(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
-yala
- (transitive) to warn
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuyala
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuyala
|
ukungayali
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
yala
|
-yale
|
Plural
|
yalani
|
-yaleni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyayala, ngiyala
|
engiyalayo, engiyala
|
ngiyala
|
angiyali
|
engingayali
|
ngingayali
|
2nd singular
|
uyayala, uyala
|
oyalayo, oyala
|
uyala
|
awuyali
|
ongayali
|
ungayali
|
1st plural
|
siyayala, siyala
|
esiyalayo, esiyala
|
siyala
|
asiyali
|
esingayali
|
singayali
|
2nd plural
|
niyayala, niyala
|
eniyalayo, eniyala
|
niyala
|
aniyali
|
eningayali
|
ningayali
|
Class 1
|
uyayala, uyala
|
oyalayo, oyala
|
eyala
|
akayali
|
ongayali
|
engayali
|
Class 2
|
bayayala, bayala
|
abayalayo, abayala
|
beyala
|
abayali
|
abangayali
|
bengayali
|
Class 3
|
uyayala, uyala
|
oyalayo, oyala
|
uyala
|
awuyali
|
ongayali
|
ungayali
|
Class 4
|
iyayala, iyala
|
eyalayo, eyala
|
iyala
|
ayiyali
|
engayali
|
ingayali
|
Class 5
|
liyayala, liyala
|
eliyalayo, eliyala
|
liyala
|
aliyali
|
elingayali
|
lingayali
|
Class 6
|
ayayala, ayala
|
ayalayo, ayala
|
eyala
|
awayali
|
angayali
|
engayali
|
Class 7
|
siyayala, siyala
|
esiyalayo, esiyala
|
siyala
|
asiyali
|
esingayali
|
singayali
|
Class 8
|
ziyayala, ziyala
|
eziyalayo, eziyala
|
ziyala
|
aziyali
|
ezingayali
|
zingayali
|
Class 9
|
iyayala, iyala
|
eyalayo, eyala
|
iyala
|
ayiyali
|
engayali
|
ingayali
|
Class 10
|
ziyayala, ziyala
|
eziyalayo, eziyala
|
ziyala
|
aziyali
|
ezingayali
|
zingayali
|
Class 11
|
luyayala, luyala
|
oluyalayo, oluyala
|
luyala
|
aluyali
|
olungayali
|
lungayali
|
Class 14
|
buyayala, buyala
|
obuyalayo, obuyala
|
buyala
|
abuyali
|
obungayali
|
bungayali
|
Class 15
|
kuyayala, kuyala
|
okuyalayo, okuyala
|
kuyala
|
akuyali
|
okungayali
|
kungayali
|
Class 17
|
kuyayala, kuyala
|
okuyalayo, okuyala
|
kuyala
|
akuyali
|
okungayali
|
kungayali
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyalile, ngiyalē
|
engiyalile, engiyalē
|
ngiyalile, ngiyalē
|
angiyalanga
|
engingayalanga
|
ngingayalanga
|
2nd singular
|
uyalile, uyalē
|
oyalile, oyalē
|
uyalile, uyalē
|
awuyalanga
|
ongayalanga
|
ungayalanga
|
1st plural
|
siyalile, siyalē
|
esiyalile, esiyalē
|
siyalile, siyalē
|
asiyalanga
|
esingayalanga
|
singayalanga
|
2nd plural
|
niyalile, niyalē
|
eniyalile, eniyalē
|
niyalile, niyalē
|
aniyalanga
|
eningayalanga
|
ningayalanga
|
Class 1
|
uyalile, uyalē
|
oyalile, oyalē
|
eyalile, eyalē
|
akayalanga
|
ongayalanga
|
engayalanga
|
Class 2
|
bayalile, bayalē
|
abayalile, abayalē
|
beyalile, beyalē
|
abayalanga
|
abangayalanga
|
bengayalanga
|
Class 3
|
uyalile, uyalē
|
oyalile, oyalē
|
uyalile, uyalē
|
awuyalanga
|
ongayalanga
|
ungayalanga
|
Class 4
|
iyalile, iyalē
|
eyalile, eyalē
|
iyalile, iyalē
|
ayiyalanga
|
engayalanga
|
ingayalanga
|
Class 5
|
liyalile, liyalē
|
eliyalile, eliyalē
|
liyalile, liyalē
|
aliyalanga
|
elingayalanga
|
lingayalanga
|
Class 6
|
ayalile, ayalē
|
ayalile, ayalē
|
eyalile, eyalē
|
awayalanga
|
angayalanga
|
engayalanga
|
Class 7
|
siyalile, siyalē
|
esiyalile, esiyalē
|
siyalile, siyalē
|
asiyalanga
|
esingayalanga
|
singayalanga
|
Class 8
|
ziyalile, ziyalē
|
eziyalile, eziyalē
|
ziyalile, ziyalē
|
aziyalanga
|
ezingayalanga
|
zingayalanga
|
Class 9
|
iyalile, iyalē
|
eyalile, eyalē
|
iyalile, iyalē
|
ayiyalanga
|
engayalanga
|
ingayalanga
|
Class 10
|
ziyalile, ziyalē
|
eziyalile, eziyalē
|
ziyalile, ziyalē
|
aziyalanga
|
ezingayalanga
|
zingayalanga
|
Class 11
|
luyalile, luyalē
|
oluyalile, oluyalē
|
luyalile, luyalē
|
aluyalanga
|
olungayalanga
|
lungayalanga
|
Class 14
|
buyalile, buyalē
|
obuyalile, obuyalē
|
buyalile, buyalē
|
abuyalanga
|
obungayalanga
|
bungayalanga
|
Class 15
|
kuyalile, kuyalē
|
okuyalile, okuyalē
|
kuyalile, kuyalē
|
akuyalanga
|
okungayalanga
|
kungayalanga
|
Class 17
|
kuyalile, kuyalē
|
okuyalile, okuyalē
|
kuyalile, kuyalē
|
akuyalanga
|
okungayalanga
|
kungayalanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāyala
|
engāyala
|
ngāyala
|
angiyalanga
|
engingayalanga
|
ngingayalanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāyala
|
owāyala
|
wāyala
|
awuyalanga
|
ongayalanga
|
ungayalanga
|
1st plural
|
sāyala
|
esāyala
|
sāyala
|
asiyalanga
|
esingayalanga
|
singayalanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāyala
|
enāyala
|
nāyala
|
aniyalanga
|
eningayalanga
|
ningayalanga
|
Class 1
|
wāyala
|
owāyala
|
āyala
|
akayalanga
|
ongayalanga
|
engayalanga
|
Class 2
|
bāyala
|
abāyala
|
bāyala
|
abayalanga
|
abangayalanga
|
bengayalanga
|
Class 3
|
wāyala
|
owāyala
|
wāyala
|
awuyalanga
|
ongayalanga
|
ungayalanga
|
Class 4
|
yāyala
|
eyāyala
|
yāyala
|
ayiyalanga
|
engayalanga
|
ingayalanga
|
Class 5
|
lāyala
|
elāyala
|
lāyala
|
aliyalanga
|
elingayalanga
|
lingayalanga
|
Class 6
|
āyala
|
āyala
|
āyala
|
awayalanga
|
angayalanga
|
engayalanga
|
Class 7
|
sāyala
|
esāyala
|
sāyala
|
asiyalanga
|
esingayalanga
|
singayalanga
|
Class 8
|
zāyala
|
ezāyala
|
zāyala
|
aziyalanga
|
ezingayalanga
|
zingayalanga
|
Class 9
|
yāyala
|
eyāyala
|
yāyala
|
ayiyalanga
|
engayalanga
|
ingayalanga
|
Class 10
|
zāyala
|
ezāyala
|
zāyala
|
aziyalanga
|
ezingayalanga
|
zingayalanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāyala
|
olwāyala
|
lwāyala
|
aluyalanga
|
olungayalanga
|
lungayalanga
|
Class 14
|
bāyala
|
obāyala
|
bāyala
|
abuyalanga
|
obungayalanga
|
bungayalanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāyala
|
okwāyala
|
kwāyala
|
akuyalanga
|
okungayalanga
|
kungayalanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāyala
|
okwāyala
|
kwāyala
|
akuyalanga
|
okungayalanga
|
kungayalanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingayala
|
—
|
ngingayala
|
ngingeyale
|
—
|
ngingeyale
|
2nd singular
|
ungayala
|
—
|
ungayala
|
ungeyale
|
—
|
ungeyale
|
1st plural
|
singayala
|
—
|
singayala
|
singeyale
|
—
|
singeyale
|
2nd plural
|
ningayala
|
—
|
ningayala
|
ningeyale
|
—
|
ningeyale
|
Class 1
|
angayala
|
—
|
engayala
|
angeyale
|
—
|
engeyale
|
Class 2
|
bangayala
|
—
|
bengayala
|
bangeyale
|
—
|
bengeyale
|
Class 3
|
ungayala
|
—
|
ungayala
|
ungeyale
|
—
|
ungeyale
|
Class 4
|
ingayala
|
—
|
ingayala
|
ingeyale
|
—
|
ingeyale
|
Class 5
|
lingayala
|
—
|
lingayala
|
lingeyale
|
—
|
lingeyale
|
Class 6
|
angayala
|
—
|
engayala
|
angeyale
|
—
|
engeyale
|
Class 7
|
singayala
|
—
|
singayala
|
singeyale
|
—
|
singeyale
|
Class 8
|
zingayala
|
—
|
zingayala
|
zingeyale
|
—
|
zingeyale
|
Class 9
|
ingayala
|
—
|
ingayala
|
ingeyale
|
—
|
ingeyale
|
Class 10
|
zingayala
|
—
|
zingayala
|
zingeyale
|
—
|
zingeyale
|
Class 11
|
lungayala
|
—
|
lungayala
|
lungeyale
|
—
|
lungeyale
|
Class 14
|
bungayala
|
—
|
bungayala
|
bungeyale
|
—
|
bungeyale
|
Class 15
|
kungayala
|
—
|
kungayala
|
kungeyale
|
—
|
kungeyale
|
Class 17
|
kungayala
|
—
|
kungayala
|
kungeyale
|
—
|
kungeyale
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoyala
|
engizoyala
|
ngizoyala
|
angizuyala
|
engingezuyala
|
ngingezuyala
|
2nd singular
|
uzoyala
|
ozoyala
|
uzoyala
|
awuzuyala
|
ongezuyala
|
ungezuyala
|
1st plural
|
sizoyala
|
esizoyala
|
sizoyala
|
asizuyala
|
esingezuyala
|
singezuyala
|
2nd plural
|
nizoyala
|
enizoyala
|
nizoyala
|
anizuyala
|
eningezuyala
|
ningezuyala
|
Class 1
|
uzoyala
|
ozoyala
|
ezoyala
|
akazuyala
|
ongezuyala
|
engezuyala
|
Class 2
|
bazoyala
|
abazoyala
|
bezoyala
|
abazuyala
|
abangezuyala
|
bengezuyala
|
Class 3
|
uzoyala
|
ozoyala
|
uzoyala
|
awuzuyala
|
ongezuyala
|
ungezuyala
|
Class 4
|
izoyala
|
ezoyala
|
izoyala
|
ayizuyala
|
engezuyala
|
ingezuyala
|
Class 5
|
lizoyala
|
elizoyala
|
lizoyala
|
alizuyala
|
elingezuyala
|
lingezuyala
|
Class 6
|
azoyala
|
azoyala
|
ezoyala
|
awazuyala
|
angezuyala
|
engezuyala
|
Class 7
|
sizoyala
|
esizoyala
|
sizoyala
|
asizuyala
|
esingezuyala
|
singezuyala
|
Class 8
|
zizoyala
|
ezizoyala
|
zizoyala
|
azizuyala
|
ezingezuyala
|
zingezuyala
|
Class 9
|
izoyala
|
ezoyala
|
izoyala
|
ayizuyala
|
engezuyala
|
ingezuyala
|
Class 10
|
zizoyala
|
ezizoyala
|
zizoyala
|
azizuyala
|
ezingezuyala
|
zingezuyala
|
Class 11
|
luzoyala
|
oluzoyala
|
luzoyala
|
aluzuyala
|
olungezuyala
|
lungezuyala
|
Class 14
|
buzoyala
|
obuzoyala
|
buzoyala
|
abuzuyala
|
obungezuyala
|
bungezuyala
|
Class 15
|
kuzoyala
|
okuzoyala
|
kuzoyala
|
akuzuyala
|
okungezuyala
|
kungezuyala
|
Class 17
|
kuzoyala
|
okuzoyala
|
kuzoyala
|
akuzuyala
|
okungezuyala
|
kungezuyala
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoyala
|
engiyoyala
|
ngiyoyala
|
angiyuyala
|
engingeyuyala
|
ngingeyuyala
|
2nd singular
|
uyoyala
|
oyoyala
|
uyoyala
|
awuyuyala
|
ongeyuyala
|
ungeyuyala
|
1st plural
|
siyoyala
|
esiyoyala
|
siyoyala
|
asiyuyala
|
esingeyuyala
|
singeyuyala
|
2nd plural
|
niyoyala
|
eniyoyala
|
niyoyala
|
aniyuyala
|
eningeyuyala
|
ningeyuyala
|
Class 1
|
uyoyala
|
oyoyala
|
eyoyala
|
akayuyala
|
ongeyuyala
|
engeyuyala
|
Class 2
|
bayoyala
|
abayoyala
|
beyoyala
|
abayuyala
|
abangeyuyala
|
bengeyuyala
|
Class 3
|
uyoyala
|
oyoyala
|
uyoyala
|
awuyuyala
|
ongeyuyala
|
ungeyuyala
|
Class 4
|
iyoyala
|
eyoyala
|
iyoyala
|
ayiyuyala
|
engeyuyala
|
ingeyuyala
|
Class 5
|
liyoyala
|
eliyoyala
|
liyoyala
|
aliyuyala
|
elingeyuyala
|
lingeyuyala
|
Class 6
|
ayoyala
|
ayoyala
|
eyoyala
|
awayuyala
|
angeyuyala
|
engeyuyala
|
Class 7
|
siyoyala
|
esiyoyala
|
siyoyala
|
asiyuyala
|
esingeyuyala
|
singeyuyala
|
Class 8
|
ziyoyala
|
eziyoyala
|
ziyoyala
|
aziyuyala
|
ezingeyuyala
|
zingeyuyala
|
Class 9
|
iyoyala
|
eyoyala
|
iyoyala
|
ayiyuyala
|
engeyuyala
|
ingeyuyala
|
Class 10
|
ziyoyala
|
eziyoyala
|
ziyoyala
|
aziyuyala
|
ezingeyuyala
|
zingeyuyala
|
Class 11
|
luyoyala
|
oluyoyala
|
luyoyala
|
aluyuyala
|
olungeyuyala
|
lungeyuyala
|
Class 14
|
buyoyala
|
obuyoyala
|
buyoyala
|
abuyuyala
|
obungeyuyala
|
bungeyuyala
|
Class 15
|
kuyoyala
|
okuyoyala
|
kuyoyala
|
akuyuyala
|
okungeyuyala
|
kungeyuyala
|
Class 17
|
kuyoyala
|
okuyoyala
|
kuyoyala
|
akuyuyala
|
okungeyuyala
|
kungeyuyala
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiyale
|
ngingayali
|
2nd singular
|
uyale
|
ungayali
|
1st plural
|
siyale
|
singayali
|
2nd plural
|
niyale
|
ningayali
|
Class 1
|
ayale
|
angayali
|
Class 2
|
bayale
|
bangayali
|
Class 3
|
uyale
|
ungayali
|
Class 4
|
iyale
|
ingayali
|
Class 5
|
liyale
|
lingayali
|
Class 6
|
ayale
|
angayali
|
Class 7
|
siyale
|
singayali
|
Class 8
|
ziyale
|
zingayali
|
Class 9
|
iyale
|
ingayali
|
Class 10
|
ziyale
|
zingayali
|
Class 11
|
luyale
|
lungayali
|
Class 14
|
buyale
|
bungayali
|
Class 15
|
kuyale
|
kungayali
|
Class 17
|
kuyale
|
kungayali
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngayala
|
ngangayala, angayala, angangayala
|
2nd singular
|
wayala
|
wangayala, awayala, awangayala
|
1st plural
|
sayala
|
sangayala, asayala, asangayala
|
2nd plural
|
nayala
|
nangayala, anayala, anangayala
|
Class 1
|
wayala
|
wangayala, akayala, akangayala
|
Class 2
|
bayala
|
bangayala, abayala, abangayala
|
Class 3
|
wayala
|
wangayala, awayala, awangayala
|
Class 4
|
yayala
|
yangayala, ayayala, ayangayala
|
Class 5
|
layala
|
langayala, alayala, alangayala
|
Class 6
|
ayala
|
angayala, awayala, awangayala
|
Class 7
|
sayala
|
sangayala, asayala, asangayala
|
Class 8
|
zayala
|
zangayala, azayala, azangayala
|
Class 9
|
yayala
|
yangayala, ayayala, ayangayala
|
Class 10
|
zayala
|
zangayala, azayala, azangayala
|
Class 11
|
lwayala
|
lwangayala, alwayala, alwangayala
|
Class 14
|
bayala
|
bangayala, abayala, abangayala
|
Class 15
|
kwayala
|
kwangayala, akwayala, akwangayala
|
Class 17
|
kwayala
|
kwangayala, akwayala, akwangayala
|