chyba
Czech
editEtymology
editInherited from Old Czech chyba, from Proto-Slavic *xyba.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editchyba f
Declension
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
editOld Czech
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editchyba f
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | chyba | chybě | chyby |
genitive | chyby | chybú | chyb |
dative | chybě | chybama | chybám |
accusative | chybu | chybě | chyby |
vocative | chybo | chybě | chyby |
locative | chybě | chybú | chybách |
instrumental | chybú | chybama | chybami |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Preposition
editchyba
Adverb
editchyba
Interjection
editchyba
Descendants
edit- Czech: chyba
Further reading
edit- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “chyba”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Polish
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba. First attested in the 16th century.[1][2]
Pronunciation
editParticle
editchyba
- expresses confidence but not certainty; probably; I think, I guess
- (Middle Polish) delimiting particle; only, just, merely
Usage notes
editCombined forms for this word are uncommon and often formed for stylization.
Declension
editNoun
editchyba f
Declension
editPreposition
editchyba
- (Middle Polish) denotes lack; without; except; barring [with genitive]
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editTrivia
editAccording to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), chyba is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 13 times in scientific texts, 7 times in news, 50 times in essays, 80 times in fiction, and 143 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 293 times, making it the 50th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[3]
References
edit- ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “chyba”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “chyba”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “chyba”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 173
Further reading
edit- chyba in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- chyba in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “1. chyba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “2. chyba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “CHYBA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 03.01.2012
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “chyba”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “chyba”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “chyba”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 311
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “chyba I-V”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “chyba”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN
Silesian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba.
Pronunciation
editParticle
editchyba
- expresses confidence but not certainty; probably; I think, I guess
- introduces a rhetorical question; I should think
Noun
editchyba f
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | — | — |
genitive | — | — |
dative | — | — |
accusative | — | — |
instrumental | — | — |
locative | — | — |
vocative | — | — |
Related terms
edit- chybić impf
Further reading
edit- chyba in silling.org
Slovak
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editchyba f
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- “chyba”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech terms with collocations
- cs:Computing
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Czech lemmas
- Old Czech nouns
- Old Czech feminine nouns
- Old Czech hard feminine a-stem nouns
- Old Czech prepositions
- Old Czech adverbs
- Old Czech interjections
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɘba
- Rhymes:Polish/ɘba/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish particles
- Middle Polish
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- Polish terms with obsolete senses
- Polish prepositions
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɪba
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɪba/2 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian particles
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian feminine nouns
- Slovak terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak nouns
- Slovak feminine nouns
- sk:Computing