often common to all military conflicts. However, a few weeks after the October 2023 terrorist attack, the logistical crisis in global supply chains has been averted, while the environmental crisis is inevitable for the Gaza Strip. |
| Keywords: | environment, Gaza Strip, global supply chains, logistics, military conflict, terrorism, war damage |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04696631 |
| By: | Garbarino, Nicola; Möhrle, Sascha; Neumeier, Florian; von Schickfus, Marie-Theres |
| JEL: | G52 H23 H84 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc24:302399 |
| By: | Amit Garg; Kruti Upadhyay; Sanjay Kumar Jain |
| Abstract: | This study is an attempt to compare and contrast the existing sustainability-related frameworks – Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulations (SFDR) introduced by the European Union, Business responsibility and sustainability reporting (BRSR) introduced by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and the International Finance Corporation Performance Standards (IFC PS) developed by the International Finance Corporation. The content analysis method has been employed to gain an in-depth understanding of the indicators included in these frameworks. Our key findings suggest that SFDR is the most comprehensive of the three frameworks considered. The BRSR framework stops at the disclosures related to the business itself. However, the IFC PS is the most adaptable as compared to the other two frameworks considered for this study. |
| Date: | 2024–10–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:14717 |
| By: | Elena Bellio (Dept. of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Umberto Rosin (Dept. of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Francesco Casarin (Dept. of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice) |
| Abstract: | In the macro-area of contemporary tourism, the coastal one can count on a multiplicity of resources, not only natural, human and physical, but also cultural. Maritime museums have recently been recognized as an important lever for the sustainable development, in social and environmental term, of coastal areas and the maritime heritage can represent a significant component for their tourist attraction (Federica Appiotti, Filippo Magni, & Musco, 2019). In this panorama, the Mediterranean Countries occupy a position of particular importance, as the economic dependence on the coastal tourism sector is greater than in other parts of the world. Specifically, Italy, being in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, is rightfully among those countries that make a living from seaside tourism and witness its consequences. This research aims at deeply analysing Maritime Museums by adopting both the visitors and the management perspectives. Through an exploratory approach, this working paper lays the groundwork for identifying the key variables by which maritime museums face their challenges. In a prospective view, the research will like to foreshadow the identification of the most relevant factors related to performance indices. Activating a virtuous cycle between the museum specific features and the territory in which it is located, allows museums to create long-term, multi-dimensional and multi-stakeholder value. The research will adopt a multimethod approach by conducting three sequential studies. In order to develop the Euro-Mediterranean maritime museums classification framework, a careful review of the literature regarding museums is performed. The final sample is made of all the 221 Mediterranean Maritime Museums that are relevant for Mediterranean maritime traditions distributed in 13 countries. This working paper presents some preliminary results on the sub-set of the 131 Italian Maritime Museums. Data are collected between January and the beginning of March 2023 from the museums’ official websites and social platforms. What emerges, in conclusion, is that the connection between the local and the global, the past and the present, is to help in making museums as institutions able to communicate something to contemporary audiences. Thus, the study contributes to the literature on culture and value creation, by focusing on Mediterranean Maritime Museums, to provide suggestions for managers, scholars, policymakers, and practitioners alike. Findings are focusing on a specific category of cultural institution but can be easily extended to any other kind of museum. |
| Keywords: | maritime museums, value, business strategy, sustainable development, tourism |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vnm:wpdman:201 |
| By: | Choi, Dahyun; Lee, Kyuwon |
| Abstract: | Although there are public concerns about the declining capacity of regulatory agencies and its impact on regulatory outcomes, such decline could also lead regulated firms to disengage themselves from politics. We examine whether and how firms reduce their campaign contributions in response to decreases in state-level regulatory capacity. To do so, we collect original datasets on the workforce size of U.S. state environmental agencies and leverage variations in workforce shocks that arise from the gap between actual and appropriated workforce sizes. Our analysis reveals that state environmental agencies' workforce shocks decrease firms' donations to state legislators, particularly to those in the majority party and the Democratic party, but do not affect firms' contributions to their ideological allies. We also find that existing state-level restrictions on corporate donations do not moderate firms' political responsiveness. Overall, this article provides a nuanced picture of how diminishing regulatory capacity could shape corporate political activities. |
| Date: | 2024–09–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:ymqds |
| By: | Jean-Philippe Terreaux (UR ETTIS - Environnement, territoires en transition, infrastructures, sociétés - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | To buy, sell, trade or inherit a forest or plot of woodland, it is essential to know how to determine its value. However, this is a very specific, long-term investment, and we provide here the methods to know in order to estimate it oneself or to understand the assessments of experts. A number of questions are addressed in addition, applied numerically to maritime pine in the Landes de Gascogne: what is the minimum value at which land should be rented for solar farms? How can we take advantage of changes in timber prices? How do forests compare with other investment opportunities? What role does woodland play in a well-balanced portfolio? What is the impact of storm risk and fire risk? Or what is the value of eucalyptus, a highly productive but frost-damaged species? This book is aimed at forest owners, potential investors, engineers and forestry experts. 273 pages, 111 figures, 41 tables available on amazon.fr, amazon.com... format: 21.6 x 27.9 cm; 794 g. |
| Abstract: | Pour acheter, vendre, échanger, transmettre une forêt ou une parcelle forestière, savoir en déterminer la valeur est essentiel. Il s'agit pourtant d'un patrimoine, d'un investissement très particulier, de long terme, et nous donnons ici les méthodes à connaître pour estimer soi-même ou pour comprendre les avis d'experts. Différentes questions sont abordées en supplément, appliquées sur le plan numérique au pin maritime dans les Landes de Gascogne : à quelle valeur minimale doit-on louer le foncier pour l'implantation de fermes solaires ? Comment tirer profit de l'évolution des prix du bois ? Comment comparer la forêt à d'autres opportunités d'investissement ? Quelle est la place de la forêt dans un portefeuille bien équilibré ? Quel est l'impact du risque tempête, du risque incendie ? Comment évaluer les particularités de la fiscalité pesant sur les forêts ? ou encore : quel est l'intérêt de l'eucalyptus, une espèce très productive mais gélive ? Ce livre s'adresse à tout propriétaire forestier, investisseur potentiel, ingénieur ou expert forestier. 273 pages, 111 figures, 41 tableaux disponible sur amazon.fr, amazon.com… format : 21, 6 x 27, 9 cm ; 794 g |
| Date: | 2024–08–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04711805 |
| By: | Sandra Aguilar-Gomez; Nathaly M. Rivera |
| Abstract: | While airpollution is a significant global threat, its impactise specially pronounced in emerging nations.This review explores the recenteconomic literature on the diverse effects of airpollution in the Global South, emphasizing causal evidence. Webegin by examining regional challenges, such as indoor air pollution(IAP) and biomass burning, which are prevalent in Global South countries. Next, we synthesize the broad spectrum of health and non-health impacts associated with exposure to fine particulate matter and other pollutants.Our assessment reveals an increase in research to document these impacts in Global South contexts. Nonetheless, some challenges, such as an incomplete understanding of underlying mechanisms and regional data disparities, remain. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:udc:wpaper:wp561 |
| By: | Valérie Guichon (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc) |
| Abstract: | The "Service Design" experiment is a lever for change management, enabling the creation of a community of learners (teachers, staff and elected officials) through a systemic approach in order to make the transformation practices initiated within the framework of the @SPIRE project sustainable, towards an enabling organization. |
| Abstract: | L'expérimentation "Design de services" est un levier de la conduite du changement qui vise à créer par une approche systémique, une communauté d'apprenants (enseignants, personnels et élus) afin de rendre durables, les pratiques de la transformation, initiées dans le cadre du projet @SPIRE, vers une organisation capacitante. |
| Keywords: | Conduite du changement, Design de services, ergonomie organisationnelle, Management de Projet |
| Date: | 2024–09–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04697288 |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | The global productivity slowdown, characterised by a widespread deceleration in aggregate productivity growth rates, is a prevailing concern for policy makers and academics. In this context, this report summarises evidence on productivity growth and business dynamics, highlighting long-term trends and their drivers, as well as insights specific to the COVID-19 period, with relevant implications for future productivity and innovation. It underscores the role of productivity for employment and wages, and discusses challenges related to the digitalisation of the economy and the green transition. Additionally, it considers how the resurgence of industrial policies necessitates additional analysis to measure and coordinate government action. |
| Keywords: | Artificial intelligence, Business dynamism, COVID-19, Diffusion, Employment, Industrial policy, Innovation, Labour share, Productivity, Technological change |
| JEL: | J30 L10 O25 O30 O33 L52 |
| Date: | 2024–10–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaaa:2024/7-en |
| By: | Saoussane Srhir (EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie); Anicia Jaegler (Kedge BS - Kedge Business School); Jairo R Montoya‐torres (University of La Sabana = Universitad de la Sabana) |
| Abstract: | Industry 4.0 technologies are transforming supply chain management from a linear model to what is known as supply chain 4.0, where operations are integrated, and flows stream in multiple directions. The study aims to explore the attributes of Industry 4.0 technologies and their impact to drive sustainability values. The findings were generated after a systematic literature review of 71 articles on various sustainability dimensions and multiple Industry 4.0 technologies. The study provides a review of the most studied technologies in the sustainable supply chain context and categorizes their attributes as well as their relevance to sustainability. The results show that advances in technologies such as Blockchain and Internet of Things have increased the potential for supply chains to reach sustainability values. The study expands the existing literature and encourages businesses and the scientific community to investigate the power of Industry 4.0 technologies for sustainability. It presents limitations and directions for future research. |
| Keywords: | Blockchain, Industry 4.0, SCOR 12.0, supply chain 4.0, sustainability performance |
| Date: | 2023–01–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04706592 |
| By: | Chiara Mio (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Francesco Scarpa (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice); Elisa Trevisani (Dept. of Management, Venice School of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venice) |
| Abstract: | Given recent debate on the quality of sustainability disclosure and its determinants, this study examines the role of sustainability reporting assurance in improving the quality of sustainability reporting. Drawing from a sample of 111 companies listed in the EURO STOXX 600 and located in Italy, France and Spain - where sustainability reporting assurance is mandatory - we find that the quality of the sustainability assurance process generally enhances the quality of assured reports. In essence, a well-executed assurance process positively impacts on sustainability reports’ readability, completeness and standardization, thereby enhancing their overall quality. Our study has important implications for the literature on the quality of sustainability disclosure and the role of mandatory assurance, offering important insights for policy makers in light of the forthcoming implementation of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), which requires assurance of mandatory sustainability reports throughout Europe. |
| Keywords: | Sustainability reporting, Assurance, Quality, Non-financial disclosure. |
| JEL: | M14 M41 Q56 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vnm:wpdman:212 |
| By: | Bachmann, Ronald (RWI, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, IZA); Janser, Markus (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany); Lehmer, Florian (Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Nuremberg, Germany); Vonnahme, Christina (RWI) |
| Abstract: | "Using a text-mining approach applied to task descriptions of occupations together with worker-level administrative data, we explore the growth in the greenness of employment in Germany between 2012 and 2022. We first demonstrate that the greening of the labour market occurs both through an increase of green tasks and a decrease of brown tasks. Furthermore, the greening of occupations over time (“within-effect”) is at least as important for the overall greening of employment as shifting occupational employment shares (“between-effect”). Second, we show which occupations and which task types (brown or green) contribute most to the within-effect, and which worker flows are mainly responsible for the between-effect. Third, we investigate individual-level consequences of the greening of employment. We find that the employment prospects of foreign and of low-skilled workers are most at risk from the green transition, which may therefore increase existing labour-market inequalities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) |
| Keywords: | IAB-Beschäftigtenhistorik |
| JEL: | J23 J24 O33 Q55 R23 |
| Date: | 2024–09–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iab:iabdpa:202412 |
| By: | Luca Congiu (DEF, University of Rome "Tor Vergata"); Enrico Botta (OECD, Green Growth and Global Relations Division); Mariangela Zoli (CEIS & DEF, University of Rome "Tor Vergata") |
| Abstract: | The circular economy transition requires consumers to make further efforts in their waste disposal behaviors, by increasing waste sorting, repairing and reusing products, and reducing the amount of waste produced. The literature has identified several barriers to consumers’ adoption of these practices. In this paper, we posit that such barriers can be ultimately linked to well-known decisional biases and proceed to offer a review. In doing so, we categorize biases into “cognitive”, referring to deviations from normatively correct behavior, and “motivational”, encompassing behavior driven by desirability concerns. We also survey the existing behavioral policies addressing the identified biases, focusing on “nudges”, that is, interventions leveraging biases to improve welfare. In our review, we call attention to the importance of recognizing the relevant bias behind specific behaviors to identify the best interventions to implement. By offering a conceptual link between biases and circular economy practices, we also lay the groundwork for future experimental investigation. |
| Keywords: | cognitive bias, motivational bias, nudge, circular economy, second-hand, review |
| JEL: | D01 D04 D91 M31 |
| Date: | 2024–10–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rtv:ceisrp:583 |
| By: | Fructuoso Borrallo (BANCO DE ESPAÑA); Lucía Cuadro-Sáez (BANCO DE ESPAÑA); Corinna Ghirelli (BANCO DE ESPAÑA); Javier J. Pérez (BANCO DE ESPAÑA) |
| Abstract: | This paper challenges the prevailing assumption that the intensification of the weather phenomena known as El Niño and La Niña generally exert upward and downward pressures, respectively, on international food commodity prices that, in turn, affect consumer prices even in distant jurisdictions such as Europe. As regards the first point, we show that there are nuances that have to do with composition effects (the type of commodity) and sample periods (more recent decades present a different frequency of weather events, with producers having adopted mitigation strategies over time), in such a way that the impact is weaker nowadays and, in some cases, may even change sign (for some commodities, depending on the period of reference). With regard to the second point, and focusing on consumer price inflation in the euro area and its four largest constituent countries (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain), we show that it is crucial to account for the mitigating and sample-period-specific role of domestic agricultural policies (in the euro area, the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy, CAP). To carry out our analysis, we construct a detailed database for the 1970–2023 period and use a local projections empirical framework. Among other results, we show that when using a sample period that starts at the time of the creation of the euro area (in the late 1990s), an intensification of El Niño actually decreases euro area headline inflation by about 0.3 percentage points (pp) after 12 months, while La Niña increases it by 0.6 pp over the same horizon. We explain our results on the basis of the aforementioned factors: composition effects, sample periods, and the CAP. |
| Keywords: | El Niño, La Niña, food prices, euro area inflation |
| JEL: | C32 F62 F64 O13 Q54 |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bde:wpaper:2432 |
| By: | Anjeela Khurram (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics); Uzma Zia (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics) |
| Abstract: | ntroduction:Global energy consumption is on the rise, and Pakistan is no exception. Since 2000, primary energy consumption in Pakistan has increased from 484 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2000 to 1071 TWh in 2021[2]. The textile industry in Pakistan is one of the largest electricity consumers, making it a promising candidate for energy efficiency measures. The textile sector is a significant contributor to Pakistan’s economy. More than 61% of Pakistan’s total exports are textile and apparel, and the sector directly employs about 40% of the nations industrial labor force.[3] The sectors contribution to GDP is about 8.5%. This knowledge brief discusses a sustainable solution for managing the increasing energy demand in Pakistans industrial sector, notably in the textile industry. The textile industry has undoubtedly made considerable progress in reducing energy consumption by adopting various measures such as installing smart meters[4], optimizing thermal utilization, introducing fuel economy standards, implementing controls to lessen compressed air leaks, and improving electrical motor maintenance. Despite the advancements made, this sector still has a considerable amount of energy-saving potential, which can lead to significant cost savings. |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pid:kbrief:2024:127 |
| By: | N. S. Gonchar |
| Abstract: | A complete description of taxation systems that ensure sustainable economic development is given. These tax systems depend on production technologies and gross output volumes. Explicit formulas for such dependencies are found. In a sustainable economy, the value added either exceeds or is strictly less than the value of the product produced. The latter is determined by the tax system. The concept of perfect taxation systems is introduced and their explicit form is found. For perfect taxation systems, it is proved that the vector of gross output should belong to the interior of the cone formed by the vectors of the columns of the total cost matrix. It is shown that under perfect taxation systems the vector of gross output must satisfy a certain system of linear homogeneous equations. It is shown, that under certain conditions there are tax systems under which certain industries require subsidies for their existence. Under such taxation systems, the industries that require subsidies are identified. The family of all non negative solutions of the system of linear equations and inequalities is constructed, which allowed us to formulate a criterion for describing all equilibrium states in which partial clearing of markets occurs. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2410.00505 |
| By: | Jahedi, Monika; Minhaz, Kakoli; Gupta, Shittak; Sen, Topon |
| Abstract: | This paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted economic and social forces that have shaped Bangladesh's developmental trajectory, tracing its journey from pre-independence stagnation through post-war recovery to its emergence as a resilient and increasingly successful nation in South Asia. The transformation of Bangladesh from a war-ravaged, least-developed country to an upper-middle-income economy stands as a remarkable case study within development economics. Key elements examined include the macroeconomic policy framework, trade and investment climate, agricultural technological advancements, and remittance inflows. On the social front, the analysis encompasses demographic trends, education, healthcare, gender dynamics, and the impact of accelerated urbanization. Additionally, the persistent challenges of poverty, inequality, environmental degradation, and governance are addressed, alongside the critical need for technological innovation. Through this in-depth exploration of key determinants, the paper illuminates the policies that have underpinned Bangladesh's past economic growth and outlines the strategic measures required to sustain and amplify its future development. |
| Keywords: | Bangladesh; Economic Development; Society; History; Economy |
| JEL: | A1 B0 E3 E5 F0 G0 N0 O1 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122171 |
| By: | O'Connor, Ruth; Sanchez, Emerson; Bice, Sara; Jones, Kirsty; Henderson, Hayley |
| Abstract: | There is a growing need to maximise the social benefits achieved from public investment in infrastructure, particularly with the transition to net zero economies. Project Delivery Models (PDMs)—the contractual agreements that set out roles and responsibilities for infrastructure project partners—can underpin the delivery of social benefits, yet the processes involving their selection are largely opaque. In this paper we explore how social considerations inform PDM selection and how this is facilitated by policy. We interviewed highly experienced procurement professionals from the sector about how social benefits and risks are considered. We also examined how the associated regulatory environment supports social considerations through documentary analysis of auditing guidance documents. We found that not only are social benefits sidelined in early project decisions, but social risks are inadequately considered. An entrenched gap in social expertise contributes to this situation while project compartmentalisation presents challenges for inclusion and transparency in decision-making. Current auditing processes provide little incentive for social benefit consideration and reinforce both risk framing and compartmentalisation of major infrastructure projects. The paper offers new and important insights into this early project stage and distils five recommendations for improving social benefit creation from infrastructure investments, particularly in developed economies. |
| Date: | 2024–09–29 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:6n9qy |
| By: | Katsuhito Nohara; Masaki Narukawa; Akira Hibiki |
| Abstract: | Coral reefs face a critical crisis worldwide because of rising ocean temperature, excessive use of resources, and red soil erosion. As reefs have great recreational and tourism value, the degradation of their quality may have a significant effect on tourism. This study employs a contingent behavior approach to estimate the effect of reef extinction on the recreational demand for Kume Island, Okinawa, Japan. We propose a Poisson-inverse Gaussian (PIG) model with correction for on-site sampling issues to derive a more accurate estimate of consumer surplus. The results show that the annual consumer surplus per person trip is 5, 898 yen (US$ 49.15 in 2015 currency) according to the random-effects PIG model. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:toh:tupdaa:54 |
| By: | Edurne Magro Montero (Orkestra - Basque Institute of Competitiveness); James R. Wilson (Orkestra - Basque Institute of Competitiveness); Mari Jose Aranguren (Orkestra - Basque Institute of Competitiveness) |
| Abstract: | The concept of smart specialisation strategies (S3) has dominated the regional policy panorama in the last decade, which implied a shift from neutral and horizontal regional innovation policies towards priority setting in research and innovation. Despite the focus of S3 on research and innovation, we can find some similarities between these strategies and the literature around new industrial policy. The socioeconomic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need to adopt a broader view of innovation and industrial policy in which the intertwined green and digital transitions should play a core role. However, this is not an easy task as it implies changes in policy rationales, new instruments, a more entrepreneurial role for government, and a broader, multi-domain and longer-term consideration of intertwined industrial and innovation strategies, among other issues. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the nexus of industrial policies and S3, and the potential that their combination offers for sustainable transitions in the context of experiences in the Basque Country. |
| Date: | 2022–11–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ivc:wpaper:2022r02 |
| By: | David Reinstein; Evaluator 1; Ben Balmford |
| Abstract: | Evaluation Summary and Metrics: "Does Conservation Work in General Equilibrium" for The Unjournal. |
| Date: | 2024–07–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bjn:evalua:evalsumconservationequilibrium |
| By: | Anthony Bouvier (Laboratoire de recherche Magellan - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon); Sonia Capelli (Laboratoire de Recherche Magellan - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon) |
| Abstract: | Contribution à l'étude de l'effet de l'entropie perçue des emballages destinés à être réutilisésRésumé : La réduction de la consommation d'emballages passe par la réutilisation de ces derniers. Cette communication mobilise le concept d'entropie perçue d'un emballage pour expliquer sa réutilisation. Nous proposons que le niveau d'entropie de l'emballage est influencé par le matériau de l'emballage et la présence de messages incitant à la réutilisation. Nous menons une étude exploratoire via 10 entretiens semi-directifs. D'une part, les résultats montrent que les textes apposés sur les emballages améliorent l'entropie perçue et détériorent l'intention de ré-utilisation. D'autre part, le matériau utilisé produit des niveaux d'entropie différents et influence l'intention de ré-utilisation lorsqu'il focalise le répondant sur le passé ou le futur de l'objet. |
| Keywords: | entropy, reusability, material, sustainability, Packaging, emballage, entropie, ré-utilisation, matériau, durabilité |
| Date: | 2024–06–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04695503 |
| By: | Corey Lang; Kevin Nakolan; David Rapson; Reid Taylor |
| Abstract: | Inattention can lead to suboptimal investment in energy efficiency. We study whether electricity bill shocks draw attention to the benefits of home energy efficiency investments. Our novel identification strategy builds on the fact that prolonged extreme weather events (which raise electricity costs for many customers) fall within a single billing cycle for some customers but are split across cycles for others. We find that households exposed to average sized bill shocks are 22 percent more likely to invest in energy efficiency than households with normal bills. This result suggests that inattention is indeed a factor in residential energy decisions and utilities may be able to leverage bill shocks to promote efficiency investments. |
| JEL: | Q40 Q50 D12 |
| Date: | 2024–09–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:feddwp:98834 |
| By: | Pierre Jacquemot |
| Abstract: | Le rôle du secteur halieutique dans l’alimentation du continent africain est considérable : 22 % des protéines animales disponibles viennent des produits de la mer et des eaux douces et plus de 50 % dans certains pays africains, en particulier en Afrique du Nord et de l’Ouest. Les pêches et leurs activités connexes fournissent non seulement de la nourriture, mais aussi des emplois à 12 millions de personnes, et génèrent des revenus pour les États comme pour les communautés. Mais les perspectives sont pessimistes. La surpêche, la pêche illégale, non déclarée et non réglementée et l’exploitation mal contrôlée des stocks de poissons par des industries de farine et d’huile tournées vers l’exportation laissent de lourdes conséquences dans leur sillage. Comment opérer un retournement de ces tendances ? En adoptant une politique souveraine et durable de la pêche répondant à deux préoccupations principales : 1/respecter un niveau des captures en mer compatible avec les besoins de reproduction du potentiel halieutique ; 2/ imposer des débarquements à terre destinés à la transformation suffisants pour assurer la meilleure couverture alimentaire locale et régionale. |
| Date: | 2024–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:ppaper:pb35-24 |
| By: | Ramírez, Telma I. |
| Abstract: | El control de la gestión pública marca una importancia creciente en la administración de los entes públicos, como proceso que consiste en controlar las acciones, a través de las cuales se alcanzarán los objetivos planteados por la institución; es el proceso de verificación de los resultados, para demostrar que las políticas o acciones tomadas se corresponden con los objetivos, y en caso contrario aplicar las medidas correctivas necesarias. La implementación de acciones orientadas a alcanzar una administración pública cuyo objetivo central sea el logro de resultados tendientes a mejorar la calidad e impacto de las políticas, así como los niveles de eficiencia, eficacia y efectividad, supone la evaluación constante de la gestión pública, los resultados y metas. En la moderna administración pública se hace urgente la concientización acerca de la importancia de capacitar al funcionario en el control de gestión como práctica de evaluación continua de los objetivos, metas y medición de resultados. Es necesario la formación de gestores con capacidad creadora. La gestión pública demanda instrumentos que permitan ampliar el campo de análisis para evaluar la actividad realizada, el qué y el cómo, para la puesta en práctica de una administración que toma en consideración los indicadores de evaluación para mejorar las actuaciones que se realizan desde los entes gubernamentales. El análisis de los resultados de cada indicador permitirá, entre otras cosas, comparar lo realizado con respecto a lo programado, cuantificar la diferencia, analizar las posibles causas y rediseñar las acciones. Es la función que asegura que las cosas marchen como es debido, pues vigila el desempeño comparándolo con las metas establecidas. Por tanto, señala Guinart (2003: 3) que "supervisar e informar sobre el desempeño de las actuaciones públicas es una de las formas en las que los gobiernos se presentan responsables ante sus ciudadanos". Asimismo el control de la gestión pública marca una importancia creciente en la administración de los entes públicos, como proceso tendiente a la mejora en la atención de la población a la que debe atender el estado en función de las políticas públicas que el mismo establece. El objetivo del presente trabajo es poner de relieve la importancia del cambio de paradigma sobre la gestión pública y la necesidad de asegurar indicadores que se ajusten y faciliten el control del cumplimiento eficaz de las políticas públicas que cada Estado ejecuta. La formación de funcionarios capaces de asignar y ejecutar eficazmente los recursos asignados a través del análisis sistemático de los indicadores de gestión, facilitan los procesos de mejora que se generan al interior de los entes públicos. Finalmente se considerarán los modos de implementación y ejecución de los indicadores a nivel global, nacional, provincial y local. |
| Keywords: | Gestión Pública; Políticas Públicas; Control; Indicadores; |
| Date: | 2024–03–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nmp:nuland:4183 |
| By: | Xiang Li; Lan Zhao; Junhao Ren; Yajuan Sun; Chuan Fu Tan; Zhiquan Yeo; Gaoxi Xiao |
| Abstract: | Effective information gathering and knowledge codification are pivotal for developing recommendation systems that promote circular economy practices. One promising approach involves the creation of a centralized knowledge repository cataloguing historical waste-to-resource transactions, which subsequently enables the generation of recommendations based on past successes. However, a significant barrier to constructing such a knowledge repository lies in the absence of a universally standardized framework for representing business activities across disparate geographical regions. To address this challenge, this paper leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to classify textual data describing economic activities into the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), a globally recognized economic activity classification framework. This approach enables any economic activity descriptions provided by businesses worldwide to be categorized into the unified ISIC standard, facilitating the creation of a centralized knowledge repository. Our approach achieves a 95% accuracy rate on a 182-label test dataset with fine-tuned GPT-2 model. This research contributes to the global endeavour of fostering sustainable circular economy practices by providing a standardized foundation for knowledge codification and recommendation systems deployable across regions. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2409.18988 |
| By: | Jackson Tamunosaki Jack |
| Abstract: | Violent conflicts act as disincentives for sustainable socioeconomic development in conflict-prone societies, especially in the Global South. Existing studies focus largely on economic, political, and social triggers of violent conflicts; cultural factors, while important, are often not considered. This paper undertakes a case study of the Niger Delta region, Nigeria, to investigate the importance of cultural factors in the cycle of violence. |
| Keywords: | Violent conflict, Norms, Violence, Culture, Nigeria |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp-2024-57 |
| By: | Andrea Mecca; Emanuele Giordano; Francesca Gagliardi |
| Abstract: | The main objective of the paper is to provide a step-by-step procedure for the construction of a multidimensional indicator for measuring the sustainability of businesses and food chains. We first propose a short review of the literature on composite sustainability indicators and a theoretical overview of the statistical methods used in the various phases of their construction, such as topic-modelling techniques and multivariate methods for identifying latent dimensions and defining appropriate weights for aggregation. We adopt a multidimensional double fuzzy set approach, widely used in poverty measurement. The indicator is then applied to the 20 Italian regions with reference to a special data set of 2021, which is the last available survey year |
| Keywords: | agrifood, sustainability, measures, fuzzy |
| JEL: | R11 Q01 C83 |
| Date: | 2024–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:910 |
| By: | Lakhan, Calvin |
| Abstract: | The report "Best Practices in Organics Diversion in Multi-Residential Buildings" provides a comprehensive review of strategies to improve organic waste diversion in high-density living environments such as apartment complexes and condominiums. The report identifies key challenges, including space constraints, resident education, and infrastructure limitations, which hinder efficient waste separation. Through a detailed analysis, it presents best practices in education, infrastructure, community engagement, and policy frameworks. Key recommendations emphasize the importance of resident education through workshops, clear signage, and the distribution of welcome kits. The report also advocates for infrastructure improvements, such as convenient bin placements, appropriate bin sizes, and space optimization. Additionally, community engagement is highlighted, with the formation of resident committees and the use of recognition and reward programs as effective methods to increase participation. |
| Date: | 2024–01–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:afrdc |
| By: | Mateos, Angel; Harvey, John; Wu, Rongzong; Buscheck, Jeff; Butt, Ali; Guada, Irwin; Bowman, Michael; Rahman, Mohammad; Brotschi, Julian; Yu, Justin |
| Abstract: | Current Caltrans Standard Specifications for rubberized hot mix asphalt–gap-graded (RHMA-G) do not allow the inclusion of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). This report summarizes the research conducted by the UCPRC in support of the Caltrans-industry initiative “10% RAP in RHMA-G, ” whose goal is to evaluate the use of up to 10% RAP (by aggregate replacement) in RHMA-G mixes, provided that the research does not identify significant potential problems for durability. Five pilot projects were built by Caltrans as part the initiative. In each of the pilots, a control RHMA-G (without RAP) and an RHMA-G with 10% RAP were placed. The mixes were sampled during production and tested using performance-related tests at the UCPRC laboratory. The results of the testing of the mixes—including stiffness, four-point bending fatigue resistance, and rutting resistance—indicate that the addition of 10% RAP had minor effects on the mechanical properties of the RHMA-G. With just a few exceptions related to changes in the total binder content of the mix, the effect of the RAP addition was negligible compared with project-to-project differences. Modeling with CalME software based on four-point bending testing results indicated that the impact of the RAP addition on the cracking performance of the pavement was either negligible or comparable to project-to-project differences. From the constructability point of view, the addition of the RAP did not create any problems. The life cycle assessment presented in this report indicates that the addition of 10% RAP to the RHMA-G can reduce the greenhouse gasses emissions associated with the RHMA-G production (cradle-to-gate) by up to 5%. |
| Keywords: | Engineering, asphalt overlay, rubberized hot mix asphalt–gap-graded (RHMA-G), crumb rubber modifier, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) |
| Date: | 2024–10–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt2np2f69j |
| By: | Costa, Francisco J M (FGV EPGE Brazilian School of Economics and Finance); Goldemberg, Diana (Minerva Schools at KGI) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of cumulative heat exposure on dropout rates for K10-12 students across Brazil, using data from over 30, 000 schools and 80 million enrollments between 2007 and 2016. We find that a one-standard-deviation increase in the share of days above 34°C raises dropout rates by 0.36 percentage points, representing a 5.1% increase in the average dropout rate. The effects are concentrated in public schools, particularly in urban areas, where poor infrastructure amplifies the impact of heat. In contrast, private schools show no significant effects, likely due to better resources, such as air conditioning. These findings highlight the need to improve learning environments, particularly in public schools, to help students cope with rising temperatures and reduce dropout rates and educational inequality. |
| Date: | 2024–10–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:apu6j |