Ambaliyar Najeriyata 2022

Gwamnatin Najeriya ta zargi ambaliyar ruwa ta 2022 da Ruwan sama mai yawa da Canjin yanayi. Mai kula da agajin dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Najeriya Matthias Schmale ya ce ambaliyar za a iya bayyana ta hanyar sauyin yanayi.^[3] Canjin yanayi a Najeriya yana da alhakin ambaliyar ruwa, fari, raguwar ingancin iska da asarar mazaunin.

Binciken samfurin yanayi na aikin World Weather Attribution ya kiyasta cewa ambaliyar ta zama mai yuwuwa kuma ta fi tsanani ta hanyar canjin yanayi. Sun tsara ruwan sama daga Yuni zuwa Satumba a cikin Tafkin Chadi da ƙananan yankunan kogin Neja, suna kallon jimlar ruwan sama da makonni masu ƙarfi.

Ambaliyar ruwa ta kara tsanantawa a ranar 12 ga watan Satumba tare da sakin ruwa daga madatsar ruwan Lagdo a makwabciyar Kamaru. Ruwa mai yawa da aka saki daga madatsar ruwa ya rushe Kogi Benue da yankunan da kewaye da shi, ambaliyar ruwa a cikin jihohin Kogi, Benue da sauran jihohin da ke arewa maso gabas. Lokacin da aka gina madatsar ruwan Lagdo a shekarar 1982, akwai yarjejeniya da hukumomin Najeriya suka yi don gina madatsun ruwa na biyu a Jihar Adamawa don hana ambaliyar ruwa. An san shi da aikin madatsar ruwan Dasin Hausa, ya kasance a cikin ƙauyen Dasin na yankin karamar hukumar Fufore, amma gwamnatin Najeriya ba ta taɓa gina shi ba.

Ministan Harkokin Jama'a, Gudanar da Bala'i da Ci gaban Jama'a na Najeriya Sadiya Umar Farouq ta ce "akwai isasshen gargadi da bayanai game da ambaliyar 2022" ta zargi kananan hukumomi, jihohi, da al'ummomi da rashin yin aiki nan da nan duk da gargadi.

Gine-gine mara kyau a kan filayen ambaliyar ruwa da hanyoyin ruwan guguwa tare da tsarin magudanar ruwa mara kyau a yawancin wuraren zama sun toshe tashoshi tare da sharar gida. Rashin aiwatar da dokokin muhalli kawai ya kara tsananta matsaloli.

Duk da yake Najeriya tana fuskantar ambaliyar ruwa a kai a kai, ambaliyar 2022 ta kasance mafi muni tun bayan ambaliyar Najeriya ta 2012. Ambaliyar ruwa ta fara ne a farkon lokacin rani kuma ta shafi jihohi 33 daga cikin jihohin Najeriya 36 .

Fiye da mutane miliyan biyu ambaliyar ta shafa.^[4][5] Ya zuwa Oktoba, sama da mutane 600 sun mutu kuma sama da 2,400 sun ji rauni. Ya zuwa watan Agusta an sami mutuwar 372. ^[6][7] An yi la'akari da barkewar kwalara a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya ga gurɓataccen maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ta hanyar ambaliyar ruwa kuma tana da alhakin mutuwar akalla mutane 64.^[7]

Ambaliyar ta lalata gidaje sama da 200,000 gaba ɗaya ko kuma a wani ɓangare. Yawancin 'yan Najeriya da ke zaune a filayen ambaliyar ruwa ba za su iya motsawa ba kuma kawai su koma gidajensu da zarar matakan ruwa sun koma yadda ya kamata bayan ambaliyar shekara-shekara.

A cewar Hukumar Abinci da Aikin Gona ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Shirin Abinci na Duniya, Najeriya tana fuskantar babban haɗarin haɗarin yunwa. A cikin wani bayani a ranar 13 ga Oktoba, Mai Gudanar da Harkokin Jama'a na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Najeriya Matthias Schmale ya nuna cewa mutane miliyan 19 a Najeriya ba su da abinci mai kyau kuma yara miliyan 14.7 suna cikin haɗarin rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Kimanin yara 400,000 a arewa da arewa maso gabashin kasar da kuma wasu 500,000 a jihohin arewa maso yammacin Sokoto, Zamfara, da Katsina suna cikin haɗarin rashin abinci mai gina jiki.^[3]

Ana sa ran ambaliyar za ta ci gaba har zuwa Nuwamba ga jihohin kudancin Anambra, Delta, Rivers, Cross River da Bayelsa. Uku daga cikin tafkunan Najeriya, Kainji, Jebba, da Shiroro, ana sa ran cikawa.^[4]

A ƙarshen watan Agusta, ambaliyar ruwa mai tsanani a Jihar Adamawa ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 10 kuma ta lalata gidaje da yawa.^[8]

A ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2022, mutane 76 sun nitse bayan jirgin ruwa mai dauke da kaya da ke tserewa daga ambaliyar ruwa ya rushe.^[2] Ruwan Kogin Neja da ruwan sama sun kara hauhawar matakin ruwa. Al'ummomin Kogin a cikin jihar sun mamaye ambaliyar ruwa.

Cocin Katolika na Madonna mai hawa uku a Iyiowa, Anambra West ya rushe saboda ambaliyar ruwa a ranar 9 ga Oktoba.

• Crowther Memorial Primary School Camp, Onitsha, Jihar Anambra: Wannan sansanin ya kunshi wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa daga al'ummomi daban-daban wadanda suka hada da Mmiata-Anam, Umudora-Anam. Nzam, Ukwala, Inoma, da Owele daga Karamar Hukumar Anambra ta Yammacin jihar Anambra. Fursunoni a sansanin sun kai kimanin 1,800. Mata masu juna biyu 5 sun haifi jariransu a sansanin makarantar firamare ta Crowther Memorial, Onitsha. Koyaya, an kai su Babban Asibitin Onitsha don kulawa mai kyau bayan isar da su a sansanin IDP. ^[9]
• Yankin Majalisar Arewacin Onitsha Mutanen da suka rasa muhallinsu (IDP): sansanin IDP yana da kimanin mutane 400 daga Umuoba Anam da Ekpe Nneyi, Umueri a Yankin Majalisar Gabashin Anambra. Har ila yau, akwai wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa daga Jihar Delta da aka kwantar a sansanin inda aka rarraba kayan agaji da sauran abubuwan da suka dace.^[10][11]
• Gidan Gundumar Ogbaru: Wannan yana cikin al'ummar Atani. Koyaya, ambaliyar ruwa ta zo ta mamaye hedikwatar karamar hukuma yayin da fursunoni ke can. Mutane sun zo tare da jiragen ruwa kuma sun kwashe wadanda ambaliyar ta shafa wadanda suka makale. Ya zama bala'i biyu ga wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa.^[12]
• sansanin Umueri IDP ^[13]
• sansanin Aguleri IDP ^[13]

A yankin kudu, bayelsa, an tattara cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta shafi al'ummomi 300. Ba kasa da mutane miliyan 1.3 ne wadanda bala'in ya shafa ba. Kimanin mutane 96 sun mutu yayin da kimanin mutane miliyan 1.2 suka rasa muhallinsu.^[14] Rahoton ya ce Bincike kan tasirin ambaliyar ruwa ta 2022 a kan mazaunan Yenagoa, babban birnin Jihar Bayelsa, ya nuna cewa sama da kashi 71 zuwa 77 cikin dari na mazauna sun shafa ta hanyar rushewar gini, kayan gida sun ɓace, dabbobin da aka lalata da sauransu da yawa.^[15]

Tsakanin 26 ga Nuwamba da 7 ga Disamba 2022, an gano cewa ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa mutane 78,640 a wurare 18 a Jihar Delta.^[16]

Ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye Jihar Jigawa daga watan Agusta zuwa Satumba, inda akalla mutane 92 suka mutu.^[7]

1. ↑ Oguntola, Tunde (2022-10-17). "2022 Flood: 603 Dead, 1.3m Displaced Across Nigeria – Federal Govt" (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-11-07.
2. ↑ ^{2.0 2.1} "Nigerian boat accident death toll rises to 76, president says". The Guardian. 9 October 2022.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1} "UN / Nigeria Humanitarian Situation". United Nations UN Audiovisual Library (in Turanci). 13 October 2022.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} Akbarzai, Sahar; Smith, Karen; McCluskey, Mitchell (18 October 2022). "More than 600 killed in Nigeria's worst flooding in a decade". CNN.
5. ↑ Davies, Richard (12 October 2022). "Nigeria – Almost 800,000 Displaced, 500 Dead as Floods Worsen". FloodList.
6. ↑ Matthew Ogune Abuja (5 September 2022). "Flood kills 372 Nigerians in eight months, 508,000 persons affected – NEMA DG says". The Guardian.
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1 7.2} Davies, Richard (22 September 2022). "Nigeria – 300 Dead, 100,000 Displaced as Government Warns of Worsening Floods". FloodList.
8. ↑ Davies, Richard (26 August 2022). "Nigeria – 10 Dead After Severe Flash Floods in Adamawa State". FloodList.
9. ↑ "Five women give birth in Anambra IDP camp". Punch Newspapers (in Turanci). 2022-10-24. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
10. ↑ "Deltans flood IDP camps in Anambra – The Sun Nigeria". sunnewsonline.com. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
11. ↑ "Soludo visits IDP camps, seeks support for displaced persons". The Guardian (in Turanci). 2022-10-06. Archived from the original on 2023-02-26. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
12. ↑ Maduforo, Okey (2022-10-20). "Lamentations of flood victims in Anambra IDP camps". New Telegraph (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-02-26.
13. ↑ ^{13.0 13.1} "Flood: Metchie Decries Absence of NEMA, SEMA in Anambra IDP Camps – THISDAYLIVE". www.thisdaylive.com. Retrieved 2023-02-26.
14. ↑ "In Bayelsa, flood-ravaged residents groan as food, petrol prices surge". www.premiumtimesng.com. Retrieved 2023-09-15.
15. ↑ Nigeria, Guardian (2023-06-23). "Flood of fury: No respite for Bayelsa, Kogi, Rivers, 30 others ahead of another cloudburst". The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-09-15.
16. ↑ "Nigeria — Flood Rapid Needs Assessment Dashboard — Delta State (30 December 2022) | Displacement Tracking Matrix". dtm.iom.int. Retrieved 2023-08-21.