The Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between China and the DPRK[1][2][3] is a friendship and security treaty between North Korea and China. The treaty was signed on 11 July 1961 in Beijing by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai and North Korean Premier Kim Il Sung.
 Kim Il Sung and Zhou Enlai at the signing ceremony | |
| Type | Treaty of friendship Defense pact |
|---|---|
| Signed | 11 July 1961 |
| Location | Beijing, China |
| Signatories |
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| Parties | |
| Languages | |
| Full text | |
 zh:中朝友好合作互助条约 at Wikisource | |
| Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between China and the DPRK | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中朝友好合作互助条约 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中朝友好合作互助條約 | ||||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||||
| Hangul | 조중우호, 협조 및 호상원조에 관한 조약 | ||||||||||
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The treaty is currently the only defense treaty China has with any nation,[4] while North Korea has a similar treaty with Russia.[5]
History
editAfter the 1961 May 16 coup, the new South Korean leader Park Chung Hee urged for an increase in military spending and for action to be taken against North Korea. The North Korean leadership feared a South Korean invasion and turned to the Soviet Union and China for support.[6][7]
Kim Il Sung arrived in Beijing in 1961 to sign the treaty just a few days after signing the North Korean-Soviet Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treaty (朝苏友好合作互助条约).[8] However, the Soviet treaty has not entered into force since the 1990s, and only a revised "consultation" treaty was re-ratified in 1999.[9] The treaty was signed by North Korean Premier Kim Il Sung and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai on 11 July 1961 in Beijing,[8] The treaty came into effect on 10 September 1961.[10][11]
Content
editThe treaty generally promoted peaceful cooperation in the areas of culture, economics, technology and other social benefits between the two nations.[8] Specifically, Article 2 of the treaty declares the two nations undertake all necessary measures to oppose any country or coalition of countries that might attack either nation.[9]
In accordance with Article 7, the Treaty remains in force unless an agreement is reached on its amendment or termination.[12]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "China-DPRK Relations > Introduction". Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
- ^ "CCTV International". www.cctv.com. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
- ^ "Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang to Visit the DPRK as Head of the Chinese Delegation". Consulate-General of the People's Republic of China in Toronto. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
- ^ "China-N. Korea defense treaty". koreatimes. 26 July 2016. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2019.
- ^ "Russia and North Korea sign partnership deal that appears to be the strongest since the Cold War". AP News. 19 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ 北朝鮮と軍事同盟50年を祝う中国を侮るな. MSN産経ニュース (in Japanese). 18 July 2011. Archived from the original on 18 July 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013. Alternative source: [1] Archived 12 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 7月11日「中朝友好条約60周年」 記念行事で中朝緊密を強調か. KoreaWorldTimes (in Japanese). 9 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
- ^ a b c 鴨綠江水靜流淌：中朝60年紀事 [The Yalu River flows quietly: the 60th anniversary of China and North Korea]. Ifeng. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ a b Harrison, Selig S. [2003] (2003). Korean endgame: a strategy for reunification and U.S. disengagement. p 322.
- ^ 1961年7月11日 《中朝友好合作互助條約》在北京簽訂. Cpc.people.com.cn. Archived from the original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ 中朝兩國關係發展的新契機. CCTV News. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
- ^ "Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin's Regular Press Conference on July 7, 2021". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.