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Hindi

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Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɑː.nɑː/, [äː.näː]

Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Prakrit 𑀆𑀯𑁂𑀇 (āvei), from Sanskrit आपयति (āpayati), from आप् (āp) + -अयति (-ayati). Cognate with Punjabi ਆਉਣਾ (āuṇā), Gujarati આવવું (āvavũ), Mewari आणो (āṇo), and Nepali आउनु (āunu).[1]

    The perfective form आया (āyā) is from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀆𑀕𑀤 (āgada) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit आगत (āgata), making it a doublet of आगत (āgat). The originally-suppletive verb appears regular in Modern Hindi due to lenition.[2]

    Verb

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    आना (ānā) (Urdu spelling آنا)

    1. to come, approach, arrive, reach (a place or point)
      मैं अभी आता हूँma͠i abhī ātā hū̃.I'll come right now.
      Antonym: जाना (jānā)
    2. to enter, appear
    3. (of a skill, such as a language) to be acquired or known [with dative ‘by’]; to be fluent
      मुझे (थोड़ी) हिंदी आती हैmujhe (thoṛī) hindī ātī hai.I know (a little) Hindi. (literally, “Hindi comes to me.”)
    4. to be perceived or felt [with dative ‘by’]
      मुझे ख़्याल आयाmujhe xyāl āyā.The thought struck me
    5. to come to pass, befall
    6. to grow (of crops, fruit), develop, come into vogue (of a word or usage), be inflamed (of a boil)
    7. to take on a form or guise
      बड़ा आया दफ़्तर में काम करनेवालाbaṛā āyā daftar mẽ kām karnevālā(please add an English translation of this usage example)
    8. to rise, overflow
    9. to sit well [with में (mẽ) ‘on’], to fit
    10. to beseem, grace
    11. to be intent [with पर (par) ‘on’]
    12. to issue, be voided
    13. to be completed, perfected (of a dish, work, etc)
    14. to be contained, held [with में (mẽ) ‘in’]
      1. (figurative) to be taken in or deceived by
    15. to be obtained, purchased [with में (mẽ) or (dative +) को (ko) ‘for a price’]
    16. auxiliary verb: gives a sense of perfective aspect (completed action) but also the doer returns after doing the action
      कर आनाkar ānāto do (and return)
    Conjugation
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    Antonyms
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    Derived terms
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    Noun

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    आना (ānām

    1. coming, arrival
    Declension
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    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    Inherited from Sanskrit अन्न (anna).

    Noun

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    आना (ānām (Urdu spelling آنا)

    1. an anna (116 of an Indian rupee)
    2. (by extension) one sixteenth of any item
    Declension
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    References

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    1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “āpayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
    2. ^ Oberlies, Thomas (2005) A Historical Grammar of Hindi, Grazer Vergleichende Arbeiten, →ISBN, page 36