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{{For|the historic mansion on Long Island|Nassau Hall (Muttontown, New York)}}
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'''Nassau Hall''', colloquially known as '''Old Nassau''', is the oldest building at [[Princeton University]] in [[Princeton, New Jersey|Princeton]],
The university, originally known as the ''College of New Jersey'', held classes for one year in [[Elizabeth, New Jersey|Elizabeth]] and nine years in [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] before the hall was completed in 1756. Designed originally by [[Robert Smith (architect)|Robert Smith]], the building was subsequently remodeled by notable American architects [[Benjamin Latrobe]], after the 1802 fire, and [[John Notman]], after the 1855 fire. In the early years of Princeton University, Nassau Hall accommodated classrooms, a library, a chapel, and residential space for students and faculty. It housed the university's first [[Princeton University Department of Psychology|Department of Psychology]], for example. Essentially, Nassau Hall is the "Keating Hall" of Princeton University.▼
▲The university, originally known as the ''College of New Jersey'', held classes for one year in [[Elizabeth, New Jersey|Elizabeth]] and nine years in [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] before the hall was completed in 1756. Designed originally by [[Robert Smith (architect)|Robert Smith]], the building was subsequently remodeled by notable American architects [[Benjamin Latrobe]], after the 1802 fire, and [[John Notman]], after the 1855 fire. In the early years of Princeton University, Nassau Hall accommodated classrooms, a library, a chapel, and residential space for students and faculty. It housed the university's first [[Princeton University Department of Psychology|Department of Psychology]]
During the [[American Revolutionary War]], Nassau Hall was possessed by both British and American forces and suffered considerable damage, especially during the [[Battle of Princeton]] on January 3, 1777. From June 30 to November 4, 1783, Princeton was the [[provisional capital]] of the United States, and Nassau Hall served as its [[seat of government]]. The [[Congress of the Confederation]] met in the building's library on the second floor. According to Princeton University, "Here Congress congratulated George Washington on his successful termination of the war, received the news of the signing of the definitive treaty of peace with Great Britain, and welcomed the first foreign minister—from the [[Netherlands]]—accredited to the United States."<ref>[http://tigernet.princeton.edu/~ptoniana/nassauhall.asp Princetoniana: Nassau Hall] published on Princeton University's website and adapted from Leitch, Alexander. ''A Princeton Companion'' (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1978). Website accessed 15 January 2007.</ref>
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==Name==
When the building was constructed in 1754, the college's board wanted to name it after [[Jonathan Belcher]], the royal governor of New Jersey, but he declined, preferring it to be dedicated "to the immortal memory of the glorious [[William III of England|King William III]]," who hailed from the Dutch [[House of Orange-Nassau]]. As a result, the building is known as Nassau Hall.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Sean Wilentz |url=https://www.princeton.edu/~paw/web_exclusives/more/more_18b.html |work=Princeton Alumni Weekly |title=Nassau Hall, Princeton, New Jersey|publisher=Princeton University|access-date=24 October 2017|date=16 May 2001}}</ref>
== History ==
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The [[New Jersey Legislature]] met for the first time in Nassau Hall on August 27, 1776. British forces occupied Nassau Hall in 1776, and the [[Continental Army]] attacked the building during the [[Battle of Princeton]] on January 3, 1777. Three cannonballs were fired at the building, but only two made contact. One bounced off the south side of the building; the damage can still be seen today.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alexander Hamilton in Princeton ….. not such a perfect guy! :) |url=https://princetontourcompany.com/blog/alexander-hamilton-in-princeton-not-such-a-perfect-guy/ |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=Princeton Tour Company |language=en-US}}</ref> Another cannonball reportedly flew through a window in the faculty room and "decapitated" a portrait of [[George II of Great Britain]]. The cannonball was said to have come from a gun in the artillery company commanded by [[Alexander Hamilton]], who had been rejected by Princeton when he first came to the colonies. The result of the battle was a decisive [[Patriot (American Revolution)|Patriot]] victory, and Nassau Hall was retaken by the Americans.
The [[Congress of the Confederation]] convened in Nassau Hall for a little more than four months (from June 30, 1783, to November 4, 1783). The normal location in [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]] had to be vacated [[Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783|because of a mutiny]] by Continental Army soldiers. Starting in 1869, each graduation class adds a new sprig of ivy to grow up the walls of the building.<ref>{{cite news |title=Princeton Class Of '34 Adds Its Ivy Sprig For Nassau Hall |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1671753642.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+19,+1934&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Princeton+Class+Of+%2734+Adds+Its+Ivy+Sprig+For+Nassau+Hall&pqatl=google |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130131195720/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/baltsun/access/1671753642.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Jun+19,+1934&author=&pub=The+Sun+(1837-1985)&desc=Princeton+Class+Of+'34+Adds+Its+Ivy+Sprig+For+Nassau+Hall&pqatl=google |
==Princeton's alma mater==
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* [http://tigernet.princeton.edu/~ptoniana/oldnassau2.asp Princetoniana: Old Nassau]
* [http://tigernet.princeton.edu/~ptoniana/nassauhall.asp Princetoniana: Nassau Hall]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060623031739/http://barillari.org/photos/reunions2005/IMG_8589.JPG.html Inscription on FitzRandolph Gate facing Nassau Hall]
* [http://www.princeton.edu Princeton University]
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