柰

See also: 奈

柰	U+67F0, 柰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67F0

← 柯
[U+67EF]

CJK Unified Ideographs

柱 →
[U+67F1]

Translingual

Han character

柰 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木一一火 (DMMF) or 難木一一火 (XDMMF), four-corner 4090₁, composition ⿱木示)

Derived characters

㮏, 渿, 歀, 㲡, 隸, 𡞫, 𭡠, 𥈡, 𧛮, 𩈶, 𩹟, 𪑨, 𦤧, 𫩀, 𮨕, 𫎉, 𣛒, 𣜩, 𬄷, 𤸏, 𦳐, 𭔢

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14659
Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1176, character 9
Unihan data for U+67F0

Chinese

trad.		柰
simp. ^#		柰

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奈) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
奈	naːls, naːds
柰	*naːds
渿	*naːds
捺	*naːd

木 (“tree”) + 示 – a kind of tree (Malus Prunifolia). The component 示 is a reference to a sacrifice, perhaps burning sacrifical timber or sacrifice the small apples produced by this kind of tree. Unrelated to 奈.

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

a kind of apple: Attested somewhat late (e.g. in SWJZ [1] & Shiming [2]). 柰 (OC nâ(t)s) is possibly analogous to and related to Old Japanese nasi (whence Japanese 梨 (nashi, “pear”)) (Unger, 1983; Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nài (nai⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄞˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): noi⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): noi⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): nai
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): nai⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): nāi

(Teochew, Peng'im): nai⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nài
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nài
  - Wade–Giles: nai⁴
  - Yale: nài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nay
  - Palladius: най (naj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: noi⁶
  - Yale: noih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: noi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: noi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔːi̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: noi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdᵘɔi³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nai
  - Hakka Romanization System: nai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: nai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /nai̯⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: nai⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nai²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nāi
  - Tâi-lô: nāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /nãi²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /nãi⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /nãi²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nãi³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nãi³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: nai⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: năi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nai³⁵/

Middle Chinese: najH

Rime
Character	柰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	奴帶切
Baxter	najH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nɑi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/nɑi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/nɑi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/naj^H/
Li Rong	/nɑi^H/
Wang Li	/nɑi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/nɑi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naai⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*naːds/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	柰
Reading #	1/1
No.	9351
Phonetic component	奈
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	柰
Old Chinese	/*naːds/

Definitions

柰

a kind of apple similar to the crabapple (Malus asiatica)
(obsolete) jasmine
a surname

Compounds

柰苑

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 柰 – see 奈 (“how; why; to bear; to stand; to endure; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 奈).

References

“柰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “柰”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 162.

Japanese

Kanji

柰

(Hyōgai kanji)

To bear or endure.
A crabapple tree.

Readings

On (unclassified): な (na)、だい (dai)
Kun: いかん (ikan)、からなし (karanashi)

Korean

Hanja

柰 (eum 내 (nae))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

柰: Hán Nôm readings: nại

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation