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Mini-review: Strategies for Variation and Evolution of Bacterial Antigens

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Mini-review: Strategies for Variation and Evolution of Bacterial Antigens (English)

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bacterial evolution

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Janet Foley

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publication date

2015

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Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

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13

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407-16

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The Clinical Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention of Lyme Disease, Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, and Babesiosis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Comparative genomics of emerging human ehrlichiosis agents

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Complete genome sequencing of Anaplasma marginale reveals that the surface is skewed to two superfamilies of outer membrane proteins

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Phylogenomics of the reproductive parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: a streamlined genome overrun by mobile genetic elements

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Antigenic variation in vector-borne pathogens

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Spirochaetal lipoproteins and pathogenesis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Molecular biology and pathogenicity of mycoplasmas

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Accelerated evolution and Muller's rachet in endosymbiotic bacteria

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Role of factor H binding protein in Neisseria meningitidis virulence and its potential as a vaccine candidate to broadly protect against meningococcal disease

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Microbial antigenic variation mediated by homologous DNA recombination

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Crystal structure of Lyme disease variable surface antigen VlsE of Borrelia burgdorferi

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

A bacterial genome in flux: the twelve linear and nine circular extrachromosomal DNAs in an infectious isolate of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Antigenic variation in Lyme disease borreliae by promiscuous recombination of VMP-like sequence cassettes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

The Minimal Gene Complement of Mycoplasma genitalium

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Genomic changes following host restriction in bacteria

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

How clonal are bacteria?

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

7 April 2017

Evaluation of the Importance of VlsE Antigenic Variation for the Enzootic Cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Neisseria gonorrhoeae MutS affects pilin antigenic variation through mismatch correction and not by pilE guanine quartet binding

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Characterization of a novel antisense RNA in the major pilin locus of Neisseria meningitidis influencing antigenic variation

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation of TprK facilitates development of secondary syphilis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Inactivation of genes for antigenic variation in the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii reduces infectivity in mice and transmission by ticks

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Phase and antigenic variation in mycoplasmas.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation in Treponema pallidum: TprK sequence diversity accumulates in response to immune pressure during experimental syphilis.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigen diversity in the parasitic bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum arises from selectively-represented, spatially clustered functional pseudogenes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Investigation of the genes involved in antigenic switching at the vlsE locus in Borrelia burgdorferi: an essential role for the RuvAB branch migrase

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Variation of the factor H-binding protein of Neisseria meningitidis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

'Nothing is permanent but change'- antigenic variation in persistent bacterial pathogens

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Variant-specific and diminishing immune responses towards the highly variable MSP2(P44) outer membrane protein of Anaplasma phagocytophilum during persistent infection in lambs

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Common strategies for antigenic variation by bacterial, fungal and protozoan pathogens

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Generation of antigenic variants via gene conversion: Evidence for recombination fitness selection at the locus level in Anaplasma marginale

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Pilin gene variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: reassessing the old paradigms

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Detailed analysis of sequence changes occurring during vlsE antigenic variation in the mouse model of Borrelia burgdorferi infection

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

The Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN229 gene encodes a protein that selectively binds single-stranded DNA and stimulates Recombinase A-mediated DNA strand exchange

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Surveillance for Lyme disease--United States, 1992-2006.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Genetic and antigenic diversities of major immunoreactive proteins in globally distributed Ehrlichia canis strains

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Superinfection as a driver of genomic diversification in antigenically variant pathogens

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Role of phenotypic diversity in pathogenesis of avian mycoplasmosis.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Mycoplasma genitalium: an efficient strategy to generate genetic variation from a minimal genome

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

A specific primed immune response in Drosophila is dependent on phagocytes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Pathogen escape from host immunity by a genome program for antigenic variation

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Mycoplasma genitalium P140 and P110 cytadhesins are reciprocally stabilized and required for cell adhesion and terminal-organelle development

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Structure of the expression site reveals global diversity in MSP2 (P44) variants in Anaplasma phagocytophilum

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Mycoplasma genitalium infection and persistence in a cohort of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation by Borrelia hermsii occurs through recombination between extragenic repetitive elements on linear plasmids

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation with a twist--the Borrelia story

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Analysis of involvement of the RecF pathway in p44 recombination in Anaplasma phagocytophilum and in Escherichia coli by using a plasmid carrying the p44 expression and p44 donor loci

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Comparative genomic analysis of three strains of Ehrlichia ruminantium reveals an active process of genome size plasticity

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Within-host dynamics of antigenic variation

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

The frequency and rate of pilin antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Mosaic nature of the wolbachia surface protein.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Ecology of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in the western United States

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Wolbachia pipientis: intracellular infection and pathogenesis in Drosophila

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Simultaneous Variation of the Immunodominant Outer Membrane Proteins, MSP2 and MSP3, during Anaplasma marginale Persistence In Vivo

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Sequence diversity of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum tprK in human syphilis lesions and rabbit-propagated isolates.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Recombination, repair and replication in the pathogenic Neisseriae: the 3 R′s of molecular genetics of two human‐specific bacterial pathogens

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

The absence of linear plasmid 25 or 28-1 of Borrelia burgdorferi dramatically alters the kinetics of experimental infection via distinct mechanisms

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic composition of Borrelia burgdorferi during infection of SCID mice

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

The resolution of relapsing fever borreliosis requires IgM and is concurrent with expansion of B1b lymphocytes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Evidence that the variable regions of the central domain of VlsE are antigenic during infection with lyme disease spirochetes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Mutator clones of Neisseria meningitidis in epidemic serogroup A disease

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Genomic repeats, genome plasticity and the dynamics of Mycoplasma evolution

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation of Ehrlichia chaffeensis resulting from differential expression of the 28-kilodalton protein gene family.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigen polymorphism in Borrelia hermsii, a clonal pathogenic bacterium

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Telomere resolution in the Lyme disease spirochete

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

The simple sequence contingency loci of Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Analysis of transcriptionally active gene clusters of major outer membrane protein multigene family in Ehrlichia canis and E. chaffeensis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation of Anaplasma marginale by expression of MSP2 mosaics

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Characterization of a multigene family undergoing high-frequency DNA rearrangements and coding for abundant variable surface proteins in Mycoplasma agalactiae

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Characterization of the complete transcriptionally active ehrlichia chaffeensis 28 kDa outer membrane protein multigene family

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation in the persistence and transmission of the ehrlichia Anaplasma marginale

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

The tprK gene is heterogeneous among Treponema pallidum strains and has multiple alleles

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Emergence of Anaplasma marginale antigenic variants during persistent rickettsemia.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Identification of a new variable sequence in the P1 cytadhesin gene of Mycoplasma pneumoniae: evidence for the generation of antigenic variation by DNA recombination between repetitive sequences

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Treponema pallidum major sheath protein homologue Tpr K is a target of opsonic antibody and the protective immune response.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Genetic variation of the Borrelia burgdorferi gene vlsE involves cassette-specific, segmental gene conversion

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Kinetics and in vivo induction of genetic variation of vlsE in Borrelia burgdorferi

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding the major surface protein of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Expression of Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 2 variants during persistent cyclic rickettsemia.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Immunodominant major outer membrane proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Arthritis severity and spirochete burden are determined by serotype in the Borrelia turicatae-mouse model of Lyme disease

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Activation of a vmp pseudogene in Borrella hermsii: an alternate mechanism of antigenic variation during relapsing fever

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Adaptive evolution of highly mutable loci in pathogenic bacteria

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Sequence divergence in the ORF6 gene of Mycoplasma pneumonia

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Intragenic recombination and a chimeric outer membrane protein in the relapsing fever agent Borrelia hermsii

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Antigenic variation of Borrelia hermsii

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Intra-strain heterogeneity of gonococcal pili is related to opacity colony variance

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Immunobiology of relapsing fever

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Cloning of the recA gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and construction of gonococcal recA mutants

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Opacity genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: control of phase and antigenic variation

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Detection and quantitation of Anaplasma marginale in carrier cattle by using a nucleic acid probe.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Outer membrane ultrastructure explains the limited antigenicity of virulent Treponema pallidum

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Juxtaposition of expressed variable antigen genes with a conserved telomere in the bacterium Borrelia hermsii

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Variable antigen genes of the relapsing fever agent Borrelia hermsii are activated by promoter addition

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Tandem insertion sequence-like elements define the expression site for variable antigen genes of Borrelia hermsii

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Subtelomeric expression regions of Borrelia hermsii linear plasmids are highly polymorphic.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Molecular biology of mycoplasmas

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 September 2017

Mismatch correction modulates mutation frequency and pilus phase and antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

The Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN490 and Mycoplasma genitalium MG339 genes encode reca homologs that promote homologous DNA strand exchange.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

An alternative DNA structure is necessary for pilin antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Selection for simple major surface protein 2 variants during Anaplasma marginale transmission to immunologically naïve animals

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Gene conversion: a mechanism for generation of heterogeneity in the tprK gene of Treponema pallidum during infection

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

The extended promoters for two outer membrane lipoprotein genes of Borrelia spp. uniquely include a T-rich region.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

The map1 gene of Cowdria ruminantium is a member of a multigene family containing both conserved and variable genes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Bloodstream- versus tick-associated variants of a relapsing fever bacterium

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Mechanism of antigenic variation in Mycoplasma pulmonis: interwoven, site-specific DNA inversions

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Evolution and phylogeny of Wolbachia : reproductive parasites of arthropods

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Opacity determinants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Gene expression and chromosomal linkage to the gonococcal pilus gene

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Phase variation of gonococcal protein II: regulation of gene expression by slipped-strand mispairing of a repetitive DNA sequence.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

31 May 2018

Co-phylogenetic analysis of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and its vectors, Ixodes spp. ticks

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

mgpB and mgpC sequence diversity in Mycoplasma genitalium is generated by segmental reciprocal recombination with repetitive chromosomal sequences

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Widespread recombination throughout Wolbachia genomes

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Characterization of a major outer membrane protein multigene family in Ehrlichia ruminantium.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Anaplasma phagocytophilummajor surface protein-2 (Msp2) forms multimeric complexes in the bacterial membrane

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Different rates of nucleotide substitutions in Wolbachia endosymbionts of arthropods and nematodes: arms race or host shifts?

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Host-symbiont conflicts: positive selection on an outer membrane protein of parasitic but not mutualistic Rickettsiaceae

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Antigenic variation of gonococcal pilin expression in vivo: analysis of the strain FA1090 pilin repertoire and identification of the pilS gene copies recombining with pilE during experimental human infection

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Size and genomic location of the pMGA multigene family of Mycoplasma gallisepticum

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Microevolution within a clonal population of pathogenic bacteria: recombination, gene duplication and horizontal genetic exchange in the opa gene family of Neisseria meningitidis

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

Reassortment of pilin genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae occurs by two distinct mechanisms

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=4534519

28 November 2018

The vlhA loci of Mycoplasma synoviae are confined to a restricted region of the genome

1 reference

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26288700

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Comparative whole-genome analyses reveal over 100 putative phase-variable genes in the pathogenic Neisseria spp

1 reference

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26288700

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The Oslo study of untreated syphilis; an epidemiologic investigation of the natural course of the syphilitic infection based upon a re-study of the Boeck-Bruusgaard material

1 reference

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26288700

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

The role of VlsE antigenic variation in the Lyme disease spirochete: persistence through a mechanism that differs from other pathogens

1 reference

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26288700

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Homologous recombination and the pattern of nucleotide substitution in Ehrlichia ruminantium

1 reference

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26288700

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Antigenic and genomic homogeneity of successive Mycoplasma hominis isolates

1 reference

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26288700

12 December 2020

based on heuristic

inferred from PubMed ID database lookup

Identifiers

10.1016/J.CSBJ.2015.07.002

1 reference

Consolidated OpenCitations Corpus – April 2017

OpenCitations bibliographic resource ID

OpenCitations bibliographic resource ID

1 reference

Consolidated OpenCitations Corpus – April 2017

OpenCitations bibliographic resource ID

PMC publication ID

1 reference

Consolidated OpenCitations Corpus – April 2017

OpenCitations bibliographic resource ID

PubMed publication ID

1 reference

Consolidated OpenCitations Corpus – April 2017

OpenCitations bibliographic resource ID

ResearchGate publication ID

0 references

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