Habo

Habo
A three-year-old child with a minor nosebleed from falling and hitting his face on the floor
Symptoms	Bleeding from the nose[1]
Usual onset	Less than 10 and over 50 years old[2]
Risk factors	Trauma, excessive nose-picking, certain infections, blood thinners, high blood pressure, alcoholism, seasonal allergies, dry weather[3]
Diagnostic method	Direct observation[1]
Differential diagnosis	Bleeding from the lungs, esophageal varices,[1] vomiting blood
Prevention	Petroleum jelly in the nose[4]
Treatment	Pressure over the lower half of the nose, nasal packing, endoscopy[5]
Medication	Tranexamic acid[6]
Frequency	60% at some point in time[7]
Deaths	Rare[3]

Habo, wanda kuma aka sani da epistaxis, misali ne na zubar jini daga hanci . Jini na iya gangara zuwa cikin ciki, kuma yana haifar da tashin zuciya da amai . A lokutan da yayi tsanani, jini na iya fitowa daga cikin hanci biyu. ^[8] Bai cika faruwa ba, amma zubda jini na iya saka karfin hawan jini ya ragu. ^[1] Hakanan jini na iya fitowa daga duct na nasolacrimal kuma ya fita daga ido.

Abubuwan daka iya kawoshi sun hada da sun haɗa da rauni, ciki har da sanya yatsa a cikin hanci, masu ba da jini, hawan jini, shan barasa, rashin lafiyar yanayi, yanayin bushewa . ^[3] habo ya kasu gida biyu: na daya shine na gaba, wanda ya fi kowane yawa ; da na baya, wanda ba shi da yawa amma ya fi tsanani. Jinin na gaba gabaɗaya yana fitowa daga plexus Kiesselbach yayin da jini na baya gabaɗaya yana fitowa daga jijiya sphenopalatine . ^[3] Sakamakon ganewar asali shine ta hanyar kallo kai tsaye.

kariya daga faruwar hakan na iya haɗawa da amfani da jelly na man fetur a cikin hanci. ^[4] Da farko, magani gabaɗaya shine aikace-aikacen matsa lamba na akalla mintuna biyar akan ƙasan rabin hanci. ^[5] Idan wannan bai wadatar ba, ana iya amfani da tattarawar hanci . ^[5] Tranexamic acid kuma na iya taimakawa. ^[6] Idan zubar jini ya ci gaba, ana ba da shawarar endoscopy . ^[5]

Kusan kashi 60 cikin 100 na mutane sun taba yin habo a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Kusan kashi 10% na jinin hanci suna da tsanani. ^[7] Jinin hanci ba kasafai yake yin kisa ba, wanda ya kai 4 kawai daga cikin miliyan 2.4 da suka mutu a Amurka a shekarar 1999. Ciwon hanci ya fi shafar wadanda ke kasa da shekara 10 zuwa sama da 50. ^[2]

Habo na iya faruwa saboda dalilai da dama. Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani sun haɗa da rauni daga tsokalar hanci, rauni wanda ya tsananta (kamar haɗarin abin hawa), ko shigar da wani abu a cikin hanci (mafi yawa a yara). ^[9]Dangantakar zafi na muhalli (ciki har da gine-gine masu zafi na tsakiya), cututtuka na hanyoyin iska, , mura, rhinitis ko abubuwan da zasu iya canzawar hanci na iya haifar da kumburi da kaurarawar na fata din dake a cikin hanci, haifar da yiwuwar zubar da jini daga hanci.^[10]

Yawancin abubuwan da ke haifar habo da suna iya warkewa da kansu sannan kuma ba sa buƙatar kulawar likita., idan jini na hanci yana maimaitawa ko kuma bai amsa maganin gida ba, wani dalili na iya buƙatar bincike. An jera wasu abubuwan da ba a san su ba a ƙasa: ^{[11] [12] [13]}

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