kim

From Dutch kim, from Middle Dutch kimme.

• IPA^(key): /kəm/

kim (plural kimme)

1. horizon

   Synonym: horison

• IPA^(key): [kim]

kim (Kana spelling キム)

1. mountain

• kimpe (“bear”)

• Western Old Japanese: [script needed] (kî)

• Bugaeva, Anna. Handbook of the Ainu Language, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501502859

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).^[1] Cognate with Turkish kim, Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kem, “who”), etc.

• IPA^(key): [cim]

• Audio (Baku):

  (file)

kim (definite accusative kimi, plural kimlər)

1. who

• kimlik (“identity”)
• kimsə (“someone”)
  • kimsəsiz (“ownerless, derelict, parentless”)

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”).

kim

1. who, whom

• Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[1], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /kiːm/, [kʰiːˀm]

kim c or n (singular definite kimen or kimet, plural indefinite kim, plural definite kimene)

1. germ
2. seeds pl

From Middle Dutch kimme. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

• IPA^(key): /kɪm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kim
• Rhymes: -ɪm
• Homophone: Kim

kim f (plural kimmen, diminutive kimmetje n)

1. horizon

• horizon

• mik

kim

1. we; us (1st person plural exclusive absolutive form)

ki (“who”) +‎ -m (“my, of mine”, possessive suffix)

• IPA^(key): [ˈkim]
• Hyphenation: kim

kim

1. first-person singular single-possession possessive of ki

   Kim vagy te nekem? - Én nem Kim vagyok, hanem a bácsikád. ― Who of mine are you? - I'm not Kim but your uncle.

From Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Relate to Crimean Tatar kim ,Karachay-Balkar ким (kim) ,Kumyk ким (kim) , Urum ким (kim) ,Tofa ӄум (qum), Tuvan кым (kım), etc.

kim

1. who

kim

• IPA^(key): [kɪm]
• (Xarrâbî) IPA^(key): [kɪm]

kim (oblique, plural stem)

1. Alternative form of kêm (“who”).

• Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1988) Grammatik des Chaladsch [Grammar of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, →OCLC

From Proto-Finnic *kümmen. Akin to Finnish kymmenen.

kim

1. ten

In names of tens kim takes on the form kimdõ – declension type 118 – sieldõ. In vīžkimdõ both compound components are declineable, e.g., in genitive vīdkimdõ.

• kimmõz

• Livonian cardinals (1–11):

ikš, kakš, kuolm, nēļa, vīž, kūž, seis, kōdõks, īdõks, kim, ikštuoistõn (Compounds with both parts inflected given in bold)

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʲim/

kim

1. instrumental of chto
2. locative of chto

From Proto-Vietic *kiːm, from Chinese 針 (OC *kjum, *kjums).

kim

1. needle

• Vietnamese: kim

• Alexandre de Rhodes (1651) “kim”, in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (in Middle Vietnamese, Latin, and Portuguese), Rome: Propaganda Fide

From Proto-Vietic *kiːm, from Chinese 針 (OC *kjum, *kjums). Cognate with Vietnamese kim.

• IPA^(key): /kim¹/

kim

1. (Mường Bi) needle

• Nguyễn Văn Khang, Bùi Chỉ, Hoàng Văn Hành (2002) Từ điển Mường - Việt (Muong - Vietnamese dictionary)‎^[2], Nhà xuất bản Văn hoá Dân tộc Hà Nội

kim m (definite singular kimen, indefinite plural kimar, definite plural kimane)

1. Alternative form of kime

• IPA^(key): /ˈkim/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -im
• Syllabification: kim

kim

1. instrumental of kto
2. locative of kto

Borrowed from German Kümmel, from Latin cuminum, from Ancient Greek κύμινον (kúminon).

• IPA^(key): /kîm/

kȉm m (Cyrillic spelling ки̏м)

1. caraway (Persian cumin)

• IPA^(key): /kîːm/

kȋm (Cyrillic spelling ки̑м)

1. (with) whom (instrumental)

From Ottoman Turkish كیم (kim, “who”), from Proto-Turkic *kem (“who”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰢 (kem, “who”), Karakhanid كِمْ (kim, “who”).

• IPA^(key): /cim/

• Audio:

  (file)

kim

1. who

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [kim˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [kim˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [kim˧˧]

• Audio (Hà Nội):

  (file)

Sino-Vietnamese word from 金 (“metal; gold”).

This reading is irregular, the expected reading would be *câm; cf. cấm < 禁 (MC kimH), cầm < 琴 (MC gim). ⟨-im⟩ is a very rare rime in Sino-Vietnamese proper, with this and the homophonous kim < 今 (MC kim) being the only examples.

It is possible that the usage of kim as the Sino-Vietnamese reading for 金 (MC kim) and 今 (MC kim) was to avoid homophony with câm (“mute”), although it is difficult to be sure. The much less common 衿 (MC kim) (that basically has no usage in Vietnamese) is considered to have the expected reading câm.

Also possibly compare Korean 금 (geum) and 김 (gim), the former is the expected Sino-Korean reading of 金 (MC kim) while the latter found chiefly as a surname.

kim

1. (rare, only in compounds) metal

   ánh kim

   metallic shininess

2. Metal, one of the Wu Xing

   Thổ sinh kim. Kim sinh thuỷ.
   Hoả khắc kim. Kim khắc mộc.

   Earth bears Metal. Metal enriches Water.
   Fire melts Metal. Metal chops Wood.

• ngũ hành
• vàng

From Middle Vietnamese kim, from Proto-Vietic *kiːm. Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 針 (“needle”, SV: châm). Cognate to Muong kim.

(classifier cây) kim

1. a needle
2. (of a clock/watch) a hand

• mò kim đáy bể

• Kim

kim

1. who (nominative)

• genitive: kima
• accusative: kimi

• IPA^(key): /ki˩̰/

From Middle Chinese 貴 (kʉi^H, “expensive”)

kim

1. expensive

• tsis pheejyig

From Mandarin 跪 (guì) ("to kneel").

kim

1. to kneel on one knee