Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/banssus

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative reconstructions

*bēssos^[1]

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind, bond”).

According to one theory, the Proto-Celtic word might derive from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- instead, thus rendering the Albanian besë as a cognate and explains the relationship between them as an Albanian/Celtic isogloss.^[2]

Noun

*banssus m^[3]

custom, habit

Inflection

Masculine/feminine u-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*banssus	*banssū	*banssowes
vocative	*banssu	*banssū	*banssūs
accusative	*banssum	*banssū	*banssums
genitive	*banssous	*banssous	*banssowom
dative	*banssou	*banssubom	*banssubos
locative	*?	*?	*?
instrumental	*banssū	*banssubim	*banssubis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *boɨs
- Breton: boas
- Welsh: moes (influenced by Latin mōs (“manner, custom, habit”))
Old Irish: bés, béss, bǽs
- Irish: béas
- Scottish Gaelic: beus
>? Gaulish: *bessus^[4]
- → Basque: bezu
- → Latin: bessus
  - Spanish: bezo

References

^ Koch, John (2004) “*beisso-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 81
^ Trumper, John. "Some Celto‑Albanian isoglosses and their implications." Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond. In honour of Leonardo M. Savoia (2018).
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*banssu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “bessu-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 74

[1] Koch, John (2004) “*beisso-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎^[1], University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 81

[2] Trumper, John. "Some Celto‑Albanian isoglosses and their implications." Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond. In honour of Leonardo M. Savoia (2018).

[EDPC-3] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*banssu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55

[DLG-4] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “bessu-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 74

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