zaa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "zaa"

Translingual

zaa

zaa (plural zaas)

The letter ظ in the Arabic script.
- 2006, Coleman South, Leslie Jermyn, Syria, page 95:
  Z (zaa): a loose-tongued z; same as above.
- 2013, Jane Wightwick, Mahmoud Gaafar, Colloquial Arabic of Egypt:
  the letter Zaa, formally an emphatic 'z', but often pronounced as an emphatic 'd' in Egyptian Arabic

letter

-zaa (infinitive kuzaa)

Conjugation of -zaa

Infinitives

Positive	kuzaa
Negative	kutozaa

Imperatives

Singular	zaa
Plural	zaeni

Tensed forms

Habitual	huzaa
Positive past	positive subject concord + -lizaa
Negative past	negative subject concord + -kuzaa

Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazaa)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		ninazaa/nazaa	tunazaa
2nd person		unazaa	mnazaa
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	anazaa	wanazaa
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -nazaa

Negative present (negative subject concord + -zai)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		sizai	hatuzai
2nd person		huzai	hamzai
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	hazai	hawazai
3rd person	other classes	negative subject concord + -zai

Positive future	positive subject concord + -tazaa
Negative future	negative subject concord + -tazaa

Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zae)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nizae	tuzae
2nd person		uzae	mzae
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	azae	wazae
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -zae

Negative subjunctive	positive subject concord + -sizae
Positive present conditional	positive subject concord + -ngezaa
Negative present conditional	positive subject concord + -singezaa
Positive past conditional	positive subject concord + -ngalizaa
Negative past conditional	positive subject concord + -singalizaa

Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azaa)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nazaa	twazaa
2nd person		wazaa	mwazaa
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	azaa	wazaa
	m-mi_(III/IV)	wazaa	yazaa
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	lazaa	yazaa
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	chazaa	vyazaa
	n_(IX/X)	yazaa	zazaa
	u_(XI)	wazaa	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	kwazaa
	pa_(XVI)	pazaa
	mu_(XVIII)	mwazaa

Perfect	positive subject concord + -mezaa
"Already"	positive subject concord + -meshazaa
"Not yet"	negative subject concord + -jazaa
"If/When"	positive subject concord + -kizaa
"If not"	positive subject concord + -sipozaa
Consecutive	kazaa / positive subject concord + -kazaa
Consecutive subjunctive	positive subject concord + -kazae

Object concord (indicative positive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		-nizaa	-tuzaa
2nd person		-kuzaa	-wazaa/-kuzaeni/-wazaeni
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	-mzaa	-wazaa
	m-mi_(III/IV)	-uzaa	-izaa
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	-lizaa	-yazaa
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-kizaa	-vizaa
	n_(IX/X)	-izaa	-zizaa
	u_(XI)	-uzaa	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	-kuzaa
	pa_(XVI)	-pazaa
	mu_(XVIII)	-muzaa
Reflexive		-jizaa

Relative forms

General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zaa- + relative marker)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-zaaye	-zaao
m-mi_(III/IV)	-zaao	-zaayo
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-zaalo	-zaayo
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-zaacho	-zaavyo
n_(IX/X)	-zaayo	-zaazo
u_(XI)	-zaao	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-zaako
pa_(XVI)	-zaapo
mu_(XVIII)	-zaamo

Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zaa)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-yezaa	-ozaa
m-mi_(III/IV)	-ozaa	-yozaa
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-lozaa	-yozaa
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-chozaa	-vyozaa
n_(IX/X)	-yozaa	-zozaa
u_(XI)	-ozaa	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-kozaa
pa_(XVI)	-pozaa
mu_(XVIII)	-mozaa

Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -zalia
- Causative: -zalisha
- Passive: -zaliwa (“be born”), -zawa

Nominal derivations:
- kizazi (“lineage”)
- mzazi (“parent”)
- uzazi (“parenthood”)
- zao (“offspring; crops (in the plural)”)