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Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish cúl, cognate with Latin cūlus.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kuːl̪ˠ/, /kuːlˠ/

Noun

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cúl m (genitive singular cúil, nominative plural cúil)

  1. behind
  2. back
  3. (sports) goal
    Synonym: báire
    1. (score gained)
    2. (target area)
      Synonym: góraí
  4. tail

Declension

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Declension of cúl (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative cúl cúil
vocative a chúil a chúla
genitive cúil cúl
dative cúl cúil
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an cúl na cúil
genitive an chúil na gcúl
dative leis an gcúl
don chúl
leis na cúil
  • Alternative plural: cúla (used in certain phrases)

Derived terms

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Verb

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cúl (present analytic cúlann, future analytic cúlfaidh, verbal noun cúladh, past participle cúlta)

  1. Alternative form of cúlaigh

Conjugation

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of cúl
radical lenition eclipsis
cúl chúl gcúl

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cúl”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *kūlos, from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-l-, from *(s)kewH- (to cover). Cognate with Welsh cil and Latin cūlus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cúl m (genitive cúil, nominative plural cúil)

  1. back
  2. rear

Inflection

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Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative cúl cúlL cúilL
Vocative cúil cúlL cúluH
Accusative cúlN cúlL cúluH
Genitive cúilL cúl cúlN
Dative cúlL cúlaib cúlaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: cúl
  • Manx: cooyl
  • Scottish Gaelic: cùl

Mutation

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Mutation of cúl
radical lenition nasalization
cúl chúl cúl
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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