飢える
Japanese
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
飢 |
う Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
餓える 饑える |
*/uwu/ → /uweru/ → /ueru/
From classical verb 飢う (uu).
Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.
Pronunciation
edit- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「飢える」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
飢える | うえる | [ùéꜜrù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 飢えろ | うえろ | [ùéꜜrò] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 飢えられる | うえられる | [ùéráréꜜrù] |
Causative | 飢えらせる | うえらせる | [ùéráséꜜrù] |
Potential | - | - | - |
Volitional | 飢えよう | うえよー | [ùéyóꜜò] |
Negative | 飢えない | うえない | [ùéꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 飢えなかった | うえなかった | [ùéꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 飢えます | うえます | [ùémáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 飢えた | うえた | [úꜜètà] |
Conjunctive | 飢えて | うえて | [úꜜètè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 飢えれば | うえれば | [ùéꜜrèbà] |
Verb
edit飢える • (ueru) ←うゑる (uweru)?intransitive ichidan (stem 飢え (ue), past 飢えた (ueta))
- to starve, be hungry
Conjugation
editConjugation of "飢える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 飢え | うえ | ue | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 飢え | うえ | ue | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 飢える | うえる | ueru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 飢える | うえる | ueru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 飢えれ | うえれ | uere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 飢えよ¹ 飢えろ² |
うえよ¹ うえろ² |
ueyo¹ uero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 飢えられる | うえられる | uerareru | |
Causative | 飢えさせる 飢えさす |
うえさせる うえさす |
uesaseru uesasu | |
Potential | 飢えられる 飢えれる³ |
うえられる うえれる³ |
uerareru uereru³ | |
Volitional | 飢えよう | うえよう | ueyō | |
Negative | 飢えない 飢えぬ 飢えん |
うえない うえぬ うえん |
uenai uenu uen | |
Negative continuative | 飢えず | うえず | uezu | |
Formal | 飢えます | うえます | uemasu | |
Perfective | 飢えた | うえた | ueta | |
Conjunctive | 飢えて | うえて | uete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 飢えれば | うえれば | uereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
飢 |
かつ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
餓える |
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) かつえる [kàtsúéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- (Tokyo) かつえる [kàtsúérú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA(key): [ka̠t͡sɨe̞ɾɯ̟]
Verb
edit飢える • (katsueru) ←かつゑる (katweru)?intransitive ichidan (stem 飢え (katsue), past 飢えた (katsueta))
Conjugation
editConjugation of "飢える" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 飢え | かつえ | katsue | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 飢え | かつえ | katsue | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 飢える | かつえる | katsueru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 飢える | かつえる | katsueru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 飢えれ | かつえれ | katsuere | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 飢えよ¹ 飢えろ² |
かつえよ¹ かつえろ² |
katsueyo¹ katsuero² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 飢えられる | かつえられる | katsuerareru | |
Causative | 飢えさせる 飢えさす |
かつえさせる かつえさす |
katsuesaseru katsuesasu | |
Potential | 飢えられる 飢えれる³ |
かつえられる かつえれる³ |
katsuerareru katsuereru³ | |
Volitional | 飢えよう | かつえよう | katsueyō | |
Negative | 飢えない 飢えぬ 飢えん |
かつえない かつえぬ かつえん |
katsuenai katsuenu katsuen | |
Negative continuative | 飢えず | かつえず | katsuezu | |
Formal | 飢えます | かつえます | katsuemasu | |
Perfective | 飢えた | かつえた | katsueta | |
Conjunctive | 飢えて | かつえて | katsuete | |
Hypothetical conditional | 飢えれば | かつえれば | katsuereba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential |
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 飢 read as う
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese terms historically spelled with ゑ
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese intransitive verbs
- Japanese ichidan verbs
- Japanese shimo ichidan verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 飢 read as かつ