幽默

Chinese

		quiet; secluded	silent; write from memory
trad. (幽默)		幽	默
simp. ^#(幽默)		幽	默

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yōumò

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡㄇㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹ mak⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yû-me̍t
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): iu-bia̍k / iu-be̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): hiun¹ mig⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ieu-meq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yōumò
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡㄇㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: youmò
  - Wade–Giles: yu¹-mo⁴
  - Yale: yōu-mwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ioumoh
  - Palladius: юмо (jumo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau¹ mak⁶
  - Yale: yāu mahk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹ mak⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹ meg⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ mɐk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû-me̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: iu^ˊ med
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹ med⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû-me̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu^ˊ med
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu¹ med⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ met̚⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-bia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: iu-bia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iu'biak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iu³³ biak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iu-be̍k
  - Tâi-lô: iu-bi̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iu'bek
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu⁴⁴⁻²² biɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iu⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iu⁴⁴⁻²² biɪk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hiun¹ mig⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiuⁿ mi̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩũ³³⁻²³ mik̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ieu-meq
  - MiniDict: ieu^平 meh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ieu-meq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /iɤ⁵⁵ məʔ²¹/

Middle Chinese: 'jiw mok

Rime
Character	幽	默
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	幽 (138)	德 (131)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	於虯切	莫北切
Baxter	'jiw	mok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪu/	/mək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨu/	/mək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔieu/	/mək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔjiw/	/mək̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiĕu/	/mək̚/
Wang Li	/iəu/	/mək̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔieu/	/mək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yōu	mò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau¹	mak⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qɯw mlɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	幽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yōu
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjiw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ](r)iw/
English	dark; secluded
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	幽	默
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	14620	5107
Phonetic component	幽	黑
Rime group	幽	職
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	幽	墨
Old Chinese	/*qɯw/	/*mlɯːɡ/
Notes	甲金文從火從二幺會意火微

Etymology 1

Of native origin, as the combination of 幽 (yōu, “dark”) and 默 (mò, “quiet”); attested in the Chu Ci (《楚辭·九章·懷沙》).

眴兮杳杳，孔靜幽默。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

眴兮杳杳，孔静幽默。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

Xuàn xī yǎoyǎo, kǒng jìng yōumò. [Pinyin]

Wherever I see, it is dark and empty, amid total silence.

Adjective

幽默

(archaic) quiet; tranquil

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of English humor, by linguist Lin Yutang in 1924.

Adjective

幽默

humorous

Synonyms

edit

古味 (Hakka)
古怪 (Hakka)
可笑 (kěxiào)
好笑 (hǎoxiào)
搞笑 (gǎoxiào)
滑稽
詼諧／诙谐 (huīxié)
風趣／风趣 (fēngqù)

Noun

幽默

humor; hilarity

Derived terms

幽默感 (yōumògǎn)
黑色幽默 (hēisè yōumò)