城市

Chinese

		city walls; city; town	market; city
simp. and trad. (城市)		城	市

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): chéngshì

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄕˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чыншы (čɨnšɨ, I-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): sing⁴ si⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sàng-sṳ

(Hailu, HRS): shang shi^˖

(Meixian, Guangdong): sang² si⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): siàng-chê
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): siâⁿ-chhī / siâⁿ-chhǐ

(Teochew, Peng'im): sian⁵ ci⁶
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶zen-zy₆ / ²zen-zy₆

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chéngshì
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chéngshìh
  - Wade–Giles: chʻêng²-shih⁴
  - Yale: chéng-shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngshyh
  - Palladius: чэнши (čɛnši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    乘勢／乘势
    呈示
    城事
    城市
    成事
    承事
    程式
    誠是／诚是
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чыншы (čɨnšɨ, I-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰəŋ²⁴ ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sing⁴ si⁵
  - Yale: sìhng síh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sing⁴ si⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: xing⁴ xi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ²¹ siː¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sàng-sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: sang^ˇ sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sang² si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /saŋ¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: shang shi^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃaŋ⁵⁵ ʃi³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: sang² si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /saŋ¹¹ sz̩⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siàng-chê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒɛi²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siâⁿ-chhī
  - Tâi-lô: siânn-tshī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sviachi
  - IPA (Taipei): /siã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /siã²⁴⁻¹² t͡sʰi²²/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/
  - IPA (Singapore): /siã²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰi²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰi³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siâⁿ-chhǐ
  - Tâi-lô: siânn-tshǐ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sian⁵ ci⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siâⁿ tshĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zen-zy₆
  - MiniDict: zen^去 zy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zen-zr₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²² zz̩⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²zen-zy₆
  - MiniDict: zen^平 zy^去
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zən²² zz̩³³/

Middle Chinese: dzyeng dzyiX

Rime
Character	城	市
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	是征切	時止切
Baxter	dzyeng	dzyiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇŋ/	/d͡ʑɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛŋ/	/d͡ʑɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiæŋ/	/d͡ʑie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajŋ/	/d͡ʑɨ^X/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛŋ/	/ʑiə^X/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛŋ/	/ʑĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛŋ/	/ʑi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chéng	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing⁴	si⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]eŋ C.[d]əʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*djeŋ djɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	城	市
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chéng	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyeng ›	‹ dzyi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]eŋ/	/*C.[d]əʔ/
English	city wall	market (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	城	市
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1418	11611
Phonetic component	成	市
Rime group	耕	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	成	市
Old Chinese	/*djeŋ/	/*djɯʔ/

Noun

城市

city; town (Classifier: 個／个; 座)
城市風光／城市风光 ― chéngshì fēngguāng ― cityscape

旅遊城市／旅游城市 ― lǚyóu chéngshì ― tourist city

城市人口 ― chéngshì rénkǒu ― urban population

城市生活 ― chéngshì shēnghuó ― urban life

城市道路 ― chéngshì dàolù ― urban road

沿邊城市／沿边城市 ― yánbiān chéngshì ― border city

中國城市等級制／中国城市等级制 ― Zhōngguó chéngshì děngjízhì ― the Chinese city tier system

促進城市可持續發展 [MSC, trad.]
促进城市可持续发展 [MSC, simp.]
cùjìn chéngshì kěchíxù fāzhǎn [Pinyin]
to promote the sustainable development of the city

你在這個城市住了多久了？ [MSC, trad.]
你在这个城市住了多久了？ [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ zài zhège chéngshì zhù le duōjiǔ le? [Pinyin]
How long have you been living in this city?

我幾乎未曾離開過這個城市。 [MSC, trad.]
我几乎未曾离开过这个城市。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ jīhū wèicéng líkāi guò zhège chéngshì. [Pinyin]
I have hardly ever been out of this city.

在戰爭中，這個城市幾經易手。 [MSC, trad.]
在战争中，这个城市几经易手。 [MSC, simp.]
Zài zhànzhēng zhōng, zhè ge chéngshì jǐjīng yìshǒu. [Pinyin]
The city changed hands several times during the war.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 城市 (“city”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		城市
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	城市
	Harbin	城市
	Singapore	城市
Jilu Mandarin	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	城市
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	城市
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	城市
Southwestern Mandarin	Guiyang	城市
	Guilin	城市
	Pingle	城市
	Liuzhou	城市
	Luzhai	城市
Cantonese	Hong Kong	城市
Cantonese	Guiping (Jintian)	城市
Hakka	Nantou (Guoxing; Lufeng)	城市
	Bobai (Shahe)	城市
	Bobai (Lingping)	城市
	Singkawang	埠頭
	Pontianak (Meixian)	埠頭, 城市
Huizhou	Jixi	城市
Jin	Datong	城市
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	城市
	Xinzhou	城市
	Changzhi	城市
Eastern Min	Gutian	城市
Southern Min	Shantou	城市
Southern Min	Haikou	城市
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	城市
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	城
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	城市
Northern Pinghua	Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)	城市
Wu	Shanghai	城市
	Danyang	城市
	Jinhua	城市
	Yiwu	城, 城市

Derived terms

中心城市 (zhōngxīn chéngshì)
友好城市 (yǒuhǎo chéngshì)
國家中心城市／国家中心城市
城市化 (chéngshìhuà)
城市改造 (chéngshì gǎizào)
城市更新 (chéngshì gēngxīn)
城市熱島效應／城市热岛效应 (chéngshì rèdǎo xiàoyìng)
城市病 (chéngshìbìng)
城市網絡／城市网络
城市美容師／城市美容师
城市規劃／城市规划 (chéngshì guīhuà)
城市規劃師／城市规划师 (chéngshì guīhuàshī)
城市貧民／城市贫民 (chéngshì pínmín)
城市鐵路／城市铁路 (chéngshì tiělù)
城市雕塑 (chéngshì diāosù)
城管 (chéngguǎn)
城鎮／城镇 (chéngzhèn)
姊妹城市 (zǐmèi chéngshì)
姐妹城市 (jiěmèi chéngshì)
智慧城市 (zhìhuì chéngshì)
生態城市／生态城市 (shēngtài chéngshì)
花園城市／花园城市 (huāyuán chéngshì)

Related terms

城鎮／城镇 (chéngzhèn)
集鎮／集镇 (jízhèn)

城市

Contents

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

See also