-ertaa
See also: -ertää
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom -taa; the -r- is re-extracted from some stems, particularly vihertää.[1]
Suffix
edit-ertaa (front vowel harmony variant -ertää, stem -erta-, linguistic notation -ertA- or -ertAA)
- Derives intransitive verbs, mostly of sound-symbolic nature.
Conjugation
edit| Inflection of -ertaa (Kotus type 54*K/huutaa, rt-rr gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -erran | en -erra | 1st sing. | olen -ertanut | en ole -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -errat | et -erra | 2nd sing. | olet -ertanut | et ole -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ertaa | ei -erra | 3rd sing. | on -ertanut | ei ole -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -erramme | emme -erra | 1st plur. | olemme -ertaneet | emme ole -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -erratte | ette -erra | 2nd plur. | olette -ertaneet | ette ole -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ertavat | eivät -erra | 3rd plur. | ovat -ertaneet | eivät ole -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -erretaan | ei -erreta | passive | on -errettu | ei ole -errettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ersin | en -ertanut | 1st sing. | olin -ertanut | en ollut -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ersit | et -ertanut | 2nd sing. | olit -ertanut | et ollut -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ersi | ei -ertanut | 3rd sing. | oli -ertanut | ei ollut -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ersimme | emme -ertaneet | 1st plur. | olimme -ertaneet | emme olleet -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ersitte | ette -ertaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -ertaneet | ette olleet -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ersivat | eivät -ertaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -ertaneet | eivät olleet -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -errettiin | ei -errettu | passive | oli -errettu | ei ollut -errettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ertaisin | en -ertaisi | 1st sing. | olisin -ertanut | en olisi -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ertaisit | et -ertaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -ertanut | et olisi -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ertaisi | ei -ertaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -ertanut | ei olisi -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ertaisimme | emme -ertaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -ertaneet | emme olisi -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ertaisitte | ette -ertaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -ertaneet | ette olisi -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ertaisivat | eivät -ertaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -ertaneet | eivät olisi -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -errettaisiin | ei -errettaisi | passive | olisi -errettu | ei olisi -errettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -erra | älä -erra | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ertakoon | älköön -ertako | 3rd sing. | olkoon -ertanut | älköön olko -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ertakaamme | älkäämme -ertako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ertakaa | älkää -ertako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ertakoot | älkööt -ertako | 3rd plur. | olkoot -ertaneet | älkööt olko -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -errettakoon | älköön -errettako | passive | olkoon -errettu | älköön olko -errettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -ertanen | en -ertane | 1st sing. | lienen -ertanut | en liene -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ertanet | et -ertane | 2nd sing. | lienet -ertanut | et liene -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ertanee | ei -ertane | 3rd sing. | lienee -ertanut | ei liene -ertanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -ertanemme | emme -ertane | 1st plur. | lienemme -ertaneet | emme liene -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ertanette | ette -ertane | 2nd plur. | lienette -ertaneet | ette liene -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -ertanevat | eivät -ertane | 3rd plur. | lienevät -ertaneet | eivät liene -ertaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -errettaneen | ei -errettane | passive | lienee -errettu | ei liene -errettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -ertaa | present | -ertava | -errettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -ertanut | -errettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -ertaessa | -errettaessa | agent4 | -ertama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -ertamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -ertaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -ertamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -ertamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -ertamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -ertamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -ertamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -ertaman | -errettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | -ertaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.
Anagrams
editIngrian
editEtymology
editFrom -r- + -taa, with the first component originating from verbs whose stem ends in -r.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-ertaa (front vowel variant -ertää)
Conjugation
edit| Conjugation of -ertaa (type 3/kyntää, rt-rr gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | -erran | en -erra | 1st singular | oon -ertant, oon -ertanut | en oo -ertant, en oo -ertanut |
| 2nd singular | -errat | et -erra | 2nd singular | oot -ertant, oot -ertanut | et oo -ertant, et oo -ertanut |
| 3rd singular | -ertaa | ei -erra | 3rd singular | ono -ertant, ono -ertanut | ei oo -ertant, ei oo -ertanut |
| 1st plural | -erramma | emmä -erra | 1st plural | oomma -ertanneet | emmä oo -ertanneet |
| 2nd plural | -erratta | että -erra | 2nd plural | ootta -ertanneet | että oo -ertanneet |
| 3rd plural | -ertaat1), -ertavat2), -errettaa | evät -erra, ei -erreta | 3rd plural | ovat -ertanneet | evät oo -ertanneet, ei oo -errettu |
| impersonal | -errettaa | ei -erreta | impersonal | ono -errettu | ei oo -errettu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | -ersin | en -ertant, en -ertanut | 1st singular | olin -ertant, olin -ertanut | en olt -ertant, en olt -ertanut |
| 2nd singular | -ersit | et -ertant, et -ertanut | 2nd singular | olit -ertant, olit -ertanut | et olt -ertant, et olt -ertanut |
| 3rd singular | -ersi | ei -ertant, ei -ertanut | 3rd singular | oli -ertant, oli -ertanut | ei olt -ertant, ei olt -ertanut |
| 1st plural | -ersimma | emmä -ertanneet | 1st plural | olimma -ertanneet | emmä olleet -ertanneet |
| 2nd plural | -ersitta | että -ertanneet | 2nd plural | olitta -ertanneet | että olleet -ertanneet |
| 3rd plural | -ersiit1), -ersivat2), -errettii | evät -ertanneet, ei -errettu | 3rd plural | olivat -ertanneet | evät olleet -ertanneet, ei olt -errettu |
| impersonal | -errettii | ei -errettu | impersonal | oli -errettu | ei olt -errettu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | -ertaisin | en -ertais | 1st singular | olisin -ertant, olisin -ertanut | en olis -ertant, en olis -ertanut |
| 2nd singular | -ertaisit, -ertaist1) | et -ertais | 2nd singular | olisit -ertant, olisit -ertanut | et olis -ertant, et olis -ertanut |
| 3rd singular | -ertais | ei -ertais | 3rd singular | olis -ertant, olis -ertanut | ei olis -ertant, ei olis -ertanut |
| 1st plural | -ertaisimma | emmä -ertais | 1st plural | olisimma -ertanneet | emmä olis -ertanneet |
| 2nd plural | -ertaisitta | että -ertais | 2nd plural | olisitta -ertanneet | että olis -ertanneet |
| 3rd plural | -ertaisiit1), -ertaisivat2), -errettais | evät -ertais, ei -errettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -ertanneet | evät olis -ertanneet, ei olis -errettu |
| impersonal | -errettais | ei -errettais | impersonal | olis -errettu | ei olis -errettu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | -erra | elä -erra | 2nd singular | oo -ertant, oo -ertanut | elä oo -ertant, elä oo -ertanut |
| 3rd singular | -ertakkoo | elköö -ertako | 3rd singular | olkoo -ertant, olkoo -ertanut | elköö olko -ertant, elköö olko -ertanut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | -ertakkaa | elkää -ertako | 2nd plural | olkaa -ertanneet | elkää olko -ertanneet |
| 3rd plural | -ertakkoot | elkööt -ertako, elköö -errettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -ertanneet | elkööt olko -ertanneet, elköö olko -errettu |
| impersonal | -errettakoo | elköö -errettako | impersonal | olkoo -errettu | elköö olko -errettu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | -ertanen | en -ertane | |||
| 2nd singular | -ertanet | et -ertane | |||
| 3rd singular | -ertannoo | ei -ertane | |||
| 1st plural | -ertanemma | emmä -ertane | |||
| 2nd plural | -ertanetta | että -ertane | |||
| 3rd plural | -ertannoot | evät -ertane, ei -errettane | |||
| impersonal | -errettanoo | ei -errettane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | -ertaa | present | -ertava | -errettava | |
| 2nd | inessive | -ertaes | past | -ertant, -ertanut | -errettu |
| instructive | -ertaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-ertakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | -ertammaa | |||
| inessive | -ertamas | ||||
| elative | -ertamast | ||||
| abessive | -ertamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | -ertamiin | |||
| partitive | -ertamista, -ertamist | ||||