工程

Chinese

		work; worker; skill work; worker; skill; profession; trade; craft; labour	rule; order; regulations rule; order; regulations; formula; journey; procedure; sequence; surname
trad. (工程)		工	程
simp. ^#(工程)		工	程

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gōngchéng

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥㄔㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gung¹ cing⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kûng-chhàng

(Hailu, HRS): gung^ˋ chang
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kang-thêng / kang-têng / kang-tiâⁿ / kang-thiâⁿ

(Teochew, Peng'im): gang¹ tian⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gōngchéng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥㄔㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gongchéng
  - Wade–Giles: kung¹-chʻêng²
  - Yale: gūng-chéng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongcherng
  - Palladius: гунчэн (gunčɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    宮城／宫城
    工程
    攻城
    功成
    恭城
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gung¹ cing⁴
  - Yale: gūng chìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹ tsing⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung¹ qing⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûng-chhàng
  - Hakka Romanization System: gung^ˊ cang^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gung¹ cang²
  - Sinological IPA: /kuŋ²⁴ t͡sʰaŋ¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gung^ˋ chang
  - Sinological IPA: /kuŋ⁵³ t͡ʃʰaŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-thêng
  - Tâi-lô: kang-thîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kangteeng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kaŋ³³ tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɪŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-têng
  - Tâi-lô: kang-tîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kangdeeng
  - IPA (Taipei): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɪŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-tiâⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kang-tiânn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kangdviaa
  - IPA (Taipei): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiã²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiã²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-thiâⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kang-thiânn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kangtviaa
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiã²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gang¹ tian⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kang thiâⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰĩã⁵⁵/

Noun

工程

(uncountable) engineering
地理信息工程 ― dìlǐ xìnxī gōngchéng ― geographic information engineering

材料加工工程 ― cáiliào jiāgōng gōngchéng ― material processing engineering

林業工程／林业工程 ― línyè gōngchéng ― forestry engineering

基建工程 ― jījiàn gōngchéng ― capital construction
(countable) project (Classifier: 個／个; 項／项)
希望工程 ― xīwàng gōngchéng ― Project Hope

夏商周斷代工程／夏商周断代工程 ― Xià Shāng Zhōu duàndài gōngchéng ― the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project

Synonyms

(project):

edit

方案 (fāng'àn)
計劃／计划 (jìhuà)
項目／项目 (xiàngmù)

(engineering): (Cantonese) N展

Derived terms

交通工程 (jiāotōng gōngchéng)
反向工程 (fǎnxiàng gōngchéng)
土木工程 (tǔmù gōngchéng)
基因工程 (jīyīn gōngchéng)
工兵 (gōngbīng)
工程兵 (gōngchéngbīng)
工程大 (Gōngchéngdà)
工程學／工程学 (gōngchéngxué)
工程師／工程师 (gōngchéngshī)
形象工程 (xíngxiàng gōngchéng)
核工程 (hégōngchéng)
機械工程／机械工程 (jīxiè gōngchéng)
水利工程 (shuǐlì gōngchéng)
生態工程／生态工程 (shēngtài gōngchéng)
社會工程／社会工程 (shèhuì gōngchéng)
系統工程／系统工程 (xìtǒng gōngchéng)
豆腐渣工程 (dòufuzhā gōngchéng)
軟件工程／软件工程 (ruǎnjiàn gōngchéng)
逆向工程 (nìxiàng gōngchéng)
遺傳工程／遗传工程 (yíchuán gōngchéng)
選舉工程／选举工程 (xuǎnjǔgōngchéng)
金融工程 (jīnróng gōngchéng)
電子工程／电子工程 (diànzǐ gōngchéng)
面子工程 (miànzǐ gōngchéng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (工程):

→ Japanese: 工程(こうてい) (kōtei)
→ Korean: 공정(工程) (gongjeong)
→ Vietnamese: công trình (工程)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
工	程
こう Grade: 2	てい Grade: 5
kan'on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーてー [kòótéé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːte̞ː]

Noun

工(こう)程(てい) • (kōtei)

work process
progress of work

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
工	程

Noun

工程 • (gongjeong) (hangeul 공정)

hanja form^? of 공정 (“process”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
工	程

Noun

工程

chữ Hán form of công trình (“project”).

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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