保護

Chinese

		to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard	protect
trad. (保護)		保	護
simp. (保护)		保	护

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bǎohù

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бохў (bohw, II-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² wu⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pó-fu

(Meixian, Guangdong): bau³ fu⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): bō̤-hô
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bor³ hou⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pó-hō͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): bo² hu⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵pau-wu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎohù
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎohù
  - Wade–Giles: pao³-hu⁴
  - Yale: bǎu-hù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baohuh
  - Palladius: баоху (baoxu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бохў (bohw, II-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔ⁵¹ xu⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bou² wu⁶
  - Yale: bóu wuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bou² wu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: bou² wu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ wuː²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-fu
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˋ fu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /po³¹ fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bau³ fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pau³¹ fu⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bō̤-hô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(h-)ou²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor³ hou⁵ [Phonetic: bor² ou⁵]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ ^(h-)ɔu²¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor³ hou⁵ [Phonetic: bor² ou⁵]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ³³²⁻¹³ ^(h-)ɔu²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: pó-hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poy'ho
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Singapore): /po⁴²⁻²⁴ hɔ²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bo² hu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pó hŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁵²⁻³⁵ hu³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵pau-wu
  - MiniDict: pau^去 wu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pau-hhu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pɔ³³ ɦu⁴⁴/

Verb

保護

(transitive) to protect; to safeguard; to conserve; to preserve
保護環境／保护环境 ― bǎohù huánjìng ― to protect the environment

保護文物／保护文物 ― bǎohù wénwù ― to protect cultural objects

保護措施／保护措施 ― bǎohù cuòshī ― protective measures; conservation measures; safeguards

保護程序／保护程序 ― bǎohù chéngxù ― conservation process

保護棚罩／保护棚罩 ― bǎohù péngzhào ― protective shelter

保護單位／保护单位 ― bǎohù dānwèi ― officially protected site; officially protected entity

保護文化遺產／保护文化遗产 ― bǎohù wénhuà yíchǎn ― to protect cultural heritage

保護案發現場／保护案发现场 ― bǎohù ànfā xiànchǎng ― to preserve the crime scene

注重保護森林／注重保护森林 ― zhùzhòng bǎohù sēnlín ― to attach importance to forest conservation

Synonyms

edit

保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
保庇 (Hokkien)
保障 (bǎozhàng)
堅持／坚持 (jiānchí)
掩護／掩护 (yǎnhù)
維持／维持 (wéichí)
維護／维护 (wéihù)
蔽護／蔽护 (bìhù) (literary)
護／护 (hù) (literary, or in compounds)

Antonyms

(archaic) 決裂／决裂 (juéliè)
破壞／破坏 (pòhuài)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (保護):

→ Japanese: 保護(ほご) (hogo)
→ Korean: 보호(保護) (boho)
→ Vietnamese: bảo hộ (保護)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保	護
ほ Grade: 5	ご Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほご [hóꜜgò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ho̞ɡo̞]

Noun

保(ほ)護(ご) • (hogo)

protection; safeguard

Verb

保(ほ)護(ご)する • (hogo suru) transitive suru (stem 保(ほ)護(ご)し (hogo shi), past 保(ほ)護(ご)した (hogo shita))

to shield (to protect, to defend)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保護する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	保護し	ほごし	hogo shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	保護し	ほごし	hogo shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	保護する	ほごする	hogo suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	保護する	ほごする	hogo suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	保護すれ	ほごすれ	hogo sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	保護せよ¹ 保護しろ²	ほごせよ¹ ほごしろ²	hogo seyo¹ hogo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	保護される	ほごされる	hogo sareru
Causative	保護させる保護さす	ほごさせるほごさす	hogo saseru hogo sasu
Potential	保護できる	ほごできる	hogo dekiru
Volitional	保護しよう	ほごしよう	hogo shiyō
Negative	保護しない	ほごしない	hogo shinai
Negative continuative	保護せず	ほごせず	hogo sezu
Formal	保護します	ほごします	hogo shimasu
Perfective	保護した	ほごした	hogo shita
Conjunctive	保護して	ほごして	hogo shite
Hypothetical conditional	保護すれば	ほごすれば	hogo sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Derived terms

保(ほ)護(ご)者(しゃ) (hogosha, “a guardian, protector, watcher”)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
保	護

Noun

保護 • (boho) (hangeul 보호)

hanja form^? of 보호 (“protection”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
保	護

Verb

保護

chữ Hán form of bảo hộ (“to protect”).

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

保護

Contents

Chinese

Pronunciation

Verb

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Verb