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on Environmental Economics |
| By: | Claassen, Roger; Morehart, Mitch |
| Abstract: | Agricultural Land Tenure and Carbon Offsets examines the potential role that land ownership might play in determining the agricultural sectorâs involvement in carbon sequestration programs. By estimating the carbon sequestration potential of agricultural producers who own most of the land they operate, this report finds that land ownership should not be a constraining factor in agricultureâs ability to provide carbon offsets. |
| Keywords: | Keywords: Climate change, carbon sequestration, carbon offsets, cap and trade programs, farmland ownership, tenure, farming practices, conservation practices, Conservation Reserve Program, crops, livestock, environmental services, ERS, USDA, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2009–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:uerseb:58994&r=env |
| By: | SANIN, Maria Eugenia; ZANAJ, Skerdilajda (UniversitŽ catholique de Louvain (UCL). Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE)) |
| Keywords: | environmental innovation, tradable emission permits, Cournot interaction |
| JEL: | D43 L13 Q55 |
| Date: | 2009–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2009029&r=env |
| By: | Adriaan Perrels; Anna Sahari; Ari Nissinen |
| Abstract: | This report is the fifth in a series of reports produced by the Climate Bonus study. In this project is surveyed what are the possibilities and effectiveness of the combined use of (1) verified carbon footprints (possibly visualised through labels), (2) personalised monitoring and feedback services to households regarding the greenhouse gas intensities of their purchases, (3) a reward system (bonuses) for consumers who manage to reduce the embodied emissions, and (4) a secondary reward system for retailers that successfully reduce the emission intensity of their sales. The present report starts with a review of how the large scale introduction of the envisaged carbon footprinting and feedback system would interact with existing policy instruments and measures. Subsequently, it discusses the options and obstacles regarding economically sensible deployment of the system, and tentative cost ranges. Finally, it introduced preliminary estimates of the emission reduction potential the envisaged system may be able to tap into and of the value the emission reduction potential could represent. As regards realisation of the potential some suggestions are done as regards improving the fit with existing instruments. |
| Keywords: | Bonus systems, carbon compensation, carbon footprints, carbon offset, embodied emissions, feedback, policy instruments, interaction effects, LCA, lifecycle analysis, voluntary emission trade |
| JEL: | Q01 Q56 Q54 D01 D80 |
| Date: | 2009–12–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fer:resrep:143:5&r=env |
| By: | GERMAIN, Marc; TULKENS, Henry (UniversitŽ catholique de Louvain (UCL). Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE)); MAGNUS, Alphonse |
| Keywords: | stock pollutant, capital accumulation, international environmental agreements, dynamic core solution |
| JEL: | Q54 Q58 F42 F53 O21 |
| Date: | 2009–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2009021&r=env |
| By: | David J. Vogel (Haas School of Business); Michael W. Toffel (Harvard Business School, Technology and Operations Management Unit); Diahanna Post; Nazli Z. Uludere Aragon |
| Abstract: | The United States (US) and the European Union (EU) are federal systems in which the responsibility for environmental policy-making is divided or shared between the central government and the (member) states. The attribution of decision-making power has important policy implications. This chapter compares the role of central and local authorities in the US and the EU in formulating environmental regulations in three areas: automotive emissions for health related (criteria) pollutants, packaging waste, and global climate change. Automotive emissions are relatively centralised in both political systems. In the cases of packaging waste and global climate change, regulatory policy-making is shared in the EU, but is primarily the responsibility of local governments in the US. Thus, in some important areas, regulatory policy-making is more centralised in the EU. The most important role local governments play in the regulatory process is to help diffuse stringent local standards through more centralised regulations, a dynamic which has become recently become more important in the EU than in the US. |
| Date: | 2010–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hbs:wpaper:10-085&r=env |
| By: | Lehmann, Paul |
| Abstract: | Economic theory suggests that with a pollution externality and learning spillovers related to renewable energy technologies, the optimal climate policy mix includes an emissions policy and an output subsidy to the learning industry. Instead of output subsidies, feed-in tariffs are often implemented in addition to emissions policies. This paper reveals that this policy mix may theoretically provide for a first-best outcome as well. However, its efficient design may be cumbersome for regulators. An emissions tax must be below the Pigovian level and differentiate between fossil fuels. Moreover, both tax and feed-in tariff must be adapted continuously. |
| Keywords: | emissions tax; feed-in tariffs; policy mix; spillovers; learning by doing |
| JEL: | D62 Q48 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2009–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:21353&r=env |
| By: | Rahman, Shaikh M.; Dinar, Ariel; Larson, Donald F. |
| Abstract: | Under the Kyoto Protocol, developed countries can only tap mitigation opportunities in developing countries by investing in projects under the Clean Development Mechanism. Yet Clean Development Mechanism investments have so far failed to reach many of the high-potential sectors identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This raises doubts about whether the Clean Development Mechanism can generate an adequate supply of credits from the limited areas where it has proved successful. This paper examines the current trajectory of mitigation projects entering the Clean Development Mechanism pipeline and projects it forward under the assumption that the diffusion of the Clean Development Mechanism will follow a path similar to other innovations. Projections are then compared with pre-Clean Development Mechanism predictions of the mechanism’s potential market size to discern whether limits on the types of projects entering the pipeline have limited the expected supply of certified emission reductions. Parameter tests suggest that this is not the case and that currently identified Clean Development Mechanism investments will generate offsets in excess of early model predictions. In particular, under favorable circumstances, the mechanism is on track to deliver an average annual flow of roughly 700 million certified emission reductions by the close of 2012 and nearly to 1,100 million certified emission reductions by 2020. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases,Climate Change Economics,ICT Policy and Strategies,Energy Production and Transportation,Carbon Policy and Trading |
| Date: | 2010–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:5239&r=env |
| By: | TULKENS, Henri (UniversitŽ catholique de Louvain (UCL). Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE)); VAN STEENBERGHE, Vincent (Belgian Federal Ministry for the Environment, Brussels) |
| Keywords: | cost of climate change, adaptation, mitigation, residual cost, envelope cost function, cost benefit analysis |
| JEL: | Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2009–09–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2009054&r=env |
| By: | Dietrich Earnhart; Ludomir Lizal |
| Abstract: | This empirical study analyzes the effect of corporate environmental performance on financial performance in a transition economy. In particular, it assesses whether good environmental performance affects profits, and if so, in which direction. Then the study decomposes profits into revenues and costs in order to identify the channel(s) of any identified effect of environmental performance on profits. For example, as environmental performance improves, do revenues rise and costs fall so that profits increase? For this assessment, our study analyzes the links from environmental performance to revenues, costs, and profits using an unbalanced panel of Czech firms from the years 1996 to 1998. The empirical results indicate strongly and robustly that better environmental performance improves profitability by driving down costs more than it drives down revenues. The strong reduction in costs is consistent with the substantial regulatory scrutiny exerted by environmental agencies during the sample period in the forms of prevalent monitoring (i.e., inspections) and enforcement and escalating emission charge rates. |
| Keywords: | Czech Republic, environmental protection, pollution, financial performance |
| JEL: | D21 G39 Q53 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aal:abbswp:10-15&r=env |
| By: | BRECHET, Thierry (UniversitŽ catholique de Louvain (UCL). Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE)); PRIEUR, Fabien |
| Keywords: | overlapping generations, public education, environmental maintenance, green awareness, sustainable growth |
| JEL: | Q56 D62 D91 |
| Date: | 2009–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2009019&r=env |
| By: | Julien Chevallier (Université Paris Dauphine - Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX) |
| Abstract: | This article reviews the role played by carbon and capture (CCS) technologies in order to facilitate the transition to low-carbon emitting technologies in the medium term. More precisely, we address the following central questions: how will the development of CCS technologies impact energy policies in order to yield to sustainable energy solutions? At what costs will pollution reductions be achieved? And most importantly, which CCS technologies will turn out to offer the most effective and efficient solution to handle the challenge of the increased demand for energy within the context of the climate change? We critically assess the technology readiness levels of various CCS technologies – post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, amine scrubbing, oxyfuel, integrated gasification combined cycle, calcium looping and chemical looping – based on the best available evidence to date. |
| Keywords: | Carbon Capture and Storage; Technology Readiness; Climate Policy |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00465621_v1&r=env |
| By: | Geniaux, Ghislain; Bellon, Stephane; Deverre, Christian; Powell, Blaise |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2009–11–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57937&r=env |
| By: | Ishikawa, Jota; Okubo, Toshihiro |
| Abstract: | One channel through which environment is damaged is consumption. To protect environment, various product standards are introduced all over the world. By using a new economic geography framework, this paper explores the effects of environmental product standards on environment in a North-South trade model. We examine a situation in which North unilaterally introduces an environmental product standard. Specifically, those products that do not meet the standard are not allowed to be sold in the North market. We find that such a standard may worsen North environment but improve South environment through firm relocation. |
| Keywords: | environmental product standards, compliance costs, firm location, footloose capital model |
| JEL: | F18 Q54 |
| Date: | 2010–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:ccesdp:27&r=env |
| By: | Ma, Shan |
| Abstract: | Agriculture, an ecosystem transformed by humans for the purpose of supplying food, fiber and biofuel, can provide people a host of benefits, or ecosystem services (ES). While markets exist for farm products, many of todayâs central agro-environmental policy concerns are related to ES that lack complete markets, such as regulating ES and recreational, aesthetic and cultural ES. Valuation of non-marketed ES linked to agriculture is needed to improve their utilization and efficient provision. Some ES that facilitate agricultural production or provide natural amenities can be perceived by people through various natural resources and landscapes on farmlands and surrounding areas. One indirect way to measure the value of ES is via what people pay for the lands that provide them. In this hedonic study, the agricultural land price is used to reveal marginal values of those resources and landscapes, and to infer the degree of ES capitalization into land prices in southwestern Michigan. Results suggest that recreational and aesthetic services are largely capitalized through lakes, rivers, wetlands, woodlands and conservation lands. Some production-supporting regulating services may have also been partially capitalized. Certain ES from the land parcel and its surroundings are unlikely to be capitalized due to unawareness or little realized value (e.g., beneficial insects and soil microbial communities), as well as missing incentive for large scale public goods (e.g., carbon sequestration and biodiversity). In comparing sales prices and appraisal values, we find that sales prices reflect amenity benefits better than appraisal values, which tend to emphasize agricultural production potential and built capital values. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural land, Hedonic, Ecosystem services, Sales price, Appraisal value, GIS., Environmental Economics and Policy, Q24, Q51, Q57., |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:midagr:59321&r=env |
| By: | SANIN, Maria Eugenia; VIOLANTE, Francesco |
| Keywords: | EUA market, EU-ETS, carbon emission trading, Garch model, normal mixture |
| JEL: | C16 C32 C51 C53 Q52 Q53 |
| Date: | 2009–04–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2009024&r=env |
| By: | Kuiper, Marijke |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2009–10–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57933&r=env |
| By: | Swinton, Scott M. |
| Keywords: | Ecosystem services, economics, Environmental Economics and Policy, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Q, |
| Date: | 2010–03–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usdags:58990&r=env |
| By: | Andersen, Erling |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2010–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:58104&r=env |
| By: | Zander, Peter; Borkowski, Nina; Hecker, Martin; Uthes, Sandra; Stokstad, Grete; Rorstad, Per Kr.; Bellocchi, Gianni |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2010–01–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57938&r=env |
| By: | Akpalu, Wisdom; Anders, Ekbom |
| Abstract: | Improving soil carbon through conservation agriculture in developing countries may generate some private benefits to farmers, as well as sequester carbon emissions, which is a positive externality to society. Leaving crop residue on the farm has become an important option in conservation agriculture practice. However, in developing countries, using crop residue for conservation agriculture has the opportunity cost of feed for livestock. In this paper, we model and develop an expression for an optimum economic incentive that is necessary to internalize the positive externality. A crude value of the tax is calculated using data from Kenya. We also empirically investigated the determinants of the crop residue left on the farm and found that it depends on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil, the prices of maize, whether extension officers visit the plot or not, household size, the level of education of the household head, and alternative cost of soil conservation. |
| Keywords: | conservation agriculture, soil carbon, climate change, bioeconomics, Kenya |
| JEL: | C61 Q18 Q24 Q54 Q56 |
| Date: | 2010–03–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rff:dpaper:dp-10-07-efd&r=env |
| By: | Babette Never (GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies) |
| Abstract: | In the international system, there has been a power shift towards regional powers, which can be illustrated by recent developments in climate governance. I argue that some of these regional powers are also climate powers, which benefit from an issue-specific power shift. The behavior and strategies of those climate powers are central for global climate governance. To analyze their strategies, a multi-level approach is required that captures the link between domestic climate governance and climate foreign policy. I develop such a concept of climate knowledge systems. It is based on Emanuel Adler’s theory of cognitive evolution and communities of practice. A pragmatist philosophy such as this that allows for mixed methods research is most suitable for analyzing the proposed connection between knowledge, practices and change. It also presents the key to an extended regional powers framework, leaving the somewhat artificial boundaries of international relations in climate governance behind. The concept of climate knowledge systems is empirically applied to South Africa with some early tentative results of an online expert survey, as well as the analysis of data of the Carbon Disclosure Project. |
| Keywords: | South Africa, regional powers, climate governance, communities of practice, knowledge systems, mixed methods |
| Date: | 2010–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gig:wpaper:125&r=env |
| By: | Andersen, Erling; Elbersen, Berien S.; Hazeu, Gerard W.; Van Diepen, C.A.; Baruth, Bettina; Verhoog, A. David; Terluin, Ida J.; Borkowski, Nina; Janssen, Sander J.C. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2010–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:58101&r=env |
| By: | Reidsma, Pytrik; Alkan Olsson, Johanna; Queste, Jerome; Brogaard, Sara; Bezlepkina, Irina; Van Ittersum, Martin |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession, |
| Date: | 2009–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57914&r=env |
| By: | Alkan Olsson, Johanna; Bockstaller, Christian; Turpin, Nadine; Therond, Olivier; Bezlepkina, Irina; Knapen, Rob |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2009–10–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57922&r=env |
| By: | Rizzoli, Andrea E.; Wien, J.J.F.; Knapen, Rob; Ruinelli, Lorenzo; Athanasiadis, Ioannis; Jonsson, Benny |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, Livestock Production/Industries, |
| Date: | 2009–10–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57935&r=env |
| By: | Adenauer, Marcel; Kuiper, Marijke |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2009–10–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57931&r=env |
| By: | Jared Carbone; V. Kerry Smith |
| Abstract: | We explore the consequences of treating the multiple, non-market benefits associated with improvements in ecosystem health and the market economy from which damage to these ecosystems stems as an integrated system. We find that willingness to pay measures of use-based ecosystem services are impacted by the changes in demand for complementary market goods. Demand for these goods shifts due to the introduction of pollution regulations that deliver improvements in ecosystem services. As a result, partial equilibrium estimates of these use values may be measured with substantial error if they fail to account for the general equilibrium adjustments caused by the regulation. We also find that the basic physical/biological connections between the resources underlying use and non-use values for ecosystems may have important implications for the measurement of these values. |
| Keywords: | ecosystem services, general equilibrium, non-market valuation |
| JEL: | D58 Q51 Q57 |
| Date: | 2010–03–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:clg:wpaper:2010-05&r=env |
| By: | James Boyce; Matthew Riddle |
| Abstract: | <p class="text" style="text-align: left;" align="left"><span>Congress is expected to take up the Carbon Limits and Energy for America’s Renewal (CLEAR) Act in the coming months. In preparation for that debate, James K. Boyce and Matthew Riddle have updated earlier anlysis that examines the household-level impacts of this cap-and-dividend plan, and how they differ between states. In this paper, the authors not only <span> </span>consider the specific parameters of the CLEAR Act, but also add an assessment of the state-by-state job creation from the bill.</span></p> <p class="text" style="text-align: left;" align="left"><span>Boyce & Riddle find that interstate differences in the bill’s impact on household incomes are small: much smaller than differences across the income spectrum, and vastly smaller than the differences in other federal programs, such as defense spending. As a result, the CLEAR Act delivers positive net benefits to the majority of households </span><span style="font-size: 4pt;"><span> </span></span><span>in every state. Where there are interstate differences, Boyce & Riddle suggest </span>ways in which the CLEAR Act could be modified to eliminate them altogether.</p> |
| Keywords: | Climate change; climate policy; climate protection; global warming; cap-and-dividend; energy policy; green jobs |
| JEL: | H22 H23 Q48 Q52 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uma:perips:clear_economics&r=env |
| By: | Amblard, Laurence; Mann, Carsten; Lemeilleur, Sylvaine; Therond, Olivier; Schleyer, Christian; Theesfeld, Insa; Hagedorn, Konrad |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management, Land Economics/Use, |
| Date: | 2009–11–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:57936&r=env |
| By: | Elbersen, Berien S.; Kempen, Markus; Andersen, Erling; Staritsky, Igor G. |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Production Economics, |
| Date: | 2010–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:seamre:58107&r=env |
| By: | Hochman, Gal (University of California, Berkeley. Dept of agricultural and resource economics); Rajagopal, Deepak (University of California, Berkeley); Zilberman, David (University of California, Berkeley. Dept of agricultural and resource economics) |
| Keywords: | energy, opec, biofuels, fuel, carbon savings, optimal export tax model, cheap oil |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:are:cudare:1099&r=env |
| By: | Steve A. McIntosh; Rob Southwick; John C. Whitehead |
| Abstract: | Wetlands have functional values that may extend beyond traditional real estate values. This paper uses contingent valuation and ecological field assessments to place heterogeneous values on heterogeneous wetlands. Wetland functions evaluated are water quality, habitat, recreation, storing floodwaters and erosion abatement. The model used incorporates the public value of wetland functions and adds that value to the common local appraisal cost. We use a “percentage willingness-to-pay” value elicitation question in which respondents are asked about the percentage amount that the state government should pay over and above market value to purchase and preserve a wetland function. These values are then mapped into an ecological matrix to value the wetland as a whole. We show how these values can be applied in the field. Key Words: wetlands, appraisal, evaluation, mitigation, contingent valuation methodLength: |
| JEL: | Q51 Q57 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:apl:wpaper:10-01&r=env |
| By: | Julien Chevallier (EconomiX - CNRS : UMR7166 - Université de Paris X - Nanterre) |
| Abstract: | This article investigates the modelling of the convenience yield in the European carbon market by using daily and intradaily measures of volatility. The convenience yield stems from differences in spot and futures prices, and can explain why firms hold inventories. The main findings are that (i) a simple AR(4) process best describes the 2008 convenience yield, and (ii) there exists a non linear relation between spot and futures prices. The approach developed in this article captures 74% of the explanatory power for the 2008 convenience yield variable in an autoregressive framework, with carbon spot price levels, moving averages and carbon futures realized volatility measures as exogenous regressors. These results are of interest for energy utilities, risk-managers, and traders exposed to the variation of carbon prices. |
| Keywords: | Convenience Yield; Carbon Price; EU ETS; High frequency Data; Realized Volatility |
| Date: | 2010–03–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00463921_v1&r=env |
| By: | AZOMAHOU, ThŽophile; BOUCEKKINE, Raouf (UniversitŽ catholique de Louvain (UCL). Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE)); NGUYEN-VAN, Phu |
| Keywords: | energy-saving technological progress, vintage capital, market imperfections, natural monopoly, investment subsidies |
| JEL: | O40 E22 Q40 |
| Date: | 2009–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cor:louvco:2009011&r=env |
| By: | Adam Stefan (Asian Development Bank Institute) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides estimates of the costs of organic agriculture (OA) programs, and sets them in the context of the costs of attaining the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It analyzes the costs of OA programs in four case studies: Wanzai, PRC; Wuyuan, PRC; Kandy, Sri Lanka; and Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand. The results show considerable variation across the case studies, suggesting that there is no clear structure to the costs of adopting OA. Costs do depend on the efficiency with which the OA adoption programs are run. The lowest cost programs were more than ten times less expensive than the highest cost ones. A further analysis of the gains resulting from OA adoption reveals that the costs per person taken out of poverty was much lower than the World Bank’s estimates, based on income growth in general or based on the detailed costs of meeting some of the more quantifiable MDGs (e.g., education, health, and environment). |
| Keywords: | organic agriculture programs, MDGs, case studies |
| JEL: | Q01 Q18 Q56 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eab:develo:2167&r=env |
| By: | Kimberly Rollins (Department of Resource Economics, University of Nevada, Reno); M.D.R. Evans (Department of Resource Economics and Department of Sociology, University of Nevada, Reno); Mimako Kobayashi (Department of Resource Economics, University of Nevada, Reno); Anita Castledine (Department of Resource Economics, University of Nevada, Reno) |
| Abstract: | Public good attributes that are correlated with protest beliefs but not separable from the good's value, would affect stated preference estimates of the WTP for the public good. Survey data collected to value a program to prevent ecosystem losses on Nevada rangelands, where the majority of land is publicly owned and managed, reveal more than half of the respondents exhibiting some protest belief. Of these, about 60% voted 'yes' to some nonzero bid amount. By treating protest beliefs and opposition to the proposed program as separate concepts, we systematically analyze their determinants and impacts on WTP. In this framework, people with protest beliefs may or may not vote 'no' to all bids and people may, without being protesters, answer 'no' to all dollar amounts. Multinomial logit regression results suggest that factors motivating people to protest and/or oppose the proposed program are so diverse that a single model does not provide a good fit. We estimate nested models and conclude that different underlying processes determine WTP for "protesters" ($34.02) and "non-protesters" ($69.56). |
| Keywords: | Stated preferences; Willingness to pay; Protest responses; Rangelands; Valuation of ecosystem services |
| JEL: | Q51 Q24 Q57 |
| Date: | 2010–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unr:wpaper:10-002&r=env |
| By: | Olivier Boiral |
| Abstract: | The possibility of measuring and comparing sustainability performance is generally taken for granted in management studies and practices based on the evaluation, selection and ranking of the supposedly best companies in the field. The purpose of this article is to question this basic assumption by analyzing the comparability of sustainability performance through a systematic review of 12 mining company reports using Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines. The analysis of information based on 92 GRI indicators raises serious questions concerning the hypothesis of measurability and comparability of sustainability performance, drawing attention to the main reasons that make it very difficult if not impossible to establish a credible and justifiable classification among organizations. <P>La possibilité de mesurer et de comparer les performances de développement durable est généralement prise pour acquise tant dans les recherches en gestion que dans les pratiques de classement ou de sélection des meilleures entreprises dans ce domaine. L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner cette hypothèse de mesurabilité et de comparabilité des performances de développement durable à partir de l’étude systématique de 12 rapports d’entreprises minières utilisant le même guideline du Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). L’analyse des informations relatives aux 92 indicateurs du GRI utilisés remet en cause l’hypothèse de comparabilité des performances de développement durable en mettant en lumière les principales raisons qui rendent pratiquement impossible l’établissement d’un classement crédible et justifiable entre les entreprises. |
| Keywords: | sustainable development, reporting, performance, GRI, comparability, développement durable, rapports, performance, GRI, comparabilité |
| Date: | 2010–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cir:cirwor:2010s-11&r=env |
| By: | Timothy Haab; Robert L. Hicks; Kurt Schnier; John C. Whitehead |
| Abstract: | In this study we assess the viability of single-species recreation demand models given commonly available data sets. Using the 2000 MRFSS southeast intercept data combined with the economic add-on, we determine that the MRFSS data will support only a few species-specific recreation demand models. Considering species of management interest in the southeast, we focus on dolphin, king mackerel, red snapper and red drum. We examine single-species recreational fishing behavior using random utility models of demand. We explore mixed logit (i.e., random parameter) logit and finite mixture (i.e., latent class logit) models for dealing with angler heterogeneity. We compare these to the commonly used conditional and nested logit models in terms of the value of catching (and keeping) one additional fish. Mixed logit models illustrate that the value of catch can be highly heterogeneous and, in some cases, can include both positive and negative values. The finite mixture model generates value estimates that were some times strikingly different than conditional, nested and mixed logit models. Preference heterogeneity is significant within the MRFSS data. We find evidence that single-species models outperform multiple species models and recreational values differ. Key Words: marine recreational fishing, single-species demand, preference heterogeneity models |
| JEL: | Q51 Q26 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:apl:wpaper:10-02&r=env |
| By: | Ahlheim, Michael; Frör, Oliver |
| Abstract: | With the availability of new techniques to close wine bottles avoiding the risk of “corky” taste the tradition of closing wine bottles with cork stoppers is on the retreat. As a consequence the Mediterranean cork oak forests with their rich biodiversity are endangered since their cultivation is not profitable anymore. This paper explores the viability of a market approach to the preservation of these ecologically valuable landscapes. In an internet-based Contingent Valuation survey we assess wine consumers' willingness to pay a higher price for wine bottles closed with high-quality cork stoppers instead of buying wine with alternative stoppers in order to preserve the cork oak landscapes. We find that though many wine consumers have experience with tainted wine they are, nevertheless, willing to buy wine with (highquality) cork stoppers at higher prices. Their average WTP is, however, not sufficient to cover the additional costs of these stoppers. Thus, we propose a financing mix of market returns and government subsidies for preserving the cork oaks. As a precondition for this market approach to be successful bottles with high-quality cork stoppers must be clearly identifiable in the shops, and consumers must be informed about the ecological consequences of supporting the cork production. -- |
| Keywords: | Provision of public goods,cost-benefit analysis,Contingent Valuation,cork oak landscapes |
| JEL: | D6 H4 Q27 Q51 Q57 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:fziddp:122010&r=env |
| By: | Hochman, Gal (University of California, Berkeley. Dept of agricultural and resource economics); Sexton, Steven E. (University of California, Berkeley. Dept of agricultural and resource economics); Zilberman, David D. (University of California, Berkeley. Dept of agricultural and resource economics) |
| Keywords: | trade, biofuels, environment, globalization, capital flows, technical changes, household production |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:are:cudare:1100&r=env |