nisu

nisu f (plural nisos)

1. plum (fruit)

• cirigüeyu
• ciruela
• ñisu

From Proto-Finnic *nisu. Cognate to Finnish nisu and Livvi nižu.

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

nisu (genitive nisu, partitive nisu)

1. wheat

• “nisu”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
• “nisu”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
• “nisu”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
• nisu in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

From Proto-Finnic *nisu (compare Estonian nisu, Livonian ni’zzõz, Veps ńižu, Votic nisu). Equivalent to nisä (“udder, breast”) +‎ -u; the sense may have originally been "snack", from which "wheat, something made of wheat",^[1] or may have evoked a comparison between the white milk secreted from a teat and the light-colored grain.^[2]

• IPA^(key): /ˈnisu/, [ˈnis̠u]
• Rhymes: -isu
• Hyphenation^(key): ni‧su

nisu

1. (dialectal) Synonym of vehnä (“wheat”) (Western Finnish, Kainuu)
2. (dialectal) something baked of wheat, particularly traditional cardamom sweet bread, such as pulla (Western Finnish, Central Finland, Kainuu, American)

   Synonyms: nisunen, vehnänen, vehnäleipä

Dialectal distribution of nisu (“wheat”)
Southern Southwest Finland (Eteläinen Varsinais-Suomi) [Southwestern dialects] Halikko, Kaarina, Kiikala, Muurla, Paimio, Perniö, Pertteli, Sauvo, Suomusjärvi, Uskela Northern Southwest Finland (Pohjoinen Varsinais-Suomi) [Southwestern dialects] Askainen, Eurajoki, Hinnerjoki, Honkilahti, Kalanti, Karjala, Kustavi, Laitila, Lappi, Lemu, Lokalahti, Luvia, Mietoinen, Mynämäki, Naantali, Nousiainen, Pyhämaa, Raisio, Rauma, Taivassalo, Turku, Vehmaa Southwest Finnish Highlands (Varsinais-Suomen ylämaa) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Aura, Karinainen, Koski Tl, Köyliö, Lieto, Maaria, Marttila, Paattinen, Pöytyä, Somerniemi, Somero, Säkylä, Tarvasjoki, Yläne Western Uusimaa (Länsi-Uusimaa) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Karjalohja, Lohja, Nummi, Pusula, Pyhäjärvi (Ul), Sammatti, Vihti Southern Satakunta (Etelä-Satakunta) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Alastaro, Harjavalta, Huittinen, Kauvatsa, Kokemäki, Loimaa, Metsämaa, Punkalaidun, Vampula Western Satakunta (Länsi-Satakunta) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Ahlainen, Merikarvia, Nakkila, Pomarkku, Pori, Siikainen, Ulvila Northern Satakunta (Pohjois-Satakunta) [Tavastian dialects] Honkajoki, Hämeenkyrö, Ikaalinen, Jämijärvi, Kankaanpää, Karvia, Kihniö, Kiikka, Kiikoinen, Lavia, Mouhijärvi, Suodenniemi, Tyrvää, Viljakkala Northern Tavastia (Pohjois-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Akaa, Eräjärvi, Hattula, Hauho, Juupajoki, Kalvola, Kangasala, Koijärvi, Kuorevesi, Kuru, Lempäälä, Luopioinen, Längelmäki, Nokia, Orivesi, Pirkkala, Pälkäne, Ruovesi, Sääksmäki, Teisko, Tottijärvi, Tuulos, Urjala, Vanaja, Vesilahti, Vilppula, Virrat Southern Tavastia (Etelä-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Humppila, Janakkala, Jokioinen, Loppi, Nurmijärvi, Tammela, Ypäjä Southeastern Tavastia (Kaakkois-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Orimattila, Padasjoki Southern Ostrobothnia (Etelä-Pohjanmaa) [South Ostrobothnian dialects] Alavus, Ilmajoki, Isokyrö, Jalasjärvi, Karijoki, Kauhajoki, Kauhava, Kuortane, Kurikka, Laihia, Lapua, Lapväärtti, Nurmo, Seinäjoki, Teuva, Töysä, Vähäkyrö, Ylihärmä, Ylistaro Central Ostrobothnia (Keski-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects] Alavieska, Haapajärvi, Haapavesi, Himanka, Kalajoki, Kaustinen, Kestilä, Kärsämäki, Lohtaja, Merijärvi, Nivala, Perho, Pulkkila, Pyhäjoki, Reisjärvi, Saloinen, Sievi, Veteli, Ylivieska Northern Ostrobothnia (Pohjois-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects] Hailuoto, Ii, Liminka, Lumijoki, Muhos, Oulu, Oulujoki, Oulunsalo, Paavola, Pudasjärvi, Rantsila, Siikajoki, Temmes, Utajärvi, Vihanti, Ylikiiminki Lapland (Peräpohjola) [Lapland dialects] Kemi, Kittilä, Lyngen (Jyykeä/Yykeä), Nordreisa (Raisi), Rovaniemi, Tervola Westrobothnia (Länsi-Pohja) [Lapland dialects] Karunki, Kolari, Vittangi (Vittanki), Ylitornio Kainuu [Savonian dialects] Kajaani, Kuhmo, Kuusamo, Paltamo, Posio, Ristijärvi, Sotkamo, Suomussalmi, Vaala Northern Central Finland (Pohjoinen Keski-Suomi) [Savonian dialects] Hankasalmi, Karstula, Kinnula, Pihtipudas, Saarijärvi Western Central Finland (Läntinen Keski-Suomi) [Savonian dialects] Alajärvi, Evijärvi, Keuruu, Kortesjärvi, Lappajärvi, Pihlajavesi, Vimpeli, Ähtäri Southern Central Finland (Eteläinen Keski-Suomi) [Savonian dialects] Jyväskylä, Korpilahti, Kuhmoinen, Leivonmäki, Muurame, Petäjävesi, Toivakka Northern Savonia (Pohjois-Savo) [Savonian dialects] Kiuruvesi, Pyhäjärvi (Ol), Vieremä
The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities. Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0); see the information for the background image for its sources and licensing

Dialectal distribution of nisu (“something baked of wheat”)
Northern Southwest Finland (Pohjoinen Varsinais-Suomi) [Southwestern dialects] Hinnerjoki, Mynämäki Western Uusimaa (Länsi-Uusimaa) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Lohja, Vihti Southern Satakunta (Etelä-Satakunta) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Huittinen, Kokemäki Western Satakunta (Länsi-Satakunta) [Southwestern transitional dialects] Pomarkku, Ulvila Northern Satakunta (Pohjois-Satakunta) [Tavastian dialects] Honkajoki, Karvia, Viljakkala Northern Tavastia (Pohjois-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Hattula, Juupajoki, Kangasala, Kuorevesi, Lempäälä, Längelmäki, Pälkäne, Ruovesi, Sääksmäki, Teisko, Tottijärvi, Tuulos, Urjala, Vilppula, Virrat Southern Tavastia (Etelä-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Humppila, Hyvinkää, Nurmijärvi Southeastern Tavastia (Kaakkois-Häme) [Tavastian dialects] Lammi, Orimattila Kymenlaakso [Tavastian dialects] Iitti, Jaala Southern Ostrobothnia (Etelä-Pohjanmaa) [South Ostrobothnian dialects] Alahärmä, Alavus, Ilmajoki, Isojoki, Isokyrö, Jalasjärvi, Jurva, Karijoki, Kauhajoki, Kauhava, Kuortane, Kurikka, Laihia, Lapua, Lapväärtti, Nurmo, Peräseinäjoki, Seinäjoki, Teuva, Töysä, Vähäkyrö, Ylihärmä Central Ostrobothnia (Keski-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects] Alavieska, Haapajärvi, Haapavesi, Halsua, Himanka, Kalajoki, Kaustinen, Kestilä, Kälviä, Kärsämäki, Lestijärvi, Lohtaja, Merijärvi, Nivala, Perho, Piippola, Pulkkila, Pyhäjoki, Reisjärvi, Saloinen, Sievi, Toholampi, Ullava, Veteli, Ylivieska Northern Ostrobothnia (Pohjois-Pohjanmaa) [Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects] Hailuoto, Haukipudas, Ii, Kuivaniemi, Liminka, Lumijoki, Muhos, Oulu, Oulujoki, Oulunsalo, Paavola, Pattijoki, Pudasjärvi, Rantsila, Ranua, Revonlahti, Temmes, Tyrnävä, Utajärvi, Vihanti Lapland (Peräpohjola) [Lapland dialects] Inari, Kemi, Kemijärvi, Kittilä, Rovaniemi, Salla, Savukoski, Simo, Sodankylä, Tervola Westrobothnia (Länsi-Pohja) [Lapland dialects] Alatornio, Karunki, Kolari, Muonio, Pajala, Pello, Tärendö (Täräntö), Vittangi (Vittanki), Ylitornio Kainuu [Savonian dialects] Hyrynsalmi, Kajaani, Kuhmo, Kuusamo, Paltamo, Posio, Puolanka, Ristijärvi, Sotkamo, Suomussalmi, Vaala, Vuolijoki Northern Central Finland (Pohjoinen Keski-Suomi) [Savonian dialects] Kannonkoski, Karstula, Kinnula, Kivijärvi, Konginkangas, Konnevesi, Kyyjärvi, Laukaa, Multia, Pihtipudas, Pylkönmäki, Saarijärvi, Sumiainen, Äänekoski Western Central Finland (Läntinen Keski-Suomi) [Savonian dialects] Alajärvi, Evijärvi, Keuruu, Kortesjärvi, Lappajärvi, Pihlajavesi, Vimpeli, Ähtäri Southern Central Finland (Eteläinen Keski-Suomi) [Savonian dialects] Hartola, Jyväskylä, Korpilahti, Muurame, Petäjävesi, Sysmä, Toivakka Northern Savonia (Pohjois-Savo) [Savonian dialects] Iisalmi, Juankoski, Kaavi, Keitele, Kiuruvesi, Lapinlahti, Leppävirta, Pyhäjärvi (Ol), Sonkajärvi, Vieremä Northern Karelia (Pohjois-Karjala) [Savonian dialects] Eno, Nurmes, Ruskeala, Valtimo
The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities. Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0); see the information for the background image for its sources and licensing

• “nisu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

• suin

From Proto-Finnic *nisu. Cognates include Finnish nisu and Estonian nisu.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈnisu/, [ˈnis̠u]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈnisu/, [ˈniʒ̥u]
• Rhymes: -isu
• Hyphenation: ni‧su

nisu

1. (obsolete) Synonym of vehnä

• Fedor Tumansky (1790) “нису”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 693

nisu

1. Rōmaji transcription of ニス

nīsū

1. ablative singular of nīsus

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈnisuː/

From Proto-Samic *nisōn.

nisu

1. woman

• nissonolmmoš

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[3], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

nisu

1. (often in the plural) wheat

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[4], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

• (Standard Montenegrin) nijèsu
• (regional, chiefly Serbia) nésu
• (historical, regional) nijésu

From Proto-Slavic *ne + *sǫtь, first-person plural present tense form of *byti. This formation was kept in Old Church Slavonic as не сѫтъ (ne sǫtŭ) (see бꙑти (byti)). However, in other South Slavic vernaculars, this form irregularly later created něsu (attested in 1334), probably influenced by něsam (see nisam). Because of the yat reflex, něsu became rendered as nisu in Ikavian speeches.

• IPA^(key): /nǐːsu/
• Hyphenation: ni‧su

nísu (Cyrillic spelling ни́су)

1. (Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia) negative third-person plural present of biti

• “nisu”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
• The template Template:R:sh:RJA does not use the parameter(s):

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  Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Pero Budmani, editor (1892–1897), “jesam”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika‎^[5] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 4, Zagreb: JAZU, page 606

From Proto-Finnic *nisu.

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈnisu/, [ˈnʲisu]
• Rhymes: -isu
• Hyphenation: ni‧su

nisu

1. wheat

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “nisu”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn