砝

Translingual

Han character

砝 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口土戈 (MRGI), four-corner 1463₁, composition ⿰石去)

Derived characters

䂶

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 828, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24081
Dae Jaweon: page 1243, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2422, character 5
Unihan data for U+781D

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 石 + abbreviated phonetic 法.

Etymologies 2 and 3

Characters in the same phonetic series (去) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
佉	*kʰal
呿	kʰal, kʰas, *kʰab
抾	kʰɯ, kʰɯ, *kʰab
弆	kaʔ, kʰaʔ
祛	*kʰa
袪	*kʰa
阹	*kʰa
胠	kʰa, kʰas, *kʰab
魼	kʰa, kʰl'aːb
去	kʰaʔ, kʰas
麮	kʰaʔ, kʰas
鼁	*kʰas
砝	kaːb, kab
劫	kab, kab
鉣	*kab
蜐	kab, kab
怯	*kʰab

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːb, *kab) : semantic 石 + phonetic 去 (OC *kʰaʔ, *kʰas).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		砝
alternative forms		法

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fǎ (fa³)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄚˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): faat³
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hah⁶
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hoat

(Teochew, Peng'im): huab⁴ / huag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fǎ
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fǎ
  - Wade–Giles: fa³
  - Yale: fǎ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: faa
  - Palladius: фа (fa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: faat³
  - Yale: faat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: fad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːt̚³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hah⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hah⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoat
  - Tâi-lô: huat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoad
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huat̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huab⁴ / huag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huap / huak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huap̚²/, /huak̚²/

Note:

huab4 - Chaozhou;
huag4 - Shantou, Chenghai, Chaoyang.

Definitions

砝

Used in 砝碼／砝码 (fǎmǎ).

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		砝
alternative forms		䂲

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jié (jie²)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jié
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jié
  - Wade–Giles: chieh²
  - Yale: jyé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jye
  - Palladius: цзе (cze)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: kjaep

Rime
Character	砝
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	業 (147)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居怯切
Baxter	kjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨap̚/
Li Rong	/kiap̚/
Wang Li	/kĭɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jie
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gip³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kab/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	砝
Reading #	2/2
No.	10696
Phonetic component	去
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	劫
Old Chinese	/*kab/

Definitions

砝

(obsolete, rare) hard

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		砝

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gé (ge²)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gé
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gé
  - Wade–Giles: ko²
  - Yale: gé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
  - Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: kap

Rime
Character	砝
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	居盍切
Baxter	kap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kap̚/
Li Rong	/kɑp̚/
Wang Li	/kɑp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gap³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kaːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	砝
Reading #	1/2
No.	10693
Phonetic component	去
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	砝
Old Chinese	/*kaːb/

Definitions

砝

(obsolete, rare) the sound of rocks

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “砝”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 61.

Japanese

Kanji

砝

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): きょう (kyō)、こう (kō)、ほう (hō)
Kun: かたい (katai)