خنزير

Arabic

Etymology

An old borrowing of Aramaic חֲזִירָא (ḥăzīrā) / ܚܙܺܝܪܳܐ (ḥəzīrā), akin to Hebrew חֲזִיר (ḥăzīr) and Ugaritic 𐎃𐎐𐎇𐎗 (ḫnzr), and Akkadian 𒄷𒍣𒊏 (ḫuzīru) is a rare borrowing particular to Old Assyrian.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xin.ziːr/
- (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /χənˈziːr/
Audio: (file)

Noun

خِنْزِير • (ḵinzīr) m (plural خَنَازِير (ḵanāzīr), feminine خِنْزِيرَة (ḵinzīra))

pig, swine, hog
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:3:
  حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْمَيْتَةُ وَٱلدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ ٱلْخِنزِيرِ […]
  ḥurrimat ʕalay-kumu l-maytatu wa-d-damu wa-laḥmu l-ḵinzīri […]
  Forbidden to you are carrion, blood, and pork  […]
(derogatory) pig, despicable, disgusting person
(derogatory) porky, pig, state henchman
- 2000, ar:فاضل العزاوي, القلعة الخامسة, Cologne: منشورات الجمل, page 86:
  وفي الليالي إذ كنا نجوع كان حسين يتسلل الى غرفتهم بخفة القط ويسرق مختلف الأطعمة الشهية. معلبات وحليب وجبنة وفواكه كنا نوزعها على فقراء المعتقل الآخرين، قائلين:
  ―كلوا، إنها من غرفة الخنازير.
  In nights when we were hungry Hussayn sneaked into their room in cat’s stealth and stole diverse desirable foodstuff. Canned food and milk and cheese and fruits we shared amongst the other poor inmates, saying:
  Eat, it’s from the pig’s room.

Declension

Declension of noun خِنْزِير (ḵinzīr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خِنْزِير ḵinzīr	الْخِنْزِير al-ḵinzīr	خِنْزِير ḵinzīr
Nominative	خِنْزِيرٌ ḵinzīrun	الْخِنْزِيرُ al-ḵinzīru	خِنْزِيرُ ḵinzīru
Accusative	خِنْزِيرًا ḵinzīran	الْخِنْزِيرَ al-ḵinzīra	خِنْزِيرَ ḵinzīra
Genitive	خِنْزِيرٍ ḵinzīrin	الْخِنْزِيرِ al-ḵinzīri	خِنْزِيرِ ḵinzīri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خِنْزِيرَيْن ḵinzīrayn	الْخِنْزِيرَيْن al-ḵinzīrayn	خِنْزِيرَيْ ḵinzīray
Nominative	خِنْزِيرَانِ ḵinzīrāni	الْخِنْزِيرَانِ al-ḵinzīrāni	خِنْزِيرَا ḵinzīrā
Accusative	خِنْزِيرَيْنِ ḵinzīrayni	الْخِنْزِيرَيْنِ al-ḵinzīrayni	خِنْزِيرَيْ ḵinzīray
Genitive	خِنْزِيرَيْنِ ḵinzīrayni	الْخِنْزِيرَيْنِ al-ḵinzīrayni	خِنْزِيرَيْ ḵinzīray
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خَنَازِير ḵanāzīr	الْخَنَازِير al-ḵanāzīr	خَنَازِير ḵanāzīr
Nominative	خَنَازِيرُ ḵanāzīru	الْخَنَازِيرُ al-ḵanāzīru	خَنَازِيرُ ḵanāzīru
Accusative	خَنَازِيرَ ḵanāzīra	الْخَنَازِيرَ al-ḵanāzīra	خَنَازِيرَ ḵanāzīra
Genitive	خَنَازِيرَ ḵanāzīra	الْخَنَازِيرِ al-ḵanāzīri	خَنَازِيرِ ḵanāzīri

Derived terms

خَنَازِيرِيّ (ḵanāzīriyy, “scrofulous”)
خِنْزِير بَرِّيّ (ḵinzīr barriyy, “boar”)
بَصَل الْخِنْزِير (baṣal al-ḵinzīr, “sea onion”)
عُشْبَة الْخِنْزِير (ʕušba al-ḵinzīr, “hogweed”)

Descendants

Maltese: ħanżir
Moroccan Arabic: خنزير (ḵanzīr)
→ Ge'ez: ኀንዚር (ḫänzir), ሕንዚር (ḥənzir), ሐንዚር (ḥänzir), ሐንዘር (ḥänzär)
→ Hausa: alhanzir (“warthog”)
→ Mehri: ḫənzir
→ Malay: khinzir
→ Shehri: ḫanzír
→ Sicilian: canzirru
→ Swahili: hanziri
→ Ottoman Turkish: خنزیر (hınzır)
- Turkish: hınzır
- → Georgian: ხინძირი (xinʒiri) — Chveneburi
- → Laz: ხინძირი (xinżiri, “piggishness, filthiness”)
- → Mingrelian: ხინძირი (xinʒiri, “filthy, dirty”)

References

Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 110–111
Guidi, Ignazio (1879) Della sede primitiva dei popoli semitici (in Italian), Rome: Tipi del Salviucci, page 24
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 126
Landsberger, Benno (1934) Die Fauna des alten Mesopotamien nach der 14. Tafel der Serie ḪAR-RA = ḫubullu (Abhandlungen der philologisch-historischen Klasse der sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften; XLII. Nr. VI)‎^[1] (in German), Leipzig: Salomon Hirzel, page 101
Militarev, Alexander, Kogan, Leonid (2005) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume II: Animal Names, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 149–152 Nr. 111
Růžička, Rudolf (1909) “Konsonantische Dissimilation in den semitischen Sprachen”, in Beiträge zur Assyriologie und semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎^[2] (in German), volume VI, number 4, Leipzig · Baltimore: J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung · The Johns Hopkins Press, page 183
Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 50

Malay

Etymology

From Arabic خِنْزِير (ḵinzīr).

Pronunciation

(Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /xinze(r)/
(Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /xinzɪ(r)/
Rhymes: -ze(r), -e(r)

Noun

خنزير (plural خنزير-خنزير or خنزير۲, informal 1st possessive خنزيرکو, 2nd possessive خنزيرمو, 3rd possessive خنزيرڽ)

Jawi spelling of khinzir‎
Synonym: بابي (babi)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic خِنْزِير (ḵinzīr).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xan.ziːr/

Noun

خنزير • (ḵanzīr) m (plural خنازر (ḵnāzir), feminine خنزيرة (ḵanzīra))

pig
Synonym: حلوف (ḥallūf)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic خِنْزِير (ḵinzīr).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xan.ziːr/, [xanˈziːr]
Audio (Ramallah): (file)

Noun

خنزير • (ḵanzīr) m (plural خنازير (ḵanāzīr))

pig
خنزير بري ― ḵanzīr barri ― boar