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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
Particularly: “Teochew”
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Note:
- bái - vernacular;
- bóe - literary.
| Rime
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| Character
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䆀
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䆀
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䆀
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| Reading #
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1/3
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2/3
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3/3
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| Initial (聲)
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明 (4)
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明 (4)
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明 (4)
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| Final (韻)
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咍 (41)
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灰 (42)
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咍 (41)
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| Tone (調)
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Rising (X)
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Departing (H)
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Departing (H)
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| Openness (開合)
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Open
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Closed
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Open
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| Division (等)
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I
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I
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I
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| Fanqie
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莫亥切
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莫佩切
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莫代切
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| Baxter
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mojX
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mwojH
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mojH
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| Reconstructions
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Zhengzhang
Shangfang
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/mʌiX/
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/muʌiH/
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/mʌiH/
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Pan
Wuyun
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/məiX/
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/muoiH/
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/məiH/
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Shao
Rongfen
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/mɒiX/
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/muɒiH/
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/mɒiH/
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Edwin
Pulleyblank
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/məjX/
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/mwəjH/
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/məjH/
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Li
Rong
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/mᴀiX/
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/muᴀiH/
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/mᴀiH/
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Wang
Li
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/mɒiX/
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/muɒiH/
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/mɒiH/
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Bernhard
Karlgren
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/mɑ̆iX/
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/muɑ̆iH/
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/mɑ̆iH/
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Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
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mǎi
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mèi
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mài
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Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
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moi5
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mui6
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moi6
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䆀
- † to corrupt; to ruin
- † dark spots on crops after getting wet in the rain
- † black
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) bad; not good; disappointing; of poor quality
- 心情䆀 [Hokkien] ― sim-chêng bái [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, euphemistic) to die (usually of children; also of adults in Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien, of fire) slow; small
- (Hokkien, Teochew) ugly
- (Zhao'an Hokkien) difficult; hard (to do something)
Dialectal synonyms of
壞 (“bad; not good”)
[map]
| Variety
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Location
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Words
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| Classical Chinese
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惡
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| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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壞
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| Northeastern Mandarin
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Beijing
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壞, 賴
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| Taiwan
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壞
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| Malaysia
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壞
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| Singapore
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壞
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| Jilu Mandarin
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Jinan
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壞, 孬, 賴
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| Central Plains Mandarin
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Xi'an
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瞎, 壞
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| Southwestern Mandarin
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Chengdu
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壞
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| Wuhan
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壞, 拐
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| Jianghuai Mandarin
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Yangzhou
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壞
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| Hefei
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壞
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| Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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壞, 弊, 衰
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| Hong Kong
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壞, 衰
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| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
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衰
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| Yangjiang
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壞
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| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
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衰
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| Singapore (Guangfu)
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衰
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| Gan
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Nanchang
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壞
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| Hakka
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Meixian
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壞
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| Wuhua (Meilin)
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衰
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| Jin
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Taiyuan
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賴, 壞
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| Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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壞, 獰
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| Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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呆, 否
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| Southern Min
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Xiamen
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歹, 䆀
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| Xiamen (Tong'an)
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歹
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| Quanzhou
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歹
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| Jinjiang
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歹
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| Nan'an
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歹
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| Shishi
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歹
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| Zhangzhou
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䆀
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| Zhao'an
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䆀, 孬
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| Tainan
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歹
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| Penang (Hokkien)
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䆀, 歹
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| Singapore (Hokkien)
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歹
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| Manila (Hokkien)
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歹
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| Datian
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歹
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| Chaozhou
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孬
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| Shantou
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孬
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| Jieyang
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孬, 歹
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| Puning
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孬
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| Singapore (Teochew)
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歹, 孬
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| Leizhou
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㾀
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| Wenchang
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㾀
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| Haikou
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㾀
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| Singapore (Hainanese)
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㾀
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| Wu
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Shanghai
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壞, 恘
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| Suzhou
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壞, 恘
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| Ningbo
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歪, 推扳, 嘸做
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| Wenzhou
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毛
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| Xiang
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Changsha
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壞, 拐
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| Shuangfeng
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壞, 拐
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Dialectal synonyms of
難 (“difficult”)
[map]
| Variety
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Location
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Words
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| Classical Chinese
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難, 困難, 艱難
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| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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難, 困難, 艱難
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| Northeastern Mandarin
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Beijing
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難
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| Taiwan
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難
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| Singapore
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難
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| Jilu Mandarin
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Jinan
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難
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| Central Plains Mandarin
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Xi'an
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難
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| Southwestern Mandarin
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Chengdu
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難
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| Wuhan
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難
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| Guilin
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難
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| Jianghuai Mandarin
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Yangzhou
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難
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| Hefei
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難
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| Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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難, 惡 †
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| Hong Kong
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難, 惡 †
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| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
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難
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| Taishan
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難, 惡 †
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| Yangjiang
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難, 惡 †
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| Singapore (Guangfu)
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難
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| Gan
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Nanchang
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難
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| Hakka
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Meixian
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難
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| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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難
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| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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難
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| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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難
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| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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難
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| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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難
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| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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難
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| Jin
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Taiyuan
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難
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| Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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難
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| Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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艱難, 難
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| Southern Min
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Xiamen
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惡, 艱苦, 歹 †
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| Quanzhou
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惡
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| Jinjiang
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難
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| Zhangzhou
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惡
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| Zhao'an
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惡, 䆀 †
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| Dongshan
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惡
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| Taipei
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惡
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| New Taipei (Sanxia)
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惡
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| Kaohsiung
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惡
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| Yilan
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惡
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| Changhua (Lukang)
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惡
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| Taichung
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惡
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| Tainan
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惡, 歹 †
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| Hsinchu
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惡
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| Kinmen
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惡
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| Penghu (Magong)
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惡
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| Penang (Hokkien)
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艱苦, 歹 †
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| Singapore (Hokkien)
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惡, 艱苦, 歹 †
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| Manila (Hokkien)
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艱苦, 惡, 歹 †
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| Chaozhou
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惡
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| Shantou
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難, 惡
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| Shantou (Chenghai)
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惡
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| Jieyang
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惡, 艱苦
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| Haifeng
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惡
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| Singapore (Teochew)
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惡, 歹 †
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| Wenchang
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惡
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| Haikou
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惡
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| Singapore (Hainanese)
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惡
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| Wu
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Suzhou
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難
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| Wenzhou
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難
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| Xiang
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Changsha
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難
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| Shuangfeng
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難
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| Note
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† - only used with a verbal complement
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Dialectal synonyms of
醜 (“ugly”)
[map]
| Variety
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Location
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Words
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| Classical Chinese
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醜, 媸
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| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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醜陋
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| Northeastern Mandarin
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Beijing
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難看, 寒磣, 磣
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| Taiwan
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難看, 醜
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| Singapore
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難看, 醜
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| Jilu Mandarin
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Jinan
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難看, 醜
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| Central Plains Mandarin
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Xi'an
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難看, 醜, 不心疼
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| Southwestern Mandarin
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Chengdu
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難看, 醜
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| Wuhan
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醜, 不好看
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| Jianghuai Mandarin
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Yangzhou
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難看, 醜
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| Hefei
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難看, 醜, 相壞
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| Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
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| Hong Kong
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難睇, 醜, 醜怪, 樣衰, 醜樣, 肉酸, 核突
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| Dongguan
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難睞
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| Yangjiang
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惡看, 醜鬼
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| Gan
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Nanchang
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不客氣, 難看
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| Hakka
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Meixian
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難看, 難睞, 醜, 像鬼
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| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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媸, 醜
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| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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媸, 醜
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| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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媸, 醜
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| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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媸, 醜
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| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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媸, 醜
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| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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䆀
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| Jin
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Taiyuan
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難看, 醜
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| Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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驚人, 毛格式, 生得呆
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| Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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驚儂, 驚, 伓好看, 生得呆
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| Southern Min
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Xiamen
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歹看, 㾀勢
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| Quanzhou
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兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
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| Jinjiang
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兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
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| Zhangzhou
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䆀看, 㾀勢
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| Taipei
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歹看, 䆀, 䆀材, 㾀, 䆀猴, 㾀勢
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| Kaohsiung
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歹看
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| Singapore (Hokkien)
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歹看, 䆀
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| Manila (Hokkien)
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兇, 歹看, 㾀勢
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| Chaozhou
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孬睇, 野樣, 䆀
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| Shantou
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野樣
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| Jieyang
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野樣
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| Singapore (Teochew)
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歹睇
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| Wu
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Shanghai
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難看, 怕
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| Shanghai (Songjiang)
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怕
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| Shanghai (Jiading)
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怕
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| Suzhou
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難看, 怕
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| Kunshan
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難看
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| Jiaxing
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難看
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| Hangzhou
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難看
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| Ningbo
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難看
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| Wenzhou
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難覷, 否好覷, 醜
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| Xiang
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Changsha
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醜, 不好看, 不打彩
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| Shuangfeng
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醜, 不好看
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