Iran
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Iranian Persian ایران (irân), from Classical Persian ایران (ērān), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. The name of the political entity is a 3rd-century development that derives from the indigenous ethnolinguistic name of the Iranian peoples,[1] i.e. the great variety of Iranian tribes that spoke an Iranian language.
Pronunciation
edit- (UK) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/[2]
- (US) IPA(key): /ɪˈɹɑːn/, /ɪˈɹæn/, /aɪˈɹæn/[3]
Audio (US): (file) Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːn, -æn
Proper noun
editIran
- A country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran. Capital: Tehran.
- ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, page 126:
- "The Persians, in naming their country, make use of one word, which they indifferently pronounce Iroun, and Iran."
- 1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 25:
- Light was happiness; and the people of Iran, the land of light, were the favourites of heaven; while those of Turan, the gloomy region beyond the mountains to the north, were its enemies.
- 2005, Massoume Price, editor, Iran's Diverse Peoples, ABC-Clio, page xiii:
- "Iran is a vast and ancient country in a strategic location in the Middle East. It borders Russia, Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, the Gulf of Oman, and the Persian Gulf."
- ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, page 126:
- (literary, technical) regions inhabited by the Iranian peoples.
- 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, volume 1 (SBE, volume 31), Oxford UP, page 7, xxviii:
- "Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran."
- "One certain fact is the occurrence of geographical names [Bactria, Sogdiana, etc] in Vendidad I, which are obviously intended to describe the earliest homes of the Iranian races whose lore was the Avesta."
- 1898, A. V. W. Jackson, Zoroaster: The Prophet of Ancient Iran, Macmillan, page 10:
- "Zoroaster of Iran. — Zoroaster, it is believed, sprang up in the seventh century before the Christian era, somewhere in the land between the Indus and the Tigris."
- 1909, “Iran”, in John Huston Finley, editor, Nelson's Perpetual Loose-leaf Encyclopaedia, volume 6, page 479:
- "Iran. in early times, the name applied to the great Asiatic plateau which comprised the entire region from the Caucasus, the Caspian Sea, and Russian Turkestan on the north to the Tigris, the Persian Gulf, and the Arabian Sea on the west and south, and extending to the Indus on the east, likewise comprising the modern Afghanistan and the territory to the north of it as far as the Jaxartes River."
- 1985, J. M. Cooke, “The Rise of the Achaemenids”, in Cambridge Historiy of Iran, volume 2, page 290:
- "[W]e may surmise that there was a strong sense of Iranian unity lending solidarity to the eastern half of the empire. It is only in the generations after Alexander, in Eudemus and in Eratosthenes (ap. Strabo), that we find mention of the concept of a greater nation of Iran (Arianē) stretching from the Zagros to the Indus; but the sense of unity must have been there, for Herodotus tells us that the Medes were formerly called Arioi, and Darius I (followed by Xerxes) in his inscriptions proclaims himself an Iranian (Ariya) by race - he speaks of himself in ascending order as an Achaemenid, a Persian and an Iranian (Naqsh-i Rustam)."
- 1990, Hubert Darke, “Cambridge History of Iran”, in Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 4, page 724:
- "[The] Cambridge History of Iran [is] a survey of the history and historical geography of the land which is present-day Iran, as well as other territories inhabited by peoples of Iranian descent."
- 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, volume 1 (SBE, volume 31), Oxford UP, page 7, xxviii:
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editTranslations
edit
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See also
edit- Persia (archaic exonym)
- (countries of Asia) country of Asia; Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, East Timor, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen
References
edit- ^ MacKenzie, David Niel (1998). "Ērān, Ērānšahr". Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 8. Costa Mesa: Mazda, page 534.
- ^ “Iran”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “Iran”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Anagrams
editAfrikaans
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Proper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; capital: Teheran)
Derived terms
editAlbanian
editProper noun
editIran m (definite Irani)
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Inflection
editDerived terms
editBasque
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran inan
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Declension
editindefinite | |
---|---|
absolutive | Iran |
ergative | Iranek |
dative | Irani |
genitive | Iranen |
comitative | Iranekin |
causative | Iranengatik |
benefactive | Iranentzat |
instrumental | Iranez |
inessive | Iranen |
locative | Irango |
allative | Iranera |
terminative | Iraneraino |
directive | Iranerantz |
destinative | Iranerako |
ablative | Irandik |
partitive | Iranik |
prolative | Irantzat |
Derived terms
edit- irandar (“Iranian”)
- Irango Islamiar Errepublika (“Islamic Republic of Iran”)
Related terms
edit- iraniar (“Iranian”)
See also
edit- (countries of Asia) Asiako herrialdeak; Afganistan, Arabiar Emirerri Batuak, Armenia, Azerbaidjan, Bangladesh, Bahrain, Bhutan, Birmania, Brunei, Ekialdeko Timor, Errusia, Filipinak, Georgia, Hego Korea, India, Indonesia, Ipar Korea, Iran, Irak, Israel, Japonia, Jordania, Kanbodia, Kazakhstan, Kirgizistan, Kuwait, Laos, Libano, Malaysia, Maldivas, Mongolia, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestina, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapur, Siria, Sri Lanka, Tadjikistan, Taiwan, Thailandia, Turkia, Turkmenistan, Txina, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yemen, Zipre,
Breton
editProper noun
editIran ?
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Catalan
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran m
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Usage notes
edit- Catalan uses the definite article l’ in front of Iran, but not in enumerations (such as "Canada, China and Iran are big countries.")
Derived terms
editCentral Nahuatl
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Danish
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Derived terms
editDutch
editEtymology
editUltimately from Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾyʿʾn). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editIran n
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Related terms
editSee also
edit- Perzisch (archaic exonym)
Faroese
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Declension
editsingular | |
---|---|
indefinite | |
nominative | Iran |
accusative | Iran |
dative | Irani |
genitive | Irans |
Related terms
editAnagrams
editFinnish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Declension
editInflection of Iran (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | Iran | — | |
genitive | Iranin | — | |
partitive | Irania | — | |
illative | Iraniin | — | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | Iran | — | |
accusative | nom. | Iran | — |
gen. | Iranin | ||
genitive | Iranin | — | |
partitive | Irania | — | |
inessive | Iranissa | — | |
elative | Iranista | — | |
illative | Iraniin | — | |
adessive | Iranilla | — | |
ablative | Iranilta | — | |
allative | Iranille | — | |
essive | Iranina | — | |
translative | Iraniksi | — | |
abessive | Iranitta | — | |
instructive | — | — | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of Iran (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
editAnagrams
editFrench
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran m
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; official name: République islamique d’Iran)
Related terms
editSee also
editSee also
edit- (countries of Asia) pays d’Asie; Afghanistan, Arabie saoudite, Arménie, Azerbaïdjan, Bahreïn, Bangladesh, Bhoutan, Birmanie, Brunei, Cambodge, Chine, Chypre, Corée du Nord, Corée du Sud, Émirats arabes unis, Géorgie, Inde, Indonésie, Iran, Irak, Israël, Japon, Jordanie, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Koweït, Laos, Liban, Malaisie, Maldives, Mongolie, Népal, Oman, Ouzbékistan, Pakistan, Palestine, Philippines, Qatar, Russie, Singapour, Sri Lanka, Syrie, Tadjikistan, Thaïlande, Timor oriental, Turquie, Turkménistan, Vietnam, Yémen (Category: fr:Countries in Asia)
German
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran n (proper noun, genitive Irans or (optionally with an article) Iran)
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Proper noun
editIran m (proper noun, strong, genitive Irans or Iran)
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Usage notes
edit- The word is sometimes used without a definite article as in English: Iran, in Iran. In this case, the genitive is always Irans, for example Irans Hauptstadt – "Iran's capital".
- More commonly, however, the definite article is used with the name: der Iran, im Iran. In this case, the genitive usually is des Iran, although des Irans is also correct: die Hauptstadt des Iran(s) – "the capital of Iran".
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editSee also
editFurther reading
edit- “Iran” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Indonesian
editEtymology
editFrom Persian ایران (irân), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. Doublet of aria, arya, Arya, and ayah.
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
See also
edit- (countries of Asia) negara-negara di Asia; Afganistan, Arab Saudi, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Filipina, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Irak, Iran, Israel, Jepang, Kamboja, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Korea Selatan, Korea Utara, Kuwait, Laos, Libanon, Maladewa, Malaysia, Mesir, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestina, Qatar, Rusia, Singapura, Siprus, Sri Lanka, Suriah, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor Leste, Tiongkok, Turki, Turkmenistan, Uni Emirat Arab, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yaman, Yordania
Further reading
edit- “Iran” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Italian
editPronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /ˈi.ran/, (traditional) /iˈran/[1]
- Rhymes: -iran, (traditional) -an
- Hyphenation: Ì‧ran, (traditional) I‧ràn
Proper noun
editIran m
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Related terms
editSee also
edit- Persia (archaic exonym)
References
edit- ^ Iran in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Anagrams
editJapanese
editRomanization
editIran
Maltese
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editL-Iran m
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East; official name: Repubblika Iżlamika tal-Iran)
Norwegian Bokmål
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Related terms
editNorwegian Nynorsk
editProper noun
editIran
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Related terms
editPolish
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran m
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Declension
editDerived terms
editFurther reading
editRomanian
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Proper noun
editIran n
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Serbo-Croatian
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editÌrān m (Cyrillic spelling Ѝра̄н)
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Declension
editSwedish
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Proper noun
editIran n (genitive Irans)
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Derived terms
editReferences
editAnagrams
editTagalog
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Spanish Irán (“Iran”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔiˈɾan/ [ʔɪˈɾan̪]
- Rhymes: -an
- Syllabification: I‧ran
Proper noun
editIrán (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜈ᜔)
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Welsh
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editIran f
- Iran (a country in West Asia, in the Middle East)
Coordinate terms
edit- (countries of Asia) gwledydd Asia; Affganistan, Armenia, Aserbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhwtan, Brwnei, Cambodia, Casachstan, Catar, Coweit, Cirgistan, Cyprus, De Corea, Dwyrain Timor, yr Emiradau Arabaidd Unedig, Fietnam, Georgia, Iemen, India, Indonesia, Irac, Iran, Israel, Japan, Gogledd Corea, Gwlad Tai, Gwlad yr Iorddonen, Laos, Libanus, Maleisia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pacistan, Palesteina, y Philipinau, Rwsia, Sawdi Arabia, Singapôr, Sri Lanca, Syria, Taiwan, Tajicistan, Tsieina, Twrci, Tyrcmenistan, Wsbecistan
Derived terms
edit- Gweriniaeth Islamaidd Iran (“Islamic Republic of Iran”)
Mutation
editradical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
---|---|---|---|
Iran | unchanged | unchanged | Hiran |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
- English terms derived from Iranian Persian
- English terms derived from Classical Persian
- English terms derived from Middle Persian
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɑːn
- Rhymes:English/ɑːn/2 syllables
- Rhymes:English/æn
- Rhymes:English/æn/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- en:Iran
- en:Countries in Asia
- en:Countries
- en:Persia
- English terms with quotations
- English literary terms
- English technical terms
- Afrikaans terms with audio pronunciation
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans proper nouns
- af:Iran
- af:Countries in Asia
- af:Countries
- af:Persia
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian proper nouns
- Albanian masculine nouns
- sq:Iran
- sq:Countries in Asia
- sq:Countries
- sq:Persia
- Albanian uncountable nouns
- Basque terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Basque/iɾan
- Rhymes:Basque/iɾan/2 syllables
- Basque lemmas
- Basque proper nouns
- Basque inanimate nouns
- eu:Iran
- eu:Countries in Asia
- eu:Countries
- eu:Persia
- Breton lemmas
- Breton proper nouns
- br:Iran
- br:Countries in Asia
- br:Countries
- br:Persia
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Catalan/an
- Rhymes:Catalan/an/2 syllables
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan proper nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- ca:Iran
- ca:Countries in Asia
- ca:Countries
- ca:Persia
- Central Nahuatl lemmas
- Central Nahuatl proper nouns
- nhn:Iran
- nhn:Countries in Asia
- nhn:Countries
- nhn:Persia
- Danish lemmas
- Danish proper nouns
- da:Iran
- da:Countries in Asia
- da:Countries
- da:Persia
- Dutch terms derived from Persian
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Persian
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch proper nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- nl:Iran
- nl:Countries in Asia
- nl:Countries
- nl:Persia
- Faroese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Faroese terms with homophones
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese proper nouns
- fo:Iran
- fo:Countries in Asia
- fo:Countries
- fo:Persia
- Finnish terms derived from Persian
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/irɑn
- Rhymes:Finnish/irɑn/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish proper nouns
- fi:Iran
- fi:Countries in Asia
- fi:Countries
- fi:Persia
- Finnish paperi-type nominals
- Finnish uncountable nouns
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:French/ɑ̃
- Rhymes:French/ɑ̃/2 syllables
- French lemmas
- French proper nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Iran
- fr:Countries in Asia
- fr:Countries
- fr:Persia
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:German/aːn
- Rhymes:German/aːn/2 syllables
- German lemmas
- German proper nouns
- German neuter nouns
- de:Iran
- de:Countries in Asia
- de:Countries
- de:Persia
- German masculine nouns
- Indonesian terms derived from Persian
- Indonesian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Indonesian doublets
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian proper nouns
- id:Iran
- id:Countries in Asia
- id:Countries
- id:Persia
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua proper nouns
- ia:Iran
- ia:Countries in Asia
- ia:Countries
- ia:Persia
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/iran
- Rhymes:Italian/iran/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Italian/an
- Rhymes:Italian/an/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian proper nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- it:Iran
- it:Countries in Asia
- it:Countries
- it:Persia
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Maltese 2-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese proper nouns
- Maltese masculine nouns
- mt:Iran
- mt:Countries in Asia
- mt:Countries
- mt:Persia
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål proper nouns
- nb:Iran
- nb:Countries in Asia
- nb:Countries
- nb:Persia
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk proper nouns
- nn:Iran
- nn:Countries in Asia
- nn:Countries
- nn:Persia
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/iran
- Rhymes:Polish/iran/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish proper nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- pl:Iran
- pl:Countries in Asia
- pl:Countries
- pl:Persia
- Romanian terms with audio pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian proper nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- ro:Iran
- ro:Countries in Asia
- ro:Countries
- ro:Persia
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian proper nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Iran
- sh:Countries in Asia
- sh:Countries
- sh:Persia
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish proper nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- sv:Iran
- sv:Countries in Asia
- sv:Countries
- sv:Persia
- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
- Tagalog terms derived from Spanish
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/an
- Rhymes:Tagalog/an/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog proper nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- tl:Iran
- tl:Countries in Asia
- tl:Countries
- tl:Persia
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Welsh/an
- Rhymes:Welsh/an/2 syllables
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh proper nouns
- Welsh feminine nouns
- cy:Iran
- cy:Countries in Asia
- cy:Countries
- cy:Persia