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Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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Shawnee is severely threatened, as many speakers have shifted to English. The approximately 200 remaining speakers are older adults.<ref name=e18/> Some of the decline in usage of Shawnee is the result of the assimilation program carried out by [[Indian boarding schools]], which abused, starved, and beat children who spoke their native language. This treatment often extended to the family of those children as well.
Of the 2,0004576 members of the [[Absentee Shawnee Tribe]] around the city of [[Shawnee, Oklahoma|Shawnee]], more than 100 are speakers; of the 1,500 members of the [[Eastern Shawnee Tribe]] in [[Ottawa County, Oklahoma|Ottawa County]], only a few elders are speakers; of the 2226 members of the [[Loyal Shawnee]] in the [[Cherokee]] region of [[Oklahoma]] around Whiteoak, there are fewer than 12 speakers.<ref name="e18"/> Because of such low figures and the percentage of elderly speakers, Shawnee is classified as an [[endangered language]]. Additionally, development outside of the home has been limited. Apart from a dictionary and portions of the [[Bible]] translated from 1842 to 1929,<ref name="e18"/> there is little literature or technology support for Shawnee.
===Language revitalization===
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