Asyinas
Abu Ja'far Ashinas (Arab: أبو جعفر أشناس) adalah seorang jenderal dari khalifah Abbasiyah al-Mu'tasim. Menurut al-Tabari, ia dibeli oleh Abu Ishaq, kelak al-Mu'tasim, di Baghdad pada masa pemerintahan al-Ma'mun, bersama dengan Itakh al-Khazari dan Wasif.
Referensi
Daftar pustaka
- Bosworth, C. E., ed. (1987). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXII: The Reunification of the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate. The Caliphate of al-Ma'mun, A.D. 812–833/A.H. 198–213. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-88706-058-7.
- Bosworth, C. E., ed. (1991). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXIII: Storm and Stress along the Northern Frontiers of the ʿAbbāsid Caliphate. The Caliphate of al-Mu'tasim, A.D. 833–842/A.H. 218–227. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-0493-5.
- E. de la Vaissière, Samarcande et Samarra. Elites d'Asie centrale dans l'empire abbasside, Peeters, 2007 [1] Diarsipkan 2019-08-16 di Wayback Machine.
- Golden, Peter. An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples: Ethnogenesis and state-formation in medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East, Harrassowitz, 1992.
- Gordon, Matthew (2001). The Breaking of a Thousand Swords: A History of the Turkish Military of Samarra, A.H. 200–275/815–889 C.E. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-4795-6.
- Kennedy, Hugh (2001). The Armies of the Caliphs: Military and Society in the Early Islamic State. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-25093-5.
- Kennedy, Hugh (2004). The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century (edisi ke-Second). Harlow, UK: Pearson Education Ltd. ISBN 0-582-40525-4.
- Kennedy, Hugh (2006). When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: The Rise and Fall of Islam's Greatest Dynasty. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306814808.
- Vasiliev, A. A. (1935). Byzance et les Arabes, Tome I: La Dynastie d'Amorium (820–867) (dalam bahasa French). French ed.: Henri Grégoire, Marius Canard. Brussels: Éditions de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales.