The way some collection builtins (e.g. list, dict, ...) are defined in typeshed causes false positive with type checking, due to the incorrect MRO exposed by typeshed.

For example,

from typing import Optional
from collections.abc import MutableSequence


class Item:
    def __init__(self, comment: Optional[str] = None):
        self._comment = comment


class Array(Item, MutableSequence, list):
    def __init__(self, values: list, comment: Optional[str] = None):
        Item.__init__(self, comment)
        list.__init__(self, values)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = Array([0, 1, 2])
    print([p.__name__ for p in a.__class__.__mro__])

main.py:10: error: Cannot determine consistent method resolution order (MRO) for "Array"  [misc]
main.py:12: error: Argument 1 to "__init__" of "Item" has incompatible type "Array"; expected "Item"  [arg-type]
main.py:13: error: No overload variant of "__init__" of "list" matches argument types "Array", "list[Any]"  [call-overload]
main.py:13: note: Possible overload variants:
main.py:13: note:     def [_T] __init__(self: list[_T]) -> None
main.py:13: note:     def [_T] __init__(self: list[_T], Iterable[_T], /) -> None
Found 3 errors in 1 file (checked 1 source file)

https://mypy-play.net/?mypy=latest&python=3.12&gist=dc0042ce469e49dc22de0c91384d4588

Note that this does not correspond to the real implementation. When I run the script above, no runtime error is found. Instead, this is the output:

$ python3.12 main.py
['Array', 'Item', 'MutableSequence', 'Sequence', 'Reversible', 'Collection', 'Sized', 'Iterable', 'Container', 'list', 'object']

So my guess is that typeshed should not tell mypy that "list and co" are subclasses of "MutableSequence and co".

Note:

while this particular choice of inheritance is debatable, it is fundamental for the way some libraries work, e.g. tomlkit work. It uses MutableSequence as a mixin, so that I gets MutableSequence methods for free, but it also want the custom objects to be considered lists themselves, so the users can use the API transparently as if they were dealing with built-in objects (this is an important aspect of the design).

Related: python/mypy#11427