sie
English
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English sien, from Old English sīgan (“to sink, descend”), from Proto-Germanic *sīganą, *sīhwaną (“to strain, drop”), from Proto-Indo-European *seyk- (“to pour, strain”). Cognate with Dutch zijgen (“to filter”), German seihen (“to strain, sieve”), Icelandic síga (“to lower”).
Alternative forms
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /saɪ/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -aɪ
Verb
editsie (third-person singular simple present sies, present participle sying, simple past and past participle sied)
- (intransitive) To sink; fall; drop.
- (intransitive) To fall, as in a swoon; faint.
- (intransitive, dialectal) To drop, as water; trickle.
- (transitive) To sift.
- (transitive, dialectal) To strain, as milk; filter.
Noun
editsie (plural sies)
- A drop.
Related terms
editEtymology 2
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editsie (third person singular, gender-neutral, nominative case, accusative sir, possessive adjective hir, possessive noun hirs, reflexive hirself)
- (rare, nonstandard) Gender-neutral subject pronoun, grammatically equivalent to the gendered pronouns he and she
- 1993 September 24, Alex Martelli, “punishment vs ethics (was Re: Discipline my daughters)”, in alt.sex.bondage (Usenet):
- If the child is about the intellectual equal of the parent, sie will eventually start holding hir own in discussions, […]
- 2011 May 19, Ken Wickham, The Other Genders: Androgyne, Genderqueer, Non-Binary Gender Variant[2], CreateSpace, →ISBN, page 7:
- Sie may feel that hir actual identity of hir gender is supposed to be both/neither male or female, outside of gender, third gender, beyond gender, absence of gender, mixing gender, changing gender, or all genders.
- 2011 August 16, Petra Kuppers, Disability Culture and Community Performance: Find a Strange and Twisted Shape[3], New York: Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, LCC PN1590.H36 K87 2011, page 18:
- When I asked hir about hir preferred self-identification in this scene, sie offered me this language, 'sie sharply performs the hotness of teasing all the audience from the edge-space of androgyny.'
Alternative forms
editSynonyms
editAnagrams
editChibcha
editNoun
editsie
References
edit- Comparative Chibchan Phonology (1981)
Finnish
editEtymology
editDialectal variant of sinä (through siä); see it and its etymon, Proto-Finnic *cinä, for more.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
edit- (personal) you (second-person singular personal pronoun)
Usage notes
edit- The siu- stem is used in eastern Finland, not in Lapland.
Synonyms
edit- sinä (standard Finnish; see it for full list)
Anagrams
editGerman
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle High German siu, si, from Old High German siu, si, from Proto-West Germanic *si(j)u, *sī, from Proto-Germanic *sī (see Proto-Germanic *iz). Cognate with Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si) and Old English sēo (“that one (f.)”).
Pronoun
editsie f
- she
- it (when the object/article/thing/animal etc., referred to, is feminine [die])
- he (when the grammatical gender of the noun being referred to and designating a male person, is feminine [die])
- Die Geisel Richard Meier versuchte, sich zu befreien, aber sie schaffte es nicht.
- The hostage Richard Meier tried to break free, but he didn’t succeed.
- Die Wache Michael Müller beschädigte ihr Gewehr, wofür ihr Vorgesetzter sie bestrafte.
- The guardsman Michael Müller damaged his rifle, and his supervisor punished him for that.
Declension
editsingular | plural | singular and plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 2nd person polite/formal | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du -e2 |
er | sie -se2 |
es | wir | ihr | sie -se2 |
Sie Ihr3 |
genitive | meiner mein3 |
deiner dein3 |
seiner sein3 |
ihrer | seiner sein3 |
unser | euer | ihrer | Ihrer Euer3 |
dative | mir | dir | ihm | ihr | ihm | uns | euch | ihnen | Ihnen Euch3 |
accusative | mich | dich | ihn | sie -se2 |
es | uns | euch | sie -se2 |
Sie Euch3 |
1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters. 2enclitic, colloquial 3archaic
- The genitive case ihrer is more and more rarely used in modern German.
- While the genitive of personal pronouns does express ownership, it must not be confused with possessive pronouns. While possessive pronouns such as ihr are put in front of the noun they relate to and follow the inflection rules of adjectives, the genitive form of personal pronouns has only one form, which is not further inflected. Additionally, personal pronouns in the genitive can be put after the word they relate to.
Related terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle High German sie, si (neuter siu), from Old High German sie (masculine plural), sio (feminine plural), siu (neuter plural).
Pronoun
editsie pl
Usage notes
edit- In the colloquial speech of some areas, this pronoun is used only enclitically after a verb, as an ending /zə/. E.g. hamse, könnse. Stressed instances are replaced with the demonstrative pronoun die. This reflects a similar development for es/das.
- While the genitive of personal pronouns does express ownership, it must not be confused with possessive pronouns. While possessive pronouns such as ihr are put in front of the noun they relate to and follow the inflection rules of adjectives, the genitive form of a personal pronoun has only one form, which is not further inflected. Additionally, personal pronouns in the genitive can be put after the word they relate to.
Declension
editsingular | plural | singular and plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person familiar1 |
3rd person | 2nd person polite/formal | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du -e2 |
er | sie -se2 |
es | wir | ihr | sie -se2 |
Sie Ihr3 |
genitive | meiner mein3 |
deiner dein3 |
seiner sein3 |
ihrer | seiner sein3 |
unser | euer | ihrer | Ihrer Euer3 |
dative | mir | dir | ihm | ihr | ihm | uns | euch | ihnen | Ihnen Euch3 |
accusative | mich | dich | ihn | sie -se2 |
es | uns | euch | sie -se2 |
Sie Euch3 |
1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters. 2enclitic, colloquial 3archaic
Further reading
editAnagrams
editHunsrik
editAlternative forms
edit- sii (Wiesemann spelling system)
Etymology 1
editFrom Old High German siu; cognate with Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si) and Old English sēo (“that one (f.)”).
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
Inflection
editnominative | accusative | dative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich | meer | mer | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de | dich | deer | der | |
3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es | ihm | em | |
1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
2nd person plural | deer | der | eich | |||
3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne |
Etymology 2
editFrom Old High German sie (masculine plural), sio (feminine plural), siu (neuter plural).
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
Inflection
editnominative | accusative | dative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich | meer | mer | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de | dich | deer | der | |
3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es | ihm | em | |
1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
2nd person plural | deer | der | eich | |||
3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne |
Further reading
editIngrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *sidek, equivalent to sittoa (“to bind”) + -e. Cognates include Finnish side and Estonian side.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsie/, [ˈs̠ie̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsie/, [ˈʃie̞]
- Rhymes: -ie
- Hyphenation: si‧e
Noun
editsie
Declension
editDeclension of sie (type 6/lähe, t- gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | sie | sitteet |
genitive | sitteen | sittein |
partitive | siettä | sitteitä |
illative | sitteesse | sitteisse |
inessive | sittees | sitteis |
elative | sitteest | sitteist |
allative | sitteelle | sitteille |
adessive | sitteel | sitteil |
ablative | sitteelt | sitteilt |
translative | sitteeks | sitteiks |
essive | sitteennä, sitteen | sitteinnä, sittein |
exessive1) | sitteent | sitteint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 523
Iu Mien
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Hmong-Mien *tsʰje (“hungry”). Cognate with White Hmong tshaib and Western Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang] xib.
Adjective
editsie
Karelian
editPronoun
editsie
References
edit- P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, page 58
Kven
editEtymology
editFrom Finnish sinä, from Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
Declension
editDeclension of sie
|
See also
editReferences
edit- Eira Söderholm (2017) Kvensk grammatikk, Tromsø: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, →ISBN, page 276
Middle Dutch
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
- Alternative form of si (both feminine singular and all plural)
Middle High German
editEtymology 1
editOld High German sie (masculine plural), sio (feminine plural).
Alternative forms
editPronoun
editsie m pl or f pl
Inflection
editNumber | Person | Gender | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusative |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | ich | mīn | mir | mich | |
Second | du, dū | dīn | dir | dich | ||
Third | Masculine | ër CG hë(r) |
sīn | im(e) | in | |
Feminine | siu | ir(e) | ir(e) | sie | ||
Neuter | ëȥ CG iȥ, it |
es | im(e) | ëȥ CG iȥ, it | ||
Plural | First | wir | unser | uns | uns, unsich | |
Second | ir | iuwer | iu, iuch | iuch | ||
Third | Masculine | sie | ir(e) | in | sie | |
Feminine | ||||||
Neuter | siu | siu | ||||
The distinction of the forms siu and sie as shown above is typical of earlier Upper German texts, but was never general. The forms sī and si existed additionally and all four were increasingly used without differentiation. |
Descendants
edit- German: sie
Etymology 2
editPronoun
editsie
Middle Low German
editPronunciation
edit- Stem vowel: ê⁴
Pronoun
editsie
- Alternative form of sê.
Old English
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editVerb
editsīe
Old Saxon
editAlternative forms
editPronoun
editsie m or f
Declension
editPersonal pronouns | |||||
Singular | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | ik | thū | hē | siu | it |
Accusative | mī, me, mik | thī, thik | ina | sia | |
Dative | mī | thī | imu | iru | it |
Genitive | mīn | thīn | is | ira | is |
Dual | 1. | 2. | - | - | - |
Nominative | wit | git | - | - | - |
Accusative | unk | ink | - | - | - |
Dative | |||||
Genitive | unkero, unka | - | - | - | |
Plural | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | wī, we | gī, ge | sia | sia | siu |
Accusative | ūs, unsik | eu, iu, iuu | |||
Dative | ūs | im | |||
Genitive | ūser | euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera | iro |
Descendants
edit- Low German: se
Pennsylvania German
editEtymology 1
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editsie f
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1unstressed
Etymology 2
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person familiar |
2nd person polite/formal |
3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
m | f | n | |||||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1unstressed
Plautdietsch
editVerb
editsie
Romanian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
- (rare) (to) himself/herself/itself/themselves (stressed reflexive-dative form of el, ea, ei and ele)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
edit- își (unstressed form)
Silesian
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Polish się.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editsie
- reflexive pronoun; oneself, self
- each other, one another
Declension
editAlternative forms
editParticle
editsie
- creates the passive voice
- creates the impersonal voice
- expresses that the action is done without restriction, freely
Further reading
editVenetan
editEtymology
editInherited from Latin sex. Compare Italian sei.
Noun
editsie
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/aɪ
- Rhymes:English/aɪ/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English dialectal terms
- English transitive verbs
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with homophones
- English pronouns
- English terms with rare senses
- English nonstandard terms
- English terms with quotations
- English third person pronouns
- en:Fandom
- en:Gender
- en:Science fiction
- en:Transgender
- Chibcha lemmas
- Chibcha nouns
- Finnish 1-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ie
- Rhymes:Finnish/ie/1 syllable
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish pronouns
- Finnish dialectal terms
- Finnish personal pronouns
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:German/iː
- Rhymes:German/iː/1 syllable
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German lemmas
- German pronouns
- German personal pronouns
- German terms with usage examples
- Hunsrik terms inherited from Old High German
- Hunsrik terms derived from Old High German
- Hunsrik 1-syllable words
- Hunsrik terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hunsrik lemmas
- Hunsrik pronouns
- Hunsrik personal pronouns
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms suffixed with -e
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ie
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ie/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Iu Mien terms inherited from Proto-Hmong-Mien
- Iu Mien terms derived from Proto-Hmong-Mien
- Iu Mien lemmas
- Iu Mien adjectives
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian pronouns
- Karelian superseded forms
- Kven terms inherited from Finnish
- Kven terms derived from Finnish
- Kven terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Kven terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Kven terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Kven terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Kven terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kven lemmas
- Kven pronouns
- Kven personal pronouns
- Middle Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch pronouns
- Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German
- Middle High German terms derived from Old High German
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German pronouns
- Middle High German personal pronouns
- Middle Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Low German lemmas
- Middle Low German pronouns
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English verb forms
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon pronouns
- Pennsylvania German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Pennsylvania German lemmas
- Pennsylvania German pronouns
- Pennsylvania German personal pronouns
- Plautdietsch non-lemma forms
- Plautdietsch verb forms
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian non-lemma forms
- Romanian pronoun forms
- Romanian terms with rare senses
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɛ
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɛ/1 syllable
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian pronouns
- Silesian particles
- Venetan terms inherited from Latin
- Venetan terms derived from Latin
- Venetan lemmas
- Venetan numerals
- Venetan cardinal numbers