薪

薪	U+85AA, 薪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-85AA

Translingual

Han character

薪 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 17 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 16 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿卜木中 (TYDL), four-corner 4492₁, composition ⿱艹新)

Derived characters

𬅋

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1062, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32149
Dae Jaweon: page 1526, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3306, character 3
Unihan data for U+85AA

Chinese

trad.		薪
simp. ^#		薪

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (辛) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
親	sʰin, sʰins
寴	sʰin, sʰins
儭	sʰins, sʰrins
瀙	sʰins, ʔsrin, *sʰrins
辛	*siŋ
新	*siŋ
薪	*siŋ
襯	*sʰrins
櫬	*sʰrins
嚫	*t͡sʰrinh
莘	*sriŋ
騂	*seŋ
垶	*seŋ
觪	*seŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *siŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 新 (OC *siŋ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ ~ sik (“wood”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤིང (shing, “tree, wood”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, “log, timber, wood”). Compare its phonetic component 新 (OC *siŋ, “new”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, “new”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xīn (xin¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sîn
Eastern Min (BUC): sĭng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sin

(Teochew, Peng'im): zing¹ / sing¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sin
  - Wade–Giles: hsin¹
  - Yale: syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shin
  - Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: san¹
  - Yale: sān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sîn
  - Hakka Romanization System: xin^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xin¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sin²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin
  - Tâi-lô: sin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: syn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sin⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zing¹ / sing¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsing / sing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ³³/, /siŋ³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹shin
  - MiniDict: shin^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕin⁵³/

Middle Chinese: sin

Rime
Character	薪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息鄰切
Baxter	sin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/sin/
Shao Rongfen	/sjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sin/
Li Rong	/siĕn/
Wang Li	/sĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]i[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*siŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	薪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ sin ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]i[n]/
English	firewood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	薪
Reading #	1/1
No.	13812
Phonetic component	辛
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	新
Old Chinese	/*siŋ/

Definitions

薪

firewood; fuelwood; brushwood
釜底抽薪 ― fǔdǐchōuxīn ― to extract the firewood from under the cauldron; to take drastic measures to deal with a situation [idiom]
salary; wage
月薪 ― yuèxīn ― monthly salary

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

薪

(Jōyō kanji)

firewood; kindling

Readings

On (unclassified): しん (shin, Jōyō)
Kun: たきぎ (takigi, 薪, Jōyō)、まき (maki, 薪)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
薪
たきぎ Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 薪 – see the following entry.

【たきぎ】

[noun] kindling; firewood

Alternative spelling
焚き木

(This term, 薪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
薪
まき Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 薪 – see the following entry.

【まき】	[noun] firewood

(This term, 薪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

薪 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

薪: Hán Việt readings: tân^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
薪: Nôm readings: tân^[1]

chữ Hán form of tân (“firewood, grass, a salary or bonus”).

References

[gdhn-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Trần (2004).

[tvctdhv-2] Trần (1999).

[hvttd-3] Nguyễn (1974).

[tchvtd-4] Thiều Chửu (1942).

[1]

[2]

[3]

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