Wittenberg Concord: Difference between revisions

'''Wittenberg Concord''', is a religious [[concordat]] signed by [[Reformed churches|Reformed]] and [[Lutheranism|Evangelical Lutheran]] theologians and churchmen on 29 May 1536<ref>{{citation|last=Raitt|first=Jill|date=June 1983|title=The Emperor and the Exiles: The Clash of Religion and Politics in the Late Sixteenth Century|journal=Church History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=52|issue=2|pages=145–156|issn=0009-6407|jstor=3166948|doi=10.2307/3166948|s2cid=154372159 }}</ref><ref name="mcneill411">{{citation|last=McNeill|first=John|date=July 1928|title=Calvin's Efforts toward the Consolidation of Protestantism|journal=The Journal of Religion|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|volume=8|issue=3|pages=411–433|issn=0022-4189|jstor=1196033|doi=10.1086/480756|s2cid=170930342 }}</ref> as an attempted resolution of their differences with respect to the [[Real Presence]] of Christ's body and blood in the [[Eucharist]].<ref name="mcneill411"/> It is considered a foundational document for Evangelical Lutheranism<ref>{{citation|last=Russell|first=William|date=September 1995|title=The Theological "Magna Charta" of Confessional Lutheranism|journal=Church History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=64|issue=3|pages=389–398|issn=0009-6407|jstor=3168946|doi=10.2307/3168946|s2cid=162265338 }}</ref> but was later rejected by the Reformed.

The Reformed signers included [[Martin Bucer]],<ref name="mcneill379">{{citation|last=McNeill|first=John|date=December 1963|title=Calvin as an Ecumenical Churchman|journal=Church History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=32|issue=4|pages=379–391|issn=0009-6407|jstor=3163288|doi=10.2307/3163288|s2cid=246999285 }}</ref> [[Wolfgang Fabricius Capito]], [[Matthäus Alber]], [[Martin Frecht]], [[Jakob Otter]], and [[Wolfgang Musculus]]. The LutheransLutheran signers included [[Martin Luther]],<ref name="mcneill379"/> [[Philipp Melanchthon]],<ref name="mcneill379"/> [[Johannes Bugenhagen]], [[Justus Jonas]], [[Caspar Cruciger the Elder|Caspar Cruciger]], [[Justus Menius]], [[Friedrich Myconius]], [[Urban Rhegius]], [[George Spalatin]]. This document defined the doctrine of the [[Real Presence]] of Christ's body and blood in the [[Eucharist]] as the [[Sacramental Union]] and maintained the real eating of the body and blood of Christ by "unworthy communicants" (''[[manducatio indignorum]]'').