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Translingual
editHan character
edit雹 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月心口山 (MBPRU), four-corner 10712, composition ⿱雨包)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42248
- Dae Jaweon: page 1882, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 5
- Unihan data for U+96F9
Chinese
edit| trad. | 雹 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 雹 | |
| alternative forms | 𩅟 | |
Glyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 雹 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 袍 | *buː |
| 袌 | *buː, *buːs |
| 軳 | *buː |
| 抱 | *buːʔ |
| 勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
| 菢 | *buːs |
| 勹 | *pruː |
| 包 | *pruː |
| 胞 | *pruː, *pʰruː |
| 苞 | *pruː |
| 枹 | *pruː, *bu, *bu |
| 飽 | *pruːʔ |
| 泡 | *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː |
| 炮 | *pʰruːs, *bruː |
| 皰 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 疱 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 跑 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 咆 | *bruː |
| 庖 | *bruː |
| 匏 | *bruː |
| 刨 | *bruː |
| 狍 | *bruː |
| 炰 | *bruː |
| 鉋 | *bruː, *bruːs |
| 瓟 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 颮 | *bruː, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鞄 | *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鮑 | *bruːʔ |
| 骲 | *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 玸 | *bu |
| 雹 | *bruːɡ |
| 窇 | *bruːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruːɡ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-bru(ŋ/k) (“dragon; thunder”), whence also 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “dragon”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bao4
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bok6
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): dok5-4 / tok5-4 / bok5 / bau1
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): buk6
- Gan (Wiktionary): poh7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): bau3
- Northern Min (KCR): pāu
- Eastern Min (BUC): pĕ̤k / pâu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6bau; 8boq / 2bau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pau4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: báo
- Wade–Giles: pao2
- Yale: báu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baur
- Palladius: бао (bao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, rare literary variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bó
- Wade–Giles: po2
- Yale: bwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
- Palladius: бо (bo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bao4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bao
- Sinological IPA (key): /pau²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bok6
- Yale: bohk
- Cantonese Pinyin: bok9
- Guangdong Romanization: bog6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɔːk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: dok5-4 / tok5-4 / bok5 / bau1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔk̚³²⁻²¹/, /tʰɔk̚³²⁻²¹/, /pɔk̚³²/, /pau³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- dok5-4, tok5-4 - vernacular;
- bok5, bau1 - literary.
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: buk6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʊk̚⁵⁵/
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: poh7
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔʔ²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pho̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: pog
- Hagfa Pinyim: pog6
- Sinological IPA: /pʰok̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: bau3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pau⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pāu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: pĕ̤k / pâu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰøyʔ⁵/, /pʰɑu²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- pĕ̤k - vernacular;
- pâu - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pha̍uh
- Tâi-lô: pha̍uh
- Phofsit Daibuun: phauh
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰauʔ⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰauʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàu
- Tâi-lô: phàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: phaux
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰau⁴¹/
- IPA (Yilan): /pʰau²¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kinmen, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phau
- Tâi-lô: phau
- Phofsit Daibuun: phaw
- IPA (Taipei, Kinmen): /pʰau⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phāu
- Tâi-lô: phāu
- Phofsit Daibuun: phau
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pa̍k
- Tâi-lô: pa̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: pak
- IPA (Xiamen): /pak̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍k
- Tâi-lô: po̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: pok
- IPA (Xiamen): /pɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Taichung)
Note:
- pha̍uh/phàu/phau/phāu - vernacular;
- pa̍k - literary.
Note:
- tag8 - vernacular;
- bog4, bao6 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: baewk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[b]ˤruk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bruːɡ/
Definitions
edit雹
Synonyms
editDescendants
edit- ⇒ Zhuang: lwgbag
Compounds
editReferences
edit- “雹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
edit雹
Readings
edit- Go-on: ぼく (boku)
- Kan-on: はく (haku)←はく (faku, historical)
- Kan’yō-on: ひょく (hyoku)←ひよく (fyoku, historical)
- Kun: ひょう (hyō, 雹)
Etymology
edit| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雹 |
| ひょう Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Perhaps from 氷 (hyō, “ice”) (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editNoun
editUsage notes
editThis term refers to hail at least 5mm in diameter. Hail smaller than this is referred to as 霰 (arare).
Derived terms
editKorean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 雹 (MC baewk).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 빡〮 (Yale: ppák) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 무〮뤼〮 (Yale: mwúlwúy) | 박〮 (Yale: pák) |
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pa̠k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [박]
Hanja
editCompounds
editReferences
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit雹: Hán Nôm readings: bạc, bão, boạc
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading ぼく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading はく
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading はく
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading ひょく
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'yōon reading ひよく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひょう
- Japanese terms spelled with 雹 read as ひょう
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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- Japanese lemmas
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- ja:Weather
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