Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wel-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-, Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₁-, and Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₃-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*wel-^[1]^[2]

to see, perceive

Descendants

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wel- (14 c, 0 e)

*wél-e-ti ~ *wl-én-ti (thematic root present)^[1]
- Proto-Celtic: *weleti (“to see”) (see there for further descendants)
  - ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *weless (“seer, poet”) (+ *-ess ~ *-etos) (see there for further descendants)

*wḗl-s-t ~ *wél-s-n̥t (s-aorist)
- Proto-Tocharian: *yels-
  - Tocharian B: yel- (“to investigate”)

*wléy-ti (ey-aktionsart)
- ⇒ *wley- (reanalysed root)
  - ⇒ *wléy-de-ti (de-present)^[2]
    - >? Proto-Germanic: *wlītaną (“to see, look”) (perhaps more likely from a contaminated *weyd- (“to see”)^[1]) (see there for further descendants)
      - ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wlaitōną (“to search”) (see there for further descendants)
      - ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wlitiz (“sight, appearance, face”) (see there for further descendants)

*wél-tu-s ~ *wl̥-téw-s^[2]^[1]
- Proto-Italic: *woltus
  - Latin: voltus (“(facial) expression”)

Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: գեղ (geł, “beauty; (beautiful) appearance, look”)
- Proto-Germanic: *wuldrą (“glory”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *wulþuz (“glory”) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “3. *u̯el-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 675
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. u̯el-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1136: “u̯l̥-tu-; u̯elēts; *u̯leid- (*u̯l-ei-d-)”}

[LIV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “3. *u̯el-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 675

[IEW-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. u̯el-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1136: “u̯l̥-tu-; u̯elēts; *u̯leid- (*u̯l-ei-d-)”}

[1]

[2]