criminal
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English cryminal, borrowed from Anglo-Norman criminal, from Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen (“crime”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editcriminal (comparative more criminal, superlative most criminal)
- Against the law; forbidden by law.
- 1711 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “MONDAY, March 19, 1710–1711”, in The Spectator, number 16; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:
- Foppish and fantastic ornaments are only indications of vice, not criminal in themselves.
- Guilty of breaking the law.
- a. 1729, John Rogers, The Difficulties of Obtaining Salvation:
- The neglect of any of the relative duties renders us criminal in the sight of God.
- Of or relating to crime or penal law.
- His long criminal record suggests that he is a dangerous man.
- 1827, Henry Hallam, The Constitutional History of England from the Accession of Henry VII. to the Death of George II. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:
- The officers and servants of the crown, violating the personal liberty, or other right of the subject […] in some cases, were liable to criminal process.
- (figuratively) Abhorrent or very undesirable.
- Printing such asinine opinions is criminal!
- 2020 May 6, Graeme Pickering, “Borders Railway: time for the next step”, in Rail, page 54:
- [...] I think it represents exceptional value for money and I think it would be criminal not to go ahead and build it."
Synonyms
editDerived terms
edit- age of criminal responsibility
- anticriminal
- archcriminal
- criminal code
- criminal conversation
- criminaldom
- criminalese
- criminaless
- criminalisation
- criminalise
- criminalish
- criminalism
- criminalist
- criminalistic
- criminalistics
- criminality
- criminalization
- criminalize
- criminal law
- criminal lawyer
- criminally
- criminal negligence
- criminalness
- criminal offence
- criminal offense
- criminaloid
- criminal procedure
- criminal prosecution
- criminal prosecutor
- criminal psychologist
- criminal psychology
- criminal record
- criminal religious movement
- criminal science
- criminal scientist
- criminal tool
- criminal tribe
- criminigger
- criminogenic
- criminology
- crimmigrant
- crimmigration
- medicocriminal
- noncriminal
- pseudocriminal
- quasicriminal
- semicriminal
- subcriminal
- supercriminal
- uncriminal
Related terms
editCollocations
edit- criminal law
- criminal justice
- criminal court
- criminal procedure
- criminal prosecution
- criminal intent
- criminal case
- criminal act
- criminal action
- criminal behavior
- criminal offenceliability
- criminal investigation
- criminal conduct
- criminal defense
- criminal trial
- criminal history
- criminal responsibility
- criminal lawyer
- criminal tribunal
- criminal appeal
- criminal process
- criminal background
- criminal mind
- criminal conspiracy
- criminal evidence
- criminal gang
- criminal organization
- criminal underworld
- criminal jurisprudence
- criminal offender
- criminal jury
- criminal police
- criminal past
- criminal group
- criminal punishment
- criminal attorney
- criminal violence
- criminal report
- criminal career
- criminal psychology
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Noun
editcriminal (plural criminals)
- A person who is guilty of a crime, notably breaking the law.
- Synonyms: lawbreaker, offender, perpetrator
- 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
- ‘ […] There's every Staffordshire crime-piece ever made in this cabinet, and that's unique. The Van Hoyer Museum in New York hasn't that very rare second version of Maria Marten's Red Barn over there, nor the little Frederick George Manning—he was the criminal Dickens saw hanged on the roof of the gaol in Horsemonger Lane, by the way—’
Synonyms
edit- See also Thesaurus:criminal
Hypernyms
editDerived terms
editTranslations
edit
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Catalan
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin criminālis.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editcriminal m or f (masculine and feminine plural criminals)
Derived terms
editNoun
editcriminal m or f by sense (plural criminals)
- criminal (a person who is guilty of a crime)
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “criminal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “criminal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “criminal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “criminal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editcriminal m or f (plural criminais)
- criminal (that constitutes a crime)
- Synonym: criminoso
- criminal (relating or pertaining to crimes)
- Synonym: criminoso
- (colloquial) that can be very bad in its class or that can be harmful
Noun
editcriminal m or f by sense (plural criminais)
Further reading
edit- “criminal”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
Occitan
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editAdjective
editcriminal m (feminine singular criminala, masculine plural criminals, feminine plural criminalas) (Languedoc)
Further reading
edit- Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 206.
Old French
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin criminālis, from Latin crīmen.
Adjective
editcriminal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular criminale)
Declension
editPortuguese
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin criminālis (“criminal”), from Latin crīmen (“verdict; crime”).
Pronunciation
edit
Adjective
editcriminal m or f (plural criminais, not comparable)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “criminal”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024
Romanian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from French criminel, Late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcriminal m (plural criminali, feminine equivalent criminală)
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
nominative-accusative | criminal | criminalul | criminali | criminalii | |
genitive-dative | criminal | criminalului | criminali | criminalilor | |
vocative | criminalule | criminalilor |
Adjective
editcriminal m or n (feminine singular criminală, masculine plural criminali, feminine and neuter plural criminale)
Declension
editsingular | plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | criminal | criminală | criminali | criminale | |||
definite | criminalul | criminala | criminalii | criminalele | ||||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | criminal | criminale | criminali | criminale | |||
definite | criminalului | criminalei | criminalelor | criminalilor |
Related terms
editAdverb
editcriminal
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- criminal in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Spanish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Late Latin or Juridical Latin criminālis (“criminal”), from Latin crīmen (“verdict; crime”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editcriminal m or f (masculine and feminine plural criminales)
Derived terms
editNoun
editcriminal m or f by sense (plural criminales)
- criminal
- Synonyms: penado, delincuente
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “criminal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with usage examples
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Crime
- en:People
- en:Stock characters
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan adjectives
- Catalan epicene adjectives
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending
- Catalan masculine nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Catalan nouns with multiple genders
- Catalan masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/al
- Rhymes:Galician/al/3 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician adjectives
- Galician colloquialisms
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician masculine nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Galician nouns with multiple genders
- Galician masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- Occitan lemmas
- Occitan adjectives
- Languedocien
- Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-
- Old French terms borrowed from Late Latin
- Old French terms derived from Late Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French adjectives
- Portuguese terms borrowed from Late Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Late Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 4-syllable words
- Rhymes:Portuguese/al
- Rhymes:Portuguese/al/3 syllables
- Rhymes:Portuguese/aw
- Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/3 syllables
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese adjectives
- Portuguese uncomparable adjectives
- pt:Law
- Portuguese terms with usage examples
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms borrowed from Late Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Late Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian masculine nouns
- Romanian adjectives
- Romanian adverbs
- Spanish terms borrowed from Late Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Late Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish 3-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/al
- Rhymes:Spanish/al/3 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish adjectives
- Spanish epicene adjectives
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish nouns with multiple genders
- Spanish masculine and feminine nouns by sense