四十

Chinese

	four	ten
simp. and trad. (四十)	四	十
alternative forms	肆拾 financial
anagram	十四

**Chinese cardinal numbers**
< 39	40	41 >
Cardinal : 四十 (sìshí)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): sìshí

(Zhuyin): ㄙˋ ㄕˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si⁴ si²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сышы (sɨšɨ, III-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): sei³ sap⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): si-sṳ̍p
Eastern Min (BUC): sé-sĕk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sì-cha̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): si³ zab⁸
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁵sy-zeq / ⁵sy-seq; ⁵sy-zeq
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sr⁴ shr⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: sìshí
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˋ ㄕˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìhshíh
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴-shih²
  - Yale: sz̀-shŕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syhshyr
  - Palladius: сыши (syši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    四十
    四時／四时
    巳時／巳时
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: si⁴ si²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ss
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹³ sz̩²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сышы (sɨšɨ, III-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴⁴ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sei³ sap⁶
  - Yale: sei sahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sei³ sap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: séi³ seb⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sei̯³³ sɐp̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si-sṳ̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi siib
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi⁴ sib⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /si⁵⁵ sɨp̚⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sé-sĕk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)lɛiʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong, Taichung, Lukang, Philippines, Jinjiang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì-cha̍p
  - Tâi-lô: sì-tsa̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siezap
  - IPA (Taipei): /si¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Kinmen): /si¹²⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Lukang): /si³¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚³⁵/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /si²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Yilan): /si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁵/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines, Jinjiang): /si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sap̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Tainan): /si²¹⁻⁵³ t͡sap̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si³ zab⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì tsa̍p
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sap̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sy-zeq
  - MiniDict: sy^去 zeh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²sr-zeq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³³ zəʔ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁵sy-seq; ⁵sy-zeq
  - MiniDict: sy^去 seh; sy^去 zeh
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /sz̩⁵² səʔ³³/, /sz̩⁵² zəʔ³³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: sr⁴ shr⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sz̩⁴⁵ sz̩²⁴/

Middle Chinese: sijH dzyip

Rime
Character	四	十
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	息利切	是執切
Baxter	sijH	dzyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪ^H/	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/si^H/	/d͡ʑip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjɪ^H/	/d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/si^H/	/d͡ʑip̚/
Li Rong	/si^H/	/ʑiəp̚/
Wang Li	/si^H/	/ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/si^H/	/ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sì	shí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si³	sap⁶

Numeral

四十

forty; 40

Derived terms

四十一 (sìshíyī)
四十七 (sìshíqī)
四十三 (sìshísān)
四十九 (sìshíjiǔ)
四十二 (sìshí'èr)
四十五 (sìshíwǔ)
四十八 (sìshíbā)
四十六 (sìshíliù)
四十四 (sìshísì)
四十埠 (Sìshíbù)
四十年代 (sìshí niándài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (四十):

→ Japanese: 四十(しじゅう) (shijū)
→ Korean: 사십(四十) (sasip)

Japanese

**Japanese cardinal numbers**
< 39	40	41 >
Cardinal : 四十

Pronunciation 1

Kanji in this term
四	十
し Grade: 1	じゅう Grade: 1
on'yomi

(Tokyo) しじゅう [shìjúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Tokyo) しじゅう [shìjúú] (Heiban – [0])^[3]
IPA^(key): [ɕiʑɨː]

Numeral

四(し)十(じゅう) • (shijū) ^{←しじふ (sizifu)^?}

forty; 40

Derived terms

うかうか三(さん)十(じゅう)きょろきょろ四(し)十(じゅう) (ukauka sanjū kyorokyoro shijū)

Usage notes

Use nakadaka for nouns and heiban for adverbs.^[3]

Pronunciation 2

Kanji in this term
四	十
よん Grade: 1	じゅう Grade: 1
yutōyomi

(Tokyo) よんじゅう [yóꜜǹjùù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [jõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨː]

Numeral

四(よん)十(じゅう) • (yonjū) ^{←よんじふ (yonzifu)^?}

forty; 40

Pronunciation 3

Kanji in this term
四	十
よ Grade: 1	そ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

(Tokyo) よそ [yóꜜsò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3]
IPA^(key): [jo̞so̞]

Numeral

四(よ)十(そ) • (yoso)

forty; 40

Pronunciation 4

Kanji in this term
四	十
よ Grade: 1	そ(じ) Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
四十路

(Tokyo) よそじ [yóꜜsòjì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[4]
(Tokyo) よそじ [yòsójí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[4]^[3]
(Tokyo) よそじ [yòsóꜜjì] (Nakadaka – [2])^[4]^[3]
IPA^(key): [jo̞so̞ʑi]

Numeral

四(よ)十(そじ) • (yosoji) ^{←よそぢ (yosodi)^?}

(literary) forty; 40
(literary) forty years; forty years old

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 “四十 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
四	十

Numeral

四十 • (sasip) (hangeul 사십)

hanja form^? of 사십 (“forty”)

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[NKD2-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 ^3.5 “四十 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[SMK7-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

四十

Contents

Chinese

Pronunciation

Numeral

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation 1

Numeral

Derived terms

Usage notes

Pronunciation 2

Numeral

Pronunciation 3

Numeral

Pronunciation 4

Numeral

References

Korean

Numeral