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eCapture(旁观者): capture SSL/TLS text content without a CA certificate using eBPF.

Important

Supports Linux/Android kernel versions x86_64 4.18 and above, aarch64 5.5 and above. Need ROOT permission. Does not support Windows and macOS system.

---

• Introduction
• Getting started
  • Download
    • ELF binary file
    • Docker image
  • Capture openssl text content.
  • Modules
    • OpenSSL Module
    • GoTLS Module
    • Other Modules
  • Videos
• Contributing
• Compilation

Introduction

• SSL/TLS plaintext capture, support openssl\libressl\boringssl\gnutls\nspr(nss) libraries.
• GoTLS plaintext support go tls library, which refers to encrypted communication in https/tls programs written in the golang language.
• bash audit, capture bash command for Host Security Audit.
• mysql query SQL audit, support mysqld 5.6\5.7\8.0, and mariadDB.

Getting started

Download

ELF binary file

Tip

support Linux/Android x86_64/aarch64.

Download ELF zip file release , unzip and use by command sudo ecapture --help.

Docker image

Tip

Linux only.

# pull docker image
docker pull gojue/ecapture:latest
# run
docker run --rm --privileged=true --net=host -v ${HOST_PATH}:${CONTAINER_PATH} gojue/ecapture ARGS

see Docker Hub for more information.

Capture openssl text content.

sudo ecapture tls
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF AppName="eCapture(旁观者)"
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF HomePage=https://ecapture.cc
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Repository=https://github.com/gojue/ecapture
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Author="CFC4N <cfc4ncs@gmail.com>"
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Description="Capturing SSL/TLS plaintext without a CA certificate using eBPF. Supported on Linux/Android kernels for amd64/arm64."
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Version=linux_arm64:0.8.6-20240915-d87ae48:5.15.0-113-generic
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Listen=localhost:28256
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF eCapture running logs logger=
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF the file handler that receives the captured event eventCollector=
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF listen=localhost:28256
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF https server starting...You can update the configuration file via the HTTP interface.
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z WRN ========== module starting. ==========
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Kernel Info=5.15.152 Pid=233698
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF BTF bytecode mode: CORE. btfMode=0
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF master key keylogger has been set. eBPFProgramType=Text keylogger=
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF module initialization. isReload=false moduleName=EBPFProbeOPENSSL
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Module.Run()
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z WRN OpenSSL/BoringSSL version not found from shared library file, used default version OpenSSL Version=linux_default_3_0
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF Hook masterKey function ElfType=2 Functions=["SSL_get_wbio","SSL_in_before","SSL_do_handshake"] binrayPath=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.3
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF target all process.
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF target all users.
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF setupManagers eBPFProgramType=Text
2024-09-15T11:51:31Z INF BPF bytecode file is matched. bpfFileName=user/bytecode/openssl_3_0_0_kern_core.o
2024-09-15T11:51:32Z INF perfEventReader created mapSize(MB)=4
2024-09-15T11:51:32Z INF perfEventReader created mapSize(MB)=4
2024-09-15T11:51:32Z INF module started successfully. isReload=false moduleName=EBPFProbeOPENSSL
2024-09-15T11:51:53Z ??? UUID:233851_233851_curl_5_1_172.16.71.1:51837, Name:HTTP2Request, Type:2, Length:304

Frame Type	=>	SETTINGS

Frame Type	=>	WINDOW_UPDATE

Frame Type	=>	HEADERS
header field ":method" = "GET"
header field ":path" = "/"
header field ":scheme" = "https"
header field ":authority" = "google.com"
header field "user-agent" = "curl/7.81.0"
header field "accept" = "*/*"

Frame Type	=>	SETTINGS

2024-09-15T11:51:53Z ??? UUID:233851_233851_curl_5_0_172.16.71.1:51837, Name:HTTP2Response, Type:4, Length:1160

Frame Type	=>	SETTINGS

Frame Type	=>	WINDOW_UPDATE

Frame Type	=>	SETTINGS

Frame Type	=>	HEADERS
header field ":status" = "301"
header field "location" = "https://www.google.com/"
header field "content-type" = "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
header field "content-security-policy-report-only" = "object-src 'none';base-uri 'self';script-src 'nonce-qvZZ0XreBfeqRnUEV1WoYw' 'strict-dynamic' 'report-sample' 'unsafe-eval' 'unsafe-inline' https: http:;report-uri https://csp.withgoogle.com/csp/gws/other-hp"
header field "date" = "Sun, 15 Sep 2024 11:51:52 GMT"
header field "expires" = "Tue, 15 Oct 2024 11:51:52 GMT"
header field "cache-control" = "public, max-age=2592000"
header field "server" = "gws"
header field "content-length" = "220"
header field "x-xss-protection" = "0"
header field "x-frame-options" = "SAMEORIGIN"
header field "alt-svc" = "h3=\":443\"; ma=2592000,h3-29=\":443\"; ma=2592000"

Frame Type	=>	PING

Frame Type	=>	DATA
<HTML><HEAD><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>301 Moved</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H1>301 Moved</H1>
The document has moved
<A HREF="https://www.google.com/">here</A>.
</BODY></HTML>

Modules

The eCapture tool comprises 8 modules that respectively support plaintext capture for TLS/SSL encryption libraries like OpenSSL, GnuTLS, NSPR, BoringSSL, and GoTLS. Additionally, it facilitates software audits for Bash, MySQL, and PostgreSQL applications.

• bash capture bash command
• gnutls capture gnutls text content without CA cert for gnutls libraries.
• gotls Capturing plaintext communication from Golang programs encrypted with TLS/HTTPS.
• mysqld capture sql queries from mysqld 5.6/5.7/8.0 .
• nss capture nss/nspr encrypted text content without CA cert for nss/nspr libraries.
• postgres capture sql queries from postgres 10+.
• tls use to capture tls/ssl text content without CA cert. (Support openssl 1.0.x/1.1.x/3.0.x or newer). You can use ecapture -h to view the list of subcommands.

OpenSSL Module

eCapture search /etc/ld.so.conf file default, to search load directories of SO file, and search openssl shard libraries location. or you can use --libssl flag to set shard library path.

If target program is compile statically, you can set program path as --libssl flag value directly。

The OpenSSL module supports three capture modes:

• pcap/pcapng mode stores captured plaintext data in pcap-NG format.
• keylog/key mode saves the TLS handshake keys to a file.
• text mode directly captures plaintext data, either outputting to a specified file or printing to the command line.

Pcap Mode

Supported TLS encrypted http 1.0/1.1/2.0 over TCP, and http3 QUIC protocol over UDP. You can specify -m pcap or -m pcapng and use it in conjunction with --pcapfile and -i parameters. The default value for --pcapfile is ecapture_openssl.pcapng.

sudo ecapture tls -m pcap -i eth0 --pcapfile=ecapture.pcapng tcp port 443

This command saves captured plaintext data packets as a pcapng file, which can be viewed using Wireshark.

sudo ecapture tls -m pcap -w ecap.pcapng -i ens160
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF AppName="eCapture(旁观者)"
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF HomePage=https://ecapture.cc
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Repository=https://github.com/gojue/ecapture
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Author="CFC4N <cfc4ncs@gmail.com>"
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Description="Capturing SSL/TLS plaintext without a CA certificate using eBPF. Supported on Linux/Android kernels for amd64/arm64."
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Version=linux_arm64:0.8.6-20240915-d87ae48:5.15.0-113-generic
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Listen=localhost:28256
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF eCapture running logs logger=
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF the file handler that receives the captured event eventCollector=
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z WRN ========== module starting. ==========
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Kernel Info=5.15.152 Pid=230440
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF BTF bytecode mode: CORE. btfMode=0
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF listen=localhost:28256
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF module initialization. isReload=false moduleName=EBPFProbeOPENSSL
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Module.Run()
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF https server starting...You can update the configuration file via the HTTP interface.
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z WRN OpenSSL/BoringSSL version not found from shared library file, used default version OpenSSL Version=linux_default_3_0
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF HOOK type:Openssl elf ElfType=2 IFindex=2 IFname=ens160 PcapFilter= binrayPath=/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.3
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF Hook masterKey function Functions=["SSL_get_wbio","SSL_in_before","SSL_do_handshake"]
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF target all process.
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF target all users.
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF setupManagers eBPFProgramType=PcapNG
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF BPF bytecode file is matched. bpfFileName=user/bytecode/openssl_3_0_0_kern_core.o
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF packets saved into pcapng file. pcapng path=/home/ecapture/ecap.pcapng
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF perfEventReader created mapSize(MB)=4
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF perfEventReader created mapSize(MB)=4
2024-09-15T06:54:12Z INF module started successfully. isReload=false moduleName=EBPFProbeOPENSSL
2024-09-15T06:54:14Z INF packets saved into pcapng file. count=4
2024-09-15T06:54:16Z INF non-TLSv1.3 cipher suite found CLientRandom=f08e8d784962d1693c042f9fe266345507ccfaba58b823904a357f30dbfa1e71 CipherId=0
2024-09-15T06:54:16Z INF non-TLSv1.3 cipher suite found CLientRandom=f08e8d784962d1693c042f9fe266345507ccfaba58b823904a357f30dbfa1e71 CipherId=0
2024-09-15T06:54:16Z INF packets saved into pcapng file. count=183
2024-09-15T06:54:16Z INF CLIENT_RANDOM save success CLientRandom=f08e8d784962d1693c042f9fe266345507ccfaba58b823904a357f30dbfa1e71 TlsVersion=TLS1_2_VERSION bytes=176
2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF packets saved into pcapng file. count=65
^C2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF module close.
2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF packets saved into pcapng file. count=3
2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF packets saved into pcapng file. count=255
2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF Module closed,message recived from Context
2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF iModule module close
2024-09-15T06:54:18Z INF bye bye.

Used Wireshark to open ecap.pcapng file to view the plaintext data packets.

Keylog Mode

You can specify -m keylog or -m key and use it in conjunction with the --keylogfile parameter, which defaults to ecapture_masterkey.log.

The captured OpenSSL TLS Master Secret information is saved to --keylogfile. You can also enable tcpdump packet capture and then use Wireshark to open the file and set the Master Secret path to view plaintext data packets.

sudo ecapture tls -m keylog -keylogfile=openssl_keylog.log

You can also directly use the tshark software for real-time decryption and display:

tshark -o tls.keylog_file:ecapture_masterkey.log -Y http -T fields -e http.file_data -f "port 443" -i eth0

Text Mode

sudo ecapture tls -m text will output all plaintext data packets. (Starting from v0.7.0, it no longer captures SSLKEYLOG information.)

GoTLS Module

Similar to the OpenSSL module.

gotls command

capture tls text context.

Step 1:

sudo ecapture gotls --elfpath=/home/cfc4n/go_https_client --hex

Step 2:

/home/cfc4n/go_https_client

more help

sudo ecapture gotls -h

Other Modules

such as bash\mysqld\postgres modules, you can use ecapture -h to view the list of subcommands.

Videos

• Youtube video: How to use eCapture v0.1.0
• eCapture:supports capturing plaintext of Golang TLS/HTTPS traffic

Stargazers over time

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING for details on submitting patches and the contribution workflow.

Compilation

See COMPILATION for details on compiling the eCapture source code.