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Caatinga, the Brazilian dry tropical forest: can it tolerate climate changes?

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Abstract

Our review focuses on the projections of climate change in the Brazilian semiarid region, the Caatinga, based on recent publications about global climate change and biology. We found several vulnerable points in the initial estimates, the main one being that the data were collected and analyzed without a multidisciplinary knowledge. This review discusses several studies that show the current knowledge in many semiarid regions around the world. Some of these studies argue for the increase in vegetation greenness responses even under severe and prolonged drought, based on the high resilience the Caatinga native species show under severe drought conditions over the years. Additionally, we include in this review recent data produced by our group on key ecophysiological variables under drought conditions. We also show successful examples of deforested areas recovery in the semiarid region of the Central America. It is critical that the recovery of semiarid areas is coupled with the implementation of socio-environmental policies, engaging the local population and providing subsidies for life wealth improvement. These are key aspects for a long-term recovery and conservation of the Brazilian dry tropical forest.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by FACEPE-FAPESP to the project “Impactos de mudanças climáticas sobre a cobertura e uso da terra em Pernambuco: geração e disponibilização de informações para o subsídio a políticas públicas” (APQ-FACEPE-0077-5.01/09), by FACEPE to the project “Aumento da tolerância em plantas jovens de espécies lenhosas da Caatinga aos estresses salino e seca (APQ-0829-2.03/12)” and by CNPq to the project “Biodiversidade e regeneração natural em florestas tropicais secas brasileiras”—SISBIOTA (CNPq-563304/2010-3). We are also grateful to Fazenda Tamanduá and the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA) for the logistic support during the studies and to CNPq for the fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Mauro G. Santos, Marciel T. Oliveira, Karla V. Figueiredo, Hiram M. Falcão, Emília C. P. Arruda, Jarcilene Almeida-Cortez, Antônio F. M. Oliveira & Marcelo F. Pompelli

  2. Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Everardo V. S. B. Sampaio, Rômulo S. C. Menezes & Antônio C. D. Antonino

  3. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Centro de Ciências do Sistema Terrestre, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Jean P. H. B. Ometto

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  1. Mauro G. Santos
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Correspondence to Mauro G. Santos.

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Santos, M.G., Oliveira, M.T., Figueiredo, K.V. et al. Caatinga, the Brazilian dry tropical forest: can it tolerate climate changes?. Theor. Exp. Plant Physiol 26, 83–99 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-014-0008-0

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