aciarium

Latin

Etymology

From aciēs (“sharp point”) +‎ -ārium.^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /a.kiˈaː.ri.um/, [äkiˈäːriʊ̃ˑ]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /a.t͡ʃiˈa.ri.um/, [ät͡ʃiˈäːrium]

Noun

aciārium n (genitive aciāriī or aciārī); second declension

(Late Latin) steel
Synonyms: chalybs (Classical), aciāle (Northern Italy)

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	aciārium	aciāria
Genitive	aciāriī aciārī¹	aciāriōrum
Dative	aciāriō	aciāriīs
Accusative	aciārium	aciāria
Ablative	aciāriō	aciāriīs
Vocative	aciārium	aciāria

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

Eastern Romance:
- >? Romanian: arcer, arcere (dialectal)^[3]
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: acciaghju, acciaiu, acciaru
- Italian: acciaio (dialectal acciaro)
  North Umbrian: acciaro, accero
- Neapolitan: acciaro
  Apulian: azzaire, azzare, azzere
  
  Tarantino: azzaro
- Old Sicilian: aczaru
  - Sicilian: azzaru
    - → Italian: Azzaro
    - → Maltese: azzar
North Italian:
- Emilian: azär
  Modenese: azàr
- Friulian: açâr
- Old Lombard: azaro
  - ⇒ Lombard: pan d’ascéi (Ticino)
- Romagnol: azêr
- Old Venetian: açaro
  - Venetian: asaro (Cavarzere)
Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: aciér
  Bressan: assi
  
  Fribourgeois: ahyi, èhyi
- Old French: acier, acer, achier, assier
  - Bourguignon: aicié
  - Franc-Comtois: aci, aici
  - Middle French: acier, achier
    - French: acier
      - Haitian Creole: asye
      - → Interlingua: aciero
  - Lorrain: ècer
  - Norman: achier
    Norman: acyi (Jersey)
  - Poitevin-Saintongeais: açàe
  - Walloon: acî
Occitano-Romance:
- Old Catalan: acer
  - Catalan: acer (dialectal cer)
- Old Occitan: acier, acer, açer, aser
  - Occitan: acièr
    Gascon: acèr
West Iberian:
- Aragonese: acero, azero
- Asturian: aceru
- Old Galician-Portuguese: açeyro
  - Galician: aceiro
  - Portuguese: açeiro
    - ⇒ Portuguese: aço
- Old Spanish: azero
  - Spanish: acero (see there for further descendants)
  - → Basque: altzairu
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: atzargiu
  Campidanese: atzraxu
  
  Logudorese: attardzu, attarzu
  
  Nuorese: attarju

References

^ Pfister, Max, Schweickard, Wolfgang (1979-) “aciarium”, in Lessico etimologico italiano‎^[1], volumes I: Ab—alburnus, Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, page 416.
^ aciarium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
^ Vít Boček (2010) Studie k nejstarším romanismům ve slovanských jazycích (Studia etymologica Brunensia; 9), Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 37.

[1] Pfister, Max, Schweickard, Wolfgang (1979-) “aciarium”, in Lessico etimologico italiano‎^[1], volumes I: Ab—alburnus, Mainz: Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur, page 416.

[2] rium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

[3] Vít Boček (2010) Studie k nejstarším romanismům ve slovanských jazycích (Studia etymologica Brunensia; 9), Praha: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 37.

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