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Wiktionary

أنا

See also: آنا and انا

Arabic

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʔa.na/
  • IPA(key): /ʔa.naː/ (in pausa)
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Semitic *ʔanāku, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ˀanāku, hence also Proto-Berber *ənăkkʷ (Kabyle nekk) and Egyptian jnk (Coptic ⲁⲛⲟⲕ (anok)).

Cognate with Hebrew אני (aní).

Pronoun

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أَنَا • (ʔana, ʔanā) m or f (enclitic form ـِيَ (-iya) or ـِي (-ī) or ـنِي (-nī) or ـنِيَ (-niya))

  1. I (first person singular subject pronoun)
Usage notes
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أَنَا (ʔanā) has four enclitic forms which are employed in different contexts and are generally not interchangeable. The enclitic forms ـنِي (-nī) and ـنِيَ (-niya) are attached to verbs, prepositions ending in نْ (n) with no final vowel (e.g., مِنْ (min) and عَنْ (ʕan)), and the sisters of إِنَّ (ʔinna) except لَعَلَّ (laʕalla). The forms ـِي (-ī) and ـيَ (-ya) are used elsewhere, but in cases where ـِي (-ī) would be preceded by a long vowel, only ـيَ (-ya) is used.

  1. سَاعِدْنِي ― sāʕidnī ― help me
  2. كِتَابِي ― kitābī ― my book
  3. عَلَيَّ ― ʕalayya ― on me
Descendants
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  • Egyptian Arabic: أنا (ʔana)
  • Gulf Arabic: آنا (āna)
  • Maltese: jien, jiena
  • Moroccan Arabic: آنا (ʔāna), أنا (ʔana)
  • South Levantine Arabic: أنا (ʔana)
  • Tunisian Arabic: آنا (ʔāna)
See also
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Arabic personal pronouns
Isolated nominative1 pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person أَنَا (ʔanā) نَحْنُ (naḥnu)
2nd person m أَنْتَ (ʔanta) أَنْتُمَا (ʔantumā) أَنْتُمْ (ʔantum)
f أَنْتِ (ʔanti) أَنْتُنَّ (ʔantunna)
3rd person m هُوَ (huwa) هُمَا (humā) هُمْ (hum), هُمُ (humu)2
f هِيَ (hiya) هُنَّ (hunna)
Isolated accusative pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person إِيَّايَ (ʔiyyāya) إِيَّانَا (ʔiyyānā)
2nd person m إِيَّاكَ (ʔiyyāka) إِيَّاكُمَا (ʔiyyākumā) إِيَّاكُم (ʔiyyākum)
f إِيَّاكِ (ʔiyyāki) إِيَّاكُنَّ (ʔiyyākunna)
3rd person m إِيَّاهُ (ʔiyyāhu) إِيَّاهُمَا (ʔiyyāhumā) إِيَّاهُمْ (ʔiyyāhum)
f إِيَّاهَا (ʔiyyāhā) إِيَّاهُنَّ (ʔiyyāhunna)
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person ـنِي (-nī), ـنِيَ (-niya), ـي (-y), ـيَ (-ya)3 ـنَا (-nā)
2nd person m ـكَ (-ka) ـكُمَا (-kumā) ـكُم (-kum)
f ـكِ (-ki) ـكُنَّ (-kunna)
3rd person m ـهُ (-hu), ـهِ (-hi)4 ـهُمَا (-humā), ـهِمَا (-himā)3 ـهُم (-hum), ـهِم (-him)4
f ـهَا (-hā) ـهُنَّ (-hunna), ـهِنَّ (-hinna)3
1. Also used to emphasize attached pronouns and as a copula.
2. هُمْ (hum) becomes هُمُ (humu) before the definite article الـ (al--).
3. Specifically, ـنِي (-nī, “me”) is attached to verbs, but ـِي (-ī) or ـيَ (-ya, “my”) is attached to nouns. In the latter case, ـيَ (-ya) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a long vowel or diphthong (e.g. in the sound masculine plural and the dual), while ـِي (-ī) is attached to nouns whose construct state ends in a short vowel, in which case that vowel is elided (e.g. in the sound feminine plural, as well as the singular and broken plural of most nouns). Furthermore, -ū of the masculine sound plural is assimilated to -ī before ـيَ (-ya) (presumably, -aw of masculine defective -an plurals is similarly assimilated to -ay). Prepositions use ـِي (-ī) or ـيَ (-ya), even though in this case it has the meaning of “me” rather than “my”. The sisters of inna can use either form (e.g. إِنَّنِي (ʔinnanī) or إِنِّي (ʔinnī)).
4. ـهِـ (-hi-) occurs after -i, -ī, or -ay, and ـهُـ (-hu-) elsewhere (after -a, -ā, -u, -ū, -aw).

Etymology 2

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From أَنَا (ʔanā, “I”), semantic loan from German Ich, possibly through ego.

Noun

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أَنَا • (ʔanā) f or m

  1. (psychology) ego
Declension
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Declension of noun أَنَا (ʔanā)
Singular singular invariable
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَنَا
ʔanā 		الْأَنَا
al-ʔanā 		أَنَا
ʔanā
Nominative أَنَا
ʔanā 		الْأَنَا
al-ʔanā 		أَنَا
ʔanā
Accusative أَنَا
ʔanā 		الْأَنَا
al-ʔanā 		أَنَا
ʔanā
Genitive أَنَا
ʔanā 		الْأَنَا
al-ʔanā 		أَنَا
ʔanā

References

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  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “أنا”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Chadian Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā).

Pronoun

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أنا • (ʔana) m or f

  1. I

Egyptian Arabic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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أنا • (ʔana) m or f

  1. I

See also

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Egyptian Arabic personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person أنا (ʔana) إحنا (ʔiḥna)
2nd person m إنت (ʔinta) إنتوا (ʔintu)
f إنتي (ʔinti)
3rd person m هو (huwwa) هم (humma, hum)
f هي (hiyya)

Hijazi Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā).

Pronunciation

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  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Pronoun

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أنا • (ʔana) m or f

  1. I (first person singular subject pronoun)

See also

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Hijazi Arabic personal pronouns
Singular Plural
1st person أَنَا (ʔana) إِحْنَا (ʔiḥna) / نِحْنَ (niḥna)
2nd person m إِنْتَ (ʔinta) إِنْتُو (ʔintu)
f إِنْتِ (ʔinti) / إِنْتِي (ʔinti)
3rd person m هُوَّ (huwwa) هُمَّ (humma)
f هِيَّ (hiyya)

Moroccan Arabic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā).

Pronoun

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أنا • (ʔana) m or f

  1. Alternative form of آنا (ʔāna): I (first person singular subject pronoun)
See also
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Moroccan Arabic personal pronouns
Singular Plural
1st person آنا (ʔāna), أنا (ʔana) حنا (ḥnā)
2nd person m انت (ntā), انتينا (ntīna), انتين (ntīn) انتوما (ntūma), انتوم (ntūm)
f انت (ntī), انتينا (ntīna), انتين (ntīn)
3rd person m هو (huwwa) هوما (hūma), هوم (hūm)
f هي (hiyya)

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

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أنا • (ʔana)

  1. (interrogative) which?

North Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā).

Pronoun

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أنا • (ʾana) m or f

  1. I (first person singular subject pronoun)
    Enclitic forms: ـي (-i/-y), ـني (-ni)

See also

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North Levantine Arabic personal pronouns
Singular Plural
1st person أنا (ʔana) نحنا (niḥna)
2nd person m انت (ʔinta, ʔinte) انتو (ʔintu)
f انتي (ʔinti)
3rd person m هو (huwwe) هن (hinne) / هنن (hinnen)
f هي (hiyye)

South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʔa.na/, [ˈʔa.na]
  • Audio (Jerusalem):(file)

Pronoun

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أنا • (ʔana) m or f (enclitic form ـي (-i) or ـني (-ni))

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

See also

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South Levantine Arabic personal pronouns
Singular Plural
1st person أنا (ʔana) احنا (ʔiḥna)
2nd person m انت (ʔinta) انتو (ʔintu)
f انتي (ʔinti)
3rd person m هو (huwwe) هم (homme)
f هي (hiyye)
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