|
on Confederation of Independent States |
| By: | Maryanchyk Ivan |
| Abstract: | This paper applies the gravity theory to model Ukrainian trade patterns. I estimate two specifications — Global and Ukrainian. The former is used to forecast the optimal trade volumes and compare with the actual. The latter helps analyzing factors affecting Ukrainian trade. Ukraine explored its trade potential with the EU. On the other hand, having the low potential in 1995, the country achieved even better results in this direction in 2002. Trade with CIS deteriorated despite vast possibilities predicted by the model. Another unexplored opportunity is large economies of G7, Asia, and Americas. Ukraine could benefit liberalizing trade relations with Russia (to gain in trade and reach the potential) and with EU (to safeguard achieved results). Accession to the WTO might help in exploring the potential with G7 and other big economies. |
| Keywords: | Ukraine, international trade, gravity. |
| JEL: | F12 F13 F14 |
| Date: | 2005–10–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eer:wpalle:05-14e&r=cis |
| By: | Mal'tseva Inna |
| Abstract: | This research analyses the influence of the differences in occupational mobility of men and women on gender segregation at the Russian labor market during 1985–2002. At the basis of the occupational mobility model which takes into account the gender differences in social roles, we estimate the input that individual characteristics and parameters of current occupation, characteristics of the local labor market make into probability of occupational mobility of employees of the different genders and probability of choice between different "gender-dominated" occupations, as well. The results prove that segregation decrease through occupational mobility is possible depending on increasing competitiveness of women at the labor market and eliminating factors preventing their access to employment in the private sector. Positive returns to occupational mobility in terms of wage growth were discovered for both gender groups. |
| Keywords: | Russia, occupational mobility, gender segregation, occupational choice, return to mobility |
| JEL: | J16 J62 J71 P23 |
| Date: | 2005–10–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eer:wpalle:05-11e&r=cis |
| By: | Dirk Bezemer (University of Groningen); Junior Davis (Natural Resources Institute) |
| Abstract: | In this paper the findings of a survey conducted in June 2001 in Armenia are summarised. The aim was to gain insight into the nature of the rural non-farm economy (RNFE) in the country. For that purpose, 21 rural communities in 3 regions (called marzes in Armenian) were non-randomly selected. These regions were Ararat, Gegharkunik and Syunik . Since a prime motivation of the research is to study the potential of the NFRE to alleviate rural poverty, selection criteria included poverty levels and the level of development of the RNFE. |
| Keywords: | Enterprise development, rural-non-farm economy, poverty, transition economies |
| JEL: | O P |
| Date: | 2005–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wpa:wuwpdc:0510020&r=cis |
| By: | Junior Davis (Natural Resources Institute); Dirk Bezemer (University of Groningen); Monica Janowski (Natural Resources Institute); Tiago Wandschneider (Natural Resources Institute) |
| Abstract: | The aims of this study are to improve understanding of the dynamics of the rural non-farm economy in providing employment and income diversification opportunities in Armenia, Georgia and Romania. The study aims to focus on improving the well-being and livelihoods of the rural population, through developing their capacity to access resources and actively participate in non-farm rural enterprise and employment opportunities. We place emphasis on the diversity and diversification of income sources in the face of vulnerability to shocks and stresses - particularly on the part of the poorest members of society; and provide an in-depth analysis of the context (socio-cultural, economic, agronomic) in which non-farm rural livelihood options are currently pursued and in which new options can be developed. |
| Keywords: | rural non-farm economy, poverty, diversity, non-agricultural growth, transition economies, Central Asia, Balkans |
| JEL: | O P |
| Date: | 2005–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wpa:wuwpdc:0510018&r=cis |