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Translingual
editHan character
edit倒 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人一土弓 (OMGN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻到)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 107, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 767
- Dae Jaweon: page 229, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 174, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5012
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
倒 |
---|
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 倒 |
---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
刀 | *taːw |
忉 | *taːw |
魛 | *taːw |
舠 | *taːw |
朷 | *taːw, *moːɡ |
叨 | *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw |
倒 | *taːwʔ, *taːws |
到 | *taːws |
菿 | *taːws, *rtaːwɢ |
鞀 | *deːw |
鳭 | *rteːw, *teːw |
灱 | *hreːw |
菬 | *sdew, *tjewʔ |
超 | *tʰew |
怊 | *tʰew, *tʰjew |
欩 | *tʰew |
召 | *dews, *djews |
昭 | *tjew |
招 | *tjew |
鉊 | *tjew |
沼 | *tjewʔ |
照 | *tjews |
詔 | *tjews |
炤 | *tjews |
弨 | *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ |
眧 | *tʰjewʔ |
韶 | *djew |
佋 | *djew, *djewʔ |
軺 | *djew, *lew |
玿 | *djew |
柖 | *djew |
紹 | *djewʔ |
袑 | *djewʔ |
綤 | *djewʔ |
邵 | *djews |
劭 | *djews |
卲 | *djews |
刁 | *teːw |
芀 | *teːw, *deːw |
貂 | *teːw |
蛁 | *teːw |
迢 | *deːw |
苕 | *deːw |
髫 | *deːw |
岧 | *deːw |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *taːwʔ, *taːws) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 到 (OC *taːws).
Pronunciation 1
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): dou2
- Gan (Wiktionary): dau3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): to / tó
- Jin (Wiktionary): dau2
- Eastern Min (BUC): dō̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
- Wade–Giles: tao3
- Yale: dǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
- Palladius: дао (dao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dou2
- Yale: dóu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dou2
- Guangdong Romanization: dou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: dau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: to / tó
- Hakka Romanization System: do / doˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: do4 / do3
- Sinological IPA: /to⁵⁵/, /to³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: dau2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tau⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dō̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /to³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó͘
- Tâi-lô: tóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: dor
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: táu
- Tâi-lô: táu
- Phofsit Daibuun: dao
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tau⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tau⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: do2 / dao2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tó / táu
- Sinological IPA (key): /to⁵²/, /tau⁵²/
Note:
- do2 - vernacular;
- dao2 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: tawX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤawʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taːwʔ/
Definitions
edit倒
- to fall; to fall over; to fall down
- to collapse; to fall in
- to lie down; to recline
- to fail; to be on the decline
- to be damaged; to malfunction
- to go bankrupt; to close down
- to sell out; to sell up; to give up for money
- to buy and resell for a profit
- to stop; to discontinue
- to move; to move around
- to change; to switch over
- (Cantonese) to pour out; to tip; to dump
- (dated Internet slang) to be astonished (hyperbolically to the extent that one fells down); to be left speechless
- (Southwestern Mandarin) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Synonyms
editVariety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 寢, 臥 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 躺, 臥, 躺臥 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 躺, 歪 |
Taiwan | 躺 | |
Singapore | 躺 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 躺 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 睡, 躺 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 躺, 睡 |
Wuhan | 睡 | |
Guilin | 躺 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 躺, 睡 |
Hefei | 睡, 躺 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 瞓 |
Hong Kong | 瞓 | |
Taishan | 眠 | |
Kaiping (Chikan) | 眠 | |
Yangjiang | 睡 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 瞓 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 睏 |
Hakka | Meixian | 眠, 抗 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 睡 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 眠 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 睡 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 睡 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 睡 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 躺, 睡 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 倒 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 倒 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 倒 |
Quanzhou | 倒 | |
Zhangzhou | 倒 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 倒 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 倒 | |
Chaozhou | 倒 | |
Shantou | 夗 | |
Jieyang | 夗 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 睏 |
Wenzhou | 翻, 倒 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 睏 |
Shuangfeng | 睏 |
Compounds
edit- 一次全倒
- 一筆抹倒/一笔抹倒 (yībǐmǒdǎo)
- 一面倒 (yīmiàndǎo)
- 丁倒
- 七歪八倒
- 七顛八倒/七颠八倒
- 不倒 (bùdǎo)
- 不倒口
- 不倒翁 (bùdǎowēng)
- 不支倒地
- 不知起倒
- 不知顛倒/不知颠倒
- 不識起倒/不识起倒
- 丟倒頭/丢倒头
- 二次全倒
- 令人絕倒/令人绝倒
- 估倒
- 倒下 (dǎoxià)
- 倒三顛四/倒三颠四
- 倒不開/倒不开
- 倒亂/倒乱
- 倒了柴
- 倒了架
- 倒了架子
- 倒伏
- 倒倉/倒仓
- 倒債/倒债
- 倒價/倒价
- 倒包
- 倒嗓
- 倒嗆/倒呛
- 倒嚼 (dǎojiào)
- 倒四顛三/倒四颠三
- 倒地 (dǎodì)
- 倒地葫蘆/倒地葫芦
- 倒坍 (dǎotān)
- 倒塌 (dǎotā)
- 倒字
- 倒宅計/倒宅计
- 倒寨計/倒寨计
- 倒山傾海/倒山倾海
- 倒帳/倒帐 (dǎozhàng)
- 倒店 (dǎodiàn)
- 倒心
- 倒心伏計/倒心伏计
- 倒扁兒/倒扁儿
- 倒手 (dǎoshǒu)
- 倒把 (dǎobǎ)
- 倒抹
- 倒換/倒换 (dàohuàn)
- 倒斃/倒毙 (dǎobì)
- 倒斷/倒断
- 倒旗鎗/倒旗枪
- 倒曹
- 倒替 (dǎotì)
- 倒會/倒会
- 倒板 (dǎobǎn)
- 倒枕捶床
- 倒枕搥床/倒枕捶床
- 倒架
- 倒楣 (dǎoméi)
- 倒楣相
- 倒楣透頂/倒楣透顶
- 倒海移山
- 倒海翻江
- 倒瀉/倒泻 (dǎoxiè)
- 倒灶 (dǎozào)
- 倒灶八字
- 倒煤
- 倒爺/倒爷 (dǎoyé)
- 倒牌
- 倒牙
- 倒班
- 倒篷
- 倒胃 (dǎowèi)
- 倒胃口 (dǎo wèikǒu)
- 倒臥/倒卧 (dǎowò)
- 倒臺/倒台 (dǎotái)
- 倒蛋
- 倒街臥巷/倒街卧巷
- 倒賣/倒卖 (dǎomài)
- 倒路死
- 倒身 (dǎoshēn)
- 倒車/倒车
- 倒運/倒运 (dǎoyùn)
- 倒閉/倒闭 (dǎobì)
- 倒閣/倒阁 (dǎogé)
- 倒霉 (dǎoméi)
- 倒頓/倒顿
- 倒頭/倒头 (dǎotóu)
- 倒頭就睡/倒头就睡
- 倒頭的/倒头的
- 倒頭經/倒头经
- 倒頭飯/倒头饭
- 倒馬/倒马
- 倒馬毒/倒马毒
- 倒騰/倒腾 (dǎoténg)
- 倒鳳顛鸞/倒凤颠鸾
- 做倒包
- 傾倒/倾倒
- 兩邊倒/两边倒
- 出倒
- 勢如山倒/势如山倒
- 卒倒
- 嚇人倒怪/吓人倒怪
- 回山倒海
- 壓倒/压倒 (yādǎo)
- 壓倒元白/压倒元白
- 壓倒性/压倒性
- 壓倒群雄/压倒群雄
- 夢魂顛倒/梦魂颠倒
- 失張倒怪/失张倒怪
- 官倒 (guāndǎo)
- 崩倒
- 弄倒
- 惡性倒閉/恶性倒闭
- 應聲而倒/应声而倒
- 打倒 (dǎdǎo)
- 扳不倒兒/扳不倒儿 (bānbùdǎor)
- 扳倒 (bāndǎo)
- 折倒
- 扯倒
- 扶東倒西/扶东倒西
- 投機倒把/投机倒把 (tóujī dǎobǎ)
- 拉倒 (lādǎo)
- 拜倒轅門/拜倒辕门
- 推倒 (tuīdǎo)
- 捺倒
- 排山倒峽/排山倒峡
- 排山倒海 (páishāndǎohǎi)
- 排牆倒/排墙倒
- 搗倒小廝/捣倒小厮
- 摔倒 (shuāidǎo)
- 撂倒 (liàodǎo)
- 撲倒/扑倒 (pūdǎo)
- 撳倒/揿倒
- 撥弗倒/拨弗倒
- 擊倒/击倒 (jīdǎo)
- 擂天倒地
- 放倒 (fàngdǎo)
- 放倒身
- 昏倒 (hūndǎo)
- 是非顛倒/是非颠倒 (shìfēidiāndǎo)
- 晨昏顛倒/晨昏颠倒
- 暈倒/晕倒 (yūndǎo)
- 本末顛倒/本末颠倒 (běnmòdiāndǎo)
- 東倒西歪/东倒西歪
- 東扶西倒/东扶西倒
- 東歪西倒/东歪西倒
- 東翻西倒/东翻西倒
- 椎床倒枕
- 樹倒根摧/树倒根摧
- 死心倒地
- 沒起倒/没起倒
- 沒顛沒倒/没颠没倒
- 潦倒
- 無顛無倒/无颠无倒
- 狗屁倒灶 (gǒupìdǎozào)
- 狗皮倒灶
- 玉倒
- 玉山傾倒/玉山倾倒
- 痴倒
- 癱倒/瘫倒
- 盆傾甕倒/盆倾瓮倒
- 矬倒
- 砍倒 (kǎndǎo)
- 神魂顛倒/神魂颠倒 (shénhúndiāndǎo)
- 移山倒海 (yíshāndǎohǎi)
- 窮愁潦倒/穷愁潦倒
- 窮途潦倒/穷途潦倒
- 絆倒/绊倒 (bàndǎo)
- 絕倒/绝倒 (juédǎo)
- 翻江倒海
- 翻箱倒櫃/翻箱倒柜 (fānxiāngdǎoguì)
- 翻箱倒篋/翻箱倒箧
- 翻箱倒籠/翻箱倒笼
- 自認倒楣/自认倒楣
- 西歪東倒/西歪东倒
- 解甲倒戈
- 語言顛倒/语言颠倒
- 講倒/讲倒
- 賣倒/卖倒
- 起倒
- 跌倒 (diēdǎo)
- 跪倒 (guìdǎo)
- 迷倒
- 迷離顛倒/迷离颠倒
- 酥倒
- 重倒
- 隨風倒/随风倒
- 隨風倒舵/随风倒舵
- 難不倒/难不倒
- 顛三倒四/颠三倒四 (diānsāndǎosì)
- 顛之倒之/颠之倒之
- 顛乾倒坤/颠干倒坤
- 顛來倒去/颠来倒去
- 顛倒/颠倒 (diāndǎo)
- 顛倒乾坤/颠倒干坤
- 顛倒是非/颠倒是非 (diāndǎoshìfēi)
- 顛倒而行/颠倒而行
- 顛倒衣裳/颠倒衣裳
- 顛倒錯亂/颠倒错乱
- 顛倒陰陽/颠倒阴阳
- 顛倒黑白/颠倒黑白 (diāndǎohēibái)
- 顛而倒之/颠而倒之
- 顛顛倒倒/颠颠倒倒
- 顛鸞倒鳳/颠鸾倒凤 (diānluándǎofèng)
- 駁倒/驳倒 (bódǎo)
- 騰倒/腾倒
- 驚倒/惊倒
- 黑字倒閉/黑字倒闭
- 黑白顛倒/黑白颠倒
- 龍鍾潦倒/龙钟潦倒
Pronunciation 2
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): dou3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): to / tó
- Eastern Min (BUC): dó̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dào
- Wade–Giles: tao4
- Yale: dàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daw
- Palladius: дао (dao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dou3
- Yale: dou
- Cantonese Pinyin: dou3
- Guangdong Romanization: dou3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tou̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: to / tó
- Hakka Romanization System: do / doˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: do4 / do3
- Sinological IPA: /to⁵⁵/, /to³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- tò/tò͘ - literary;
- tàu - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: tawH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤawʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taːws/
Definitions
edit倒
- to put upside down; to invert; to be inverted
- to reverse; to move backwards; to turn back
- upside down; inverted; flipped; reversed
- to pour out; to dump; to empty
- to cast; to mould
- contrary to expectation; conversely; on the contrary; instead
- particle indicating contrast; but; however
- particle used after a ‹verb + 得› structure to indicate it is contrary to the actual situation, implying blame; then
- particle used in a subordinate clause at the beginning of a sentence to indicate concession; quite
- particle used in an imperative sentence to indicate impatience
- particle used to soften the tone
- (Southern Min) left (direction)
Synonyms
editAntonyms
edit(antonym(s) of “left”): (Hokkien, Teochew) 正 (chiàⁿ, “right”)
Compounds
edit- 伯喈倒屣
- 倒下鉤子/倒下钩子
- 倒不如
- 倒不是
- 倒仰
- 倒像
- 倒八 (dàobā)
- 倒八字眉 (dàobāzìméi)
- 倒八字鬚/倒八字须
- 倒兵
- 倒冠落佩
- 倒刺 (dàocì)
- 倒前倒後/倒前倒后
- 倒包錢/倒包钱
- 倒反 (dàofǎn)
- 倒反帳/倒反帐
- 倒口
- 倒句
- 倒吊 (dàodiào)
- 倒吃甘蔗
- 倒啖蔗
- 倒坐
- 倒大
- 倒大來/倒大来
- 倒好
- 倒屣
- 倒屣奔出
- 倒屣相迎 (dàoxǐxiāngyíng)
- 倒屣而迎
- 倒屣迎之
- 倒屣迎賓/倒屣迎宾
- 倒履相迎
- 倒帶/倒带
- 倒座
- 倒廩傾囷/倒廪倾囷
- 倒彩 (dàocǎi)
- 倒影 (dàoyǐng)
- 倒懸/倒悬 (dàoxuán)
- 倒懸之危/倒悬之危 (dàoxuánzhīwēi)
- 倒懸之急/倒悬之急
- 倒懸之苦/倒悬之苦
- 倒懸捱命/倒悬捱命
- 倒戈
- 倒戈卸甲
- 倒打一耙 (dàodǎyīpá)
- 倒打鑼兒/倒打锣儿
- 倒扣
- 倒扣針兒/倒扣针儿
- 倒把鋤頭/倒把锄头
- 倒拔蛇
- 倒指
- 倒持干戈 (dàochí gāngē)
- 倒持泰阿
- 倒捽毛兒/倒捽毛儿
- 倒掛金鉤/倒挂金钩
- 倒插
- 倒插門/倒插门 (dàochāmén)
- 倒攝/倒摄
- 倒放 (dàofàng)
- 倒敘/倒叙 (dàoxù)
- 倒數/倒数
- 倒數計時/倒数计时
- 倒文
- 倒斛
- 倒日
- 倒是 (dàoshì)
- 倒映 (dàoyìng)
- 倒景
- 倒暈妝/倒晕妆
- 倒果為因/倒果为因 (dàoguǒwéiyīn)
- 倒栽蔥/倒栽葱 (dàozāicōng)
- 倒橫直豎/倒横直竖
- 倒水的
- 倒流 (dàoliú)
- 倒流刺
- 倒清尊
- 倒灌 (dàoguàn)
- 倒熟
- 倒熟話/倒熟话
- 倒片
- 倒立 (dàolì)
- 倒站驢子/倒站驴子
- 倒笏躬身
- 倒繃孩兒/倒绷孩儿
- 倒繳/倒缴
- 倒置 (dàozhì)
- 倒置干戈
- 倒置法 (dàozhìfǎ)
- 倒背剪
- 倒背如流 (dàobèirúliú)
- 倒脫靴/倒脱靴
- 倒舄摳衣/倒舄抠衣
- 倒茶 (dàochá)
- 倒行逆施 (dàoxíngnìshī)
- 倒裝/倒装 (dàozhuāng)
- 倒裝句/倒装句 (dàozhuāngjù)
- 倒裳
- 倒裳索領/倒裳索领
- 倒褪
- 倒許/倒许
- 倒豎/倒竖 (dàoshù)
- 倒豎虎鬚/倒竖虎须 (dàoshùhǔxū)
- 倒貼/倒贴 (dàotiē)
- 倒賠/倒赔 (dàopéi)
- 倒贓/倒赃
- 倒踏門/倒踏门
- 倒蹅門/倒蹅门
- 倒蹲兒/倒蹲儿
- 倒載干戈
- 倒轉/倒转
- 倒退 (dàotuì)
- 倒錯/倒错
- 倒錢/倒钱
- 倒陪
- 倒陪家門/倒陪家门
- 倒騎/倒骑
- 傾筐倒庋/倾筐倒庋
- 傾筐倒篋/倾筐倒箧
- 傾箱倒篋/倾箱倒箧
- 傾腸倒腹/倾肠倒腹
- 先後倒置/先后倒置
- 冠履倒易
- 冠履倒置
- 喝倒彩 (hèdàocǎi)
- 喝倒采 (hèdàocǎi)
- 回黃倒皂/回黄倒皂
- 太阿倒持 (Tài'ē dàochí)
- 幫倒忙/帮倒忙 (bāng dào máng)
- 打倒褪
- 本末倒置 (běnmòdàozhì)
- 柳眉倒豎/柳眉倒竖
- 橫拖倒拽/横拖倒拽
- 毛髮倒豎/毛发倒竖
- 沒倒斷/没倒断
- 沒張倒置/没张倒置
- 泰阿倒持
- 海水倒灌
- 無倒斷/无倒断
- 腳踏倒鹽/脚踏倒盐
- 蔡邕倒屣
- 解民倒懸/解民倒悬
- 言顛語倒/言颠语倒
- 賢奸倒置
- 輕重倒置/轻重倒置
- 迴清倒影/回清倒影
- 逆行倒施
- 銀河倒瀉/银河倒泻
- 開倒車/开倒车 (kāidàochē)
References
edit- “倒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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