-ys

-ys

1. Alternative form of -yos

-ys

1. Front vowel variant of -us

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-jás; which gave Latvian -is, Old Prussian -is, Proto-Slavic *-jь. When unstressed, the same ending produced -ias; see for more.

IPA^(key): /iːs/

-ỹs m (plural -iaĩ) stress pattern 3 or 4

1. masculine nominative singular ending for i̯ó-stem nouns.

   avilỹs (“beehive”); compare Latvian aũlis, Old Prussian aulis, Proto-Slavic *ulьjь

   ežỹs (“hedgehog”); compare Latvian ezis, Proto-Slavic *ežь

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

-ỹs m (plural -iaĩ, feminine -ė̃) stress pattern 3

1. agentive nominalizing suffix, typically applied to verbal roots in compounds

   dárbas (“work”) + dúoti (“give”) → darbdavỹs (“employer”)

   galvà (“head”) + žudýti (“kill”) → galvažudỹs (“hitman, assassin”)

   Synonyms: -ininkas, -ėjas, -tojas

2. produces masculine animates from some nominal stems

   árklas (“plough”) → arklỹs (“horse”)

   gaidà (“melody”) → gaidỹs (“cockerel”)

From Old Irish -as (compare Irish and Scottish Gaelic -as), from Proto-Celtic *-assus, from Proto-Indo-European *-ad-tus.

-ys m

1. Nominal suffix, used to form abstract ideas or nouns

-ys

1. Alternative form of -yssh

-ys

1. Alternative form of -esse

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ɨ̞s/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ɪs/, /ɪz/

From English -es.

-ys

1. Used to form plural nouns.

   Synonyms: -aid, -aint, -au, -ed, -edd, -en, -i, -iadau, -iaid, -iau, -ion, -od, -oedd, -on, -s, -ydd, -yr

   ‎nyrs (“nurse”) + ‎-ys → ‎nyrsys (“nurses”)

   ‎bocs (“box”) + ‎-ys → ‎bocsys (“boxes”)

   ‎bỳs (“bus”) + ‎-ys → ‎bysys (“buses”)

-ys

1. (literary) verb suffix for the impersonal present indicative/future

   ‎gwybod (“know”) + ‎-ys → ‎gwyddys (“is known, one knows”)

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-ys”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies